2. Pumpkin Pumpkin, also known as pumpkin, is warm and sweet. It has the effects of invigorating the middle energizer, eliminating phlegm, eliminating flatulence, expelling parasites and detoxicating, treating cough and asthma, treating lung abscess and constipation, and has the effects of diuresis and beautifying. Pumpkin is rich in nutrition and contains citrulline, arginine, asparagine, trigonelline, adenine, carotene, vitamin A, vitamin B 1, vitamin C, glucose, sucrose, pentosan, mannitol, crude fiber and other components. Pumpkin not only has high edible value, but also has a dietotherapy function that can not be ignored. In recent years, the research experiments of medical experts and scholars at home and abroad show that eating pumpkin also has the functions of treating prostatic hypertrophy, preventing prostate cancer, preventing arteriosclerosis and gastric ulcer, treating diabetes and dissolving stones. The hypoglycemic mechanism of pumpkin is that it contains a lot of pectin cellulose. When mixed with starch food, it will increase the viscosity of stomach contents, adjust the absorption of food in the stomach, thus slowing down the absorption of sugar, thus delaying the time of gastric emptying and changing the speed of intestinal peristalsis, so that blood sugar will not rise too fast after meals. At the same time, pectin cellulose forms a gel-like substance in the intestine, which makes digestive enzymes and carbohydrates mix evenly, delays the digestion and absorption of monosaccharides in the intestine, and thus lowers blood sugar.
In recent years, pumpkin powder has been recognized at home and abroad to prevent and treat diabetes. Researchers confirmed that after taking pumpkin powder, 70%-90% of patients with type II diabetes have lower blood sugar, which indicates that pumpkin powder can lower blood sugar and increase insulin. How does pumpkin powder prevent diabetes? Over the years, many scientists have devoted themselves to the study of functional factors of pumpkin in preventing and treating diabetes, pointing out that pumpkin in preventing and treating diabetes is realized under the action of multiple components, not the result of a single component. Pumpkin contains CYT, which can promote the normal secretion of insulin, enhance the sensitivity of insulin receptor, activate glucoamylase, accelerate the transformation of glucose and reduce blood sugar concentration. Pumpkin is rich in pectin, which can reduce the secretion of gastrointestinal hormone "gastric inhibitory polypeptide" and reduce postprandial blood sugar and blood insulin levels; At the same time, pectin has satiety and can improve the hunger of patients. Various trace elements and vitamins also play an important role in controlling blood sugar and can reduce the biological activity of insulin in the body. The chromium content in pumpkin is 50 times higher than that in general food.
It is reported that there is a Xizhang village in Hokkaido, Japan, where people, whether rich or poor, eat pumpkins as their staple food, and almost no one suffers from diabetes. After investigation and clinical trials, Dr. Yamamoto, a Japanese endocrinologist, gave 100~500 grams of pumpkin to every hospitalized diabetic every day. After 1 month, the blood sugar of all subjects decreased to varying degrees, and some patients were miraculously discharged from hospital. This shows that pumpkin does have the effect of treating diabetes.
3. Tomato tomato, flat in nature, sweet in taste and slightly sour, has the effects of promoting fluid production to quench thirst, invigorating stomach and diminishing inflammation, clearing away heat and toxic materials, cooling blood and calming liver. Tomato contains protein, fat, choline, fenugreek, malic acid, citric acid, carbohydrates, calcium, phosphorus, iron, nicotinic acid, carotene, vitamin B, vitamin B2 and vitamin C. Tomato has low sugar content but high vitamin content, so it can be used as the main vegetable and non-staple food for diabetes.
4. Celery celery, the common name of celery, celery and celery, is the whole grass of annual or biennial herbs in Umbelliferae. It is a light vegetable with low sugar, which contains a lot of crude fiber, rich inorganic elements such as calcium, phosphorus and iron, various vitamins and active ingredients such as apigenin, coriander, mannitol and volatile oil. A large number of medical studies have confirmed that apigenin contained in celery has the effects of lowering blood pressure and calming the nerves. Celery can also accelerate the decomposition of fat. Researchers at the University of Milan in Italy used celery, a chemical substance that can accelerate the decomposition and disappearance of fat, to make subjects eat celery, which can reduce weight by 3.6 ~ 4.9 kg in 1 week. Therefore, for patients with type II diabetes (and obesity), it will be beneficial to eat more celery. Celery is cool, sweet and bitter, enters the liver and kidney meridians, and has the effects of clearing heat, calming the liver, promoting diuresis, invigorating the stomach, lowering blood pressure and reducing blood fat. In the Qing Dynasty, Wang's Resting Diet Spectrum said: "Celery is sweet and cool, clearing the stomach, purging heat and expelling wind, filling the mouth and moistening the throat, and improving eyesight." "Materia Medica" records that celery "cures hyperactivity of liver yang, dizziness, flushing, top-heavy, wobbly and other symptoms." Regular consumption of celery not only helps to lower blood sugar, but also has the effect of preventing and treating complications such as hypertension and obesity.
