Papers on Mental Health Education for College Students
With the rapid development of society, people's pace of life is accelerating, competition is becoming more and more fierce, and interpersonal relationships are becoming more and more complicated. Due to the rapid progress of science and technology and the explosive growth of knowledge, people are forced to constantly update their knowledge; ? Humans have entered an era of emotional burden? , people's concept consciousness, emotional attitude complex evolution. As a part of modern society, college students who live and study in colleges and universities are interested in the social psychology of this era. Barometer? Very sensitive. In addition, college students, as a special social group, have many special problems of their own, such as adapting to the new learning environment and tasks. The adaptation to major choice and study, the conflict between ideal and reality, the handling and study of interpersonal relationship, the contradiction in love and the choice of future career. How to make them avoid or eliminate the psychological pressure, crisis or obstacle caused by the above-mentioned psychological pressure, improve their physical and mental health, adapt to the current and developing social environment with a positive and normal psychological state, prevent the occurrence of psychological diseases and psychosomatic diseases, and strengthen the psychological health education of college students has become an urgent need and concern for colleges and universities;
I. Definition of mental health
Mental health refers to a state in which people have a sense of stability in the internal environment and can adapt to any form of external environment in society. In other words, when they encounter any obstacles and difficulties, their psychology will not be out of balance, and they can be overcome by appropriate behavior. This stable and adaptive state is a state of mental health. It is very difficult to measure whether the mind is absolutely healthy. Health is relative, and there is no absolute dividing line. Generally speaking, there are three principles to judge whether psychology is normal: First, the unity of psychology and environment. Normal psychological activities are consistent with the objective environment in content and form. Second, the unity of psychology and behavior. This means that individual psychology and behavior is a complete, unified and coordinated process. Third, the stability of personality. Personality is the concrete embodiment of the unique personality psychological characteristics formed by individuals in the process of long-term life experience. Psychological disorder refers to mental illness or slight psychological disorder. It appears in contemporary college students mostly because of physical and mental fatigue, tension, psychological conflict, sudden problems or contradictions that are difficult to coordinate. , the time is short, the degree is slight, and it disappears or slows down with the change of situation; Others have a long time and a heavy degree, and finally have to drop out of school or even drop out of school. There are many manifestations of psychological obstacles, mainly in psychological activities and behaviors. It is manifested in psychological activities such as hypersensitivity or hypoesthesia, abnormal somatosensory perception, illusion, hallucination, forgetfulness, paranoia, neologism, vague consciousness, disorder of psychological characteristics, and difficulty in getting along with others. Behavior and anxiety, indifference, stubbornness, aggression, heavy heart. Despair, even pain and so on.
Second, the significance of mental health education for college students
1, mental health education is an effective way to improve students' comprehensive quality.
Psychological quality is the internal characteristic of the subject's relative psychological stability, including personal mental outlook, temperament, personality, emotion and other psychological elements, which is the basis for the formation and development of other qualities. Students' knowledge seeking and growth is essentially a continuous psychological activity and psychological development process. Only through individual selection and internalization can the cultural knowledge provided by education