Carrot Carrot, also known as yellow radish, is not only a good vegetable, but also a staple food and one of the most popular foods in daily life. Because its shape is quite similar to ginseng, it plays a special and important role in human health care and is known as "civilian ginseng". Carrots are flat, sweet and non-toxic. It has the effects of invigorating spleen, resolving food stagnation, regulating stomach, invigorating middle energizer, tonifying kidney and nourishing blood, and is suitable for dyspepsia, dysentery, cough, night blindness, dry skin, and easy hair loss. Fresh carrots, moistening dryness and benefiting qi, promoting fluid production and quenching thirst, are comparable to pears, peaches and melons. As early as more than 400 years ago, Li Shizhen had a profound evaluation of carrots and thought that eating carrots often was "beneficial".
Modern nutritional medicine research results confirm that carrots contain mineral elements such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and potassium, and trace elements such as iron, copper, manganese, cobalt, iodine, fluorine and so on. It is particularly worth mentioning that carrots contain many vitamins. At present, there are more than 20 kinds of vitamins * * * found in the world, accounting for more than half of carrot roots, and the carotene content in carrots per100g is as high as 40 10/0g, which is rare in all vegetables and root foods. Modern medical scientific research has found that there is a component in carrot extract that can lower blood sugar, which proves that carrot can lower blood sugar. Carrots also contain quercetin and kaempferol, which can increase coronary blood flow, reduce blood lipid and promote adrenaline synthesis. Potassium succinate contained in carrots is an effective component of antihypertensive drugs, so carrots have the effects of lowering blood pressure and strengthening the heart. Eating carrots regularly and properly is not only helpful to lower blood sugar, but also has a good preventive and therapeutic effect on diseases such as hypertension, nerve tissue injury and retinal injury complicated by diabetes.
Ford, an epidemiologist at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and his colleagues measured the blood sugar content of 1665 volunteers aged 40-75. The results showed that the blood carotene content of healthy people was the highest, while that of diabetic patients was the lowest. Foote said in the research report that eating carrots and other vegetables rich in carotene in daily diet is very helpful to prevent diabetes. Carrot is a common raw fruit for people, which has a good effect on preventing and treating diabetes. Using carrots instead of tea to juice can lower blood pressure and blood sugar.
6. Leek leek, also known as Qiyangcao. As the saying goes, "Fried leeks with shrimps, no one doesn't like it". Traditional Chinese medicine paid special attention to the medicinal and health-care value of Chinese chives, believing that Chinese chives are warm in nature, pungent and sweet in taste, and have many functions, such as warming the middle warmer, promoting qi circulation, invigorating the stomach, refreshing, eliminating plague and detoxicating, harmonizing viscera, dispersing blood and stopping diarrhea. Modern nutritional medical research data show that leek contains more crude fiber, and contains vitamin B 1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, vitamin E, carotene and so on. Among them, every100g of leek contains as much as1410g of carotene, which is equivalent to 235 micrograms of retinol. It is also rich in mineral elements such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc, selenium and manganese. Moreover, leek is a high-quality and high-potassium food (K factor >; 30), has a good preventive and therapeutic effect on hypertension. Modern medical research shows that the volatile oil and sulfur-containing compounds, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc and other elements contained in leek can promote blood circulation, reduce blood fat and blood sugar, and have a good preventive and therapeutic effect on diabetes and its complications such as hypertension, coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia.
7. Cucumber Cucumber, commonly known as cucumber and cucumber, belongs to Cucurbitaceae. It is a high-quality food with low calorie, low fat, low sugar and high potassium content (K factor >). 20), a high-potassium plant, contains calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, pectin, cellulose, carotene A, carotene B, carotene C, carotene D, and various vitamins (B 1, B2, c, e, etc. ) and malonic acid. Among them, the important role of malonic acid is to effectively inhibit the transformation of carbohydrates into fat in the body. Excessive accumulation and accumulation of fat in the body will form obesity, which is of great significance to the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its occurrence and development. In addition, cucumber contains soft fine fiber, which can promote the excretion of putrefaction substances in the intestine and reduce cholesterol, so it also has the functions of reducing blood fat, losing weight, beautifying and preventing wrinkles. Cucumber is cool, sweet and nontoxic, and enters the stomach, spleen and large intestine. Has diuretic, heat clearing, detoxicating, fluid production and thirst quenching effects. "Daily Materia Medica" Day: "Cucumber is cool, except for heat and moistening dryness, relieving chest irritability, quenching thirst, promoting fluid production and stopping diarrhea." Li Shizhen's "Compendium of Materia Medica" Day: "Cucumber clears away heat and quenches thirst, and facilitates urination." Cucumber is especially suitable for diabetic patients with lung heat injury and stomach dryness injury. Cucumber and its products can not only improve clinical symptoms, but also help to prevent obesity, hypertension and other complications if they can be eaten regularly and in moderation.
8. Winter melon, commonly known as pillow melon and white melon. It has the reputation of "slimming melon" and is the mature fruit of Cucurbitaceae annual vine herb wax gourd. Vegetables with high potassium content (K factor >: 43) and low sodium content contain a variety of inorganic salts, vitamins, trigonelline, malonic acid, mannitol and other active ingredients. For obese type 2 diabetes, eating more wax gourd can not only lose weight, but also reduce blood fat, which is the first choice. Wax gourd is sweet, light and cool, and belongs to lung, large intestine and bladder meridian. It has many functions, such as clearing away heat and promoting diuresis, detoxicating, resolving phlegm and diuresis. Winter melon, Li Ming Cai's "Materia Medica" Day: Winter melon, "the main three diabetes, heat accumulation, benefit the large intestine." "Herbal Rejuvenation" records that "clearing heart and purging fire, eliminating dampness and expelling wind, reducing swelling and quenching thirst, relieving summer heat." During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Tao Hongjing wrote "A Record of Famous Doctors": "Treat abdominal distension, facilitate urination, quench thirst ... detoxify, quench thirst, stop boredom, and take it directly with juice. In the Tang Dynasty, Meng E's Dietotherapy Materia Medica pointed out that the fruit of wax gourd "can benefit qi and resist aging" ... people who want to be thin and healthy can eat it for a long time. "So wax gourd can not only cure diabetes, but also treat edema, beriberi and acute nephritis.
9. Onions Onions, also known as onions, are flat, sweet and pungent, and have the effects of invigorating the stomach, promoting digestion and promoting qi. Onion is known as the "vegetable queen" in Europe and America. A gourmet said, "Without onion, there would be no cooking art". Modern nutritional medical research data show that onion has high health care and medicinal value. Onion is rich in calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus and other minerals and vitamins, and it is a high-potassium food (K factor >; 33); Onion also contains active ingredients such as mercaptan, dimethyl disulfide, diallyl disulfide, diallyl sulfide, trisulfide and thiosulfinate. Modern pharmacological research results show that onion has a good hypoglycemic effect. Onion contains a substance similar to the hypoglycemic drug "methylsulfonylurea", which can selectively act on islet B cells, promote insulin secretion and restore its compensatory function. According to the American Medical World News, onion extract can significantly reduce the blood sugar level of alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. The application of ethanol extract can reduce fasting blood sugar most, and it is considered that the function of onion is to help cells make better use of glucose. Onion has antidiabetic effect on hyperglycemia caused by adrenaline. For middle-aged and elderly patients with type II diabetes, onion can also prevent and treat diabetes complicated with hypertension and hyperlipidemia.
According to Japanese research, onion has a high insulin effect and has a good effect on treating glucose in the blood.
(1) The taste of onion can lower blood sugar. Onion and garlic belong to onion, and onion plants can lower blood sugar level, among which onion has the best hypoglycemic effect. If the onion is cut, it will have a special pungent taste. In fact, those smells can lower blood sugar levels, and the role of insulin is to open the door for glucose in the blood to enter cells. The smell of onion just improves the efficiency of insulin and prevents glucose from entering cells.
(2) It can prevent the terrible complications of diabetes. A doctor once did such an experiment. Eight patients were asked to take 20 dried onion pills and drugs every day, and the blood sugar and heme A and C values were observed for 4 weeks. The experimental results showed that 1/5 people's blood sugar value and heme A and C values decreased. If the values of heme A and C are reduced, the probability of complications caused by diabetes will be less. Onions can not only lower blood sugar, but also prevent diabetic complications.
(3) Don't worry about hypoglycemia. Onions have no effect on normal blood sugar levels, but are only useful for abnormal hyperglycemia, so there is no need to worry about causing hyperglycemia or any side effects. Therefore, onion is not only suitable for diabetic patients, but also suitable for people who prevent diabetes.
(4) It can also prevent hypertension, hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis. Onion contains prostaglandin-like substances and components that can activate blood fibrinolytic enzyme activity. These substances can dilate blood vessels, reduce the resistance of peripheral blood vessels and coronary arteries of the heart, and have anticoagulant effect, prevent thrombosis, resist the action of pressor substances such as catecholamine in the body, and lower blood pressure. Therefore, onions are especially beneficial to diabetic patients with hypertension, hyperlipidemia and heart disease.
10. Asparagus Asparagus is also known as Gracilaria lemaneiformis, asparagus and longevity vegetables. Asparagus is cool and sweet, and has the effects of tonifying deficiency, losing weight, moistening lung, quenching thirst, invigorating qi, lowering blood sugar and preventing cancer. It is suitable for obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and other diseases, and has obvious effect on eliminating chronic complications and various symptoms of diabetes. Modern research shows that the vitamin content of asparagus is the highest among ordinary vegetables, which is 2 ~ 5 times that of ordinary vegetables. In100g fresh asparagus, there are 220 micrograms of carotene and 17 kinds of amino acids, which are rare in vegetables. Asparagus has high potassium content (K factor >). 68), is a high-quality high-potassium food. Asparagus also contains many special nutrients, such as asparagus saponin, coumarin, asparagine, aspartic acid, mannan, many steroidal saponins, rutin, glutathione, folic acid and other active ingredients. Modern medical research shows that coumarin and other components contained in asparagus can lower blood sugar. For middle-aged and elderly patients with type II diabetes, taking asparagus preparation or food regularly can not only improve the symptoms of diabetes, but also have a good preventive and therapeutic effect on diabetes complicated with hypertension, retinal damage and obesity. Modern pharmacological research results also prove that asparagus has anti-cancer effect and can enhance human immune function.
1 1. Tremella fuciformis, also known as tremella fuciformis, is a unique and precious edible fungus in China, with dry, white, large, tender, light, shiny and thick glue as the top grade, followed by small yellow color. Tremella is sweet and light in taste, and has the effects of nourishing yin and moistening lung, promoting fluid production to quench thirst, invigorating qi and kidney, nourishing heart and calming nerves, invigorating spleen and regulating stomach. Suitable for lung and stomach dryness and heat, excessive body fluid, obvious thirst, drinking more and eating more. Modern nutritional medical research data show that the quality of tremella protein is very high, containing more than 17 kinds of amino acids, 7 of which are essential amino acids for human body. Tremella also contains glucuronic acid, tremella polysaccharide, pentosan, coenzyme Q 10, vitamin B 1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, sodium, iron and other mineral elements. It is worth mentioning that every100g of dried tremella contains 30.4g of dietary fiber, and its potassium content is quite high, and its K factor (namely, potassium/sodium value) >: 19 belongs to high-potassium food. Clinical epidemiological studies have found that diabetes, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerotic diseases and hypertension are all related to insufficient dietary fiber intake. Tremella contains a high content of dietary fiber and is rich in gum. According to the preliminary study, rubber supplementation at a dose of about 1.3g/0.42kJ has been shown to have hypoglycemic effect in metabolic laboratory and outpatient follow-up. Some patients were followed up for 6 months, and the insulin dosage decreased by 26% on average. According to the average of urine sugar concentration four times a day, 1 week, urine sugar decreased by about 40%; Insulin-dependent (type I) diabetic patients may have similar effects. It can be seen that for middle-aged and elderly patients with type II diabetes (i.e., non-insulin dependent), regular consumption of tremella or medicated diet made of tremella is helpful to lower blood sugar, effectively control the disease, and also has a good preventive and therapeutic effect on diabetes complicated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia and other diseases.
12. Lentinus edodes is flat in nature and sweet in taste, and has the effects of invigorating spleen, regulating stomach and benefiting qi. Modern medical research shows that Lentinus edodes contains protein, amino acids, crude fiber, vitamins, lentinan, lentinan acid and butyric acid. Lentinus edodes has the functions of improving immunity, reducing blood lipid, lowering blood pressure, preventing and treating arteriosclerosis and resisting cancer, and is suitable for patients with hypertension, arteriosclerosis, diabetes and tumor. Each time 10 ~ 30g, it can be decocted, stewed or fried in water.
13. Kelp Kelp has different names such as seaweed. Because its plants live in seawater, they are flexible and long, and some are like belts, so there are many names. Kelp is an edible algae, which is not only edible, but also has high medicinal value. Kelp is cold, salty and non-toxic, and has the effects of softening hard mass, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. Modern nutritional medical research data show that kelp contains extremely high iodine, calcium, iron, phosphorus, cobalt, fluorine, potassium, zinc and other mineral elements, and contains a large number of crude fiber and polysaccharide components, such as alginic acid, kelp polysaccharide, mannitol, and fucosterol, ryegrass lactone, pentosan, galactose, galacturonic acid, arabinose, xylose, O- methyl xylose and onion. There is a component in kelp called sodium alginate, which can improve the sensitivity of diabetic patients to insulin, reduce fasting blood sugar, improve glucose tolerance and meet the requirements of high carbohydrate diet treatment. Modern medical research has found that the iodine content in dried kelp is as high as 24 mg per100 g, while the average adult can meet the needs by about 0. 15 mg per day. The iodine content in kelp is the highest in food, and people call it "iodine champion". In recent years, medical research reports believe that organic iodine has hormone-like effects, which can improve the function of bioactive substances in human body, promote the secretion of insulin and adrenocortical hormones, increase the activity of lipoprotein esterase, and promote the metabolism and utilization of glucose and fatty acids in liver, fat and muscle tissues, thus playing its role in lowering blood sugar and blood lipid, and has the effects of lowering blood pressure and resisting arteriosclerosis. Moreover, every100g of kelp contains 348mg of bound calcium available to human body. Medical research reports point out that calcium is closely related to diabetic complications. Foreign experts reported diabetes complicated with osteoporosis in detail, and collected evidence that diabetes can cause mineral metabolism disorder in the body and reduce inorganic salts in bones. After 2 ~ 3 years of diabetes, the reduction of calcium in bones becomes obvious. Osteoporosis in diabetic patients with a course of less than 5 years can be as serious as in long-term diabetic patients. Therefore, experts call for timely supplementation of calcium and appropriate amount of vitamin D when treating diabetes. If adults need 0.6 ~ 0.8g of calcium every day, they should strongly advocate dietary supplement. For all kinds of diabetic patients, it is of great benefit to take kelp-compatible food and medicated diet and often eat kelp preparations or food. However, it should be noted that Chinese medicine believes that seafood such as kelp is cold and slippery, and people with spleen and stomach deficiency and thin stool should not take it.
14. Luffa is a wonderful vegetable in summer festivals. When I was old, it was Luo Zhi, which crisscrossed like human meridians, so it was called "Luffa". Luffa is not only a high-potassium food with low fat, low calorie and low sugar (k factor >: 44), but also contains inorganic salts such as vitamin C8mg, vitamin A 0.32mg, vitamin B 20.06mg, vitamin B 10.04mg, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium and protein per 100g. Luffa juice contains saponin, mucus, xylan, protein, fat and multivitamins. The fruit of Luffa contains saponin, bitter quality of Luffa, citrulline and a lot of mucus. Luffa is sweet and cool in nature, belonging to the liver and stomach meridian, and has the effects of clearing heat and resolving phlegm, cooling blood and detoxicating, dredging meridian, promoting blood circulation, moistening skin and caring skin, and promoting lactation and relaxing bowels. Luffa, the day of Compendium of Materia Medica in Li Shizhen in Ming Dynasty: "Cooking to clear heat and benefit intestines." "Luchuan Materia Medica" Day: "Produces body fluid to quench thirst, and relieves summer heat and annoyance. Treat fever, thirst, body heat and irritability. " "Introduction to Medicine" Day: "Treat all kinds of malignant sores of men and women, the residual poison of acne rash in children, and gangrene of breasts, and treat sores." Regular use of loofah can treat diabetic lung injury, stomach dryness and body fluid injury, especially for middle-aged and elderly patients with type II diabetes complicated with hypertension or dermatosis.
15. Capsaicin in pepper can significantly reduce blood sugar level. In an experiment on dogs, it was found that the blood sugar level of dogs taking capsaicin was significantly lower than that of experimental dogs not taking capsaicin after two hours of sugar action. After taking capsaicin for two and a half hours, the insulin content of dogs was also higher. It may be that capsaicin increases insulin secretion in the lower pancreas of the stomach, or it may be that it delays the destruction of hormones responsible for glucose metabolism in the body.
Now, capsaicin has been used to treat the complications of diabetes, that is, to restore the damaged nerves in the so-called diabetic neuropathy.
16. Water spinach is water spinach. Strong disease and insect resistance, no need to spray pesticides during growth. It is a highly respected "safe vegetable" and "green food" in recent years. It is not only rich in cellulose, vitamins and minerals, but also contains insulin-like components, which can obviously lower blood sugar if taken frequently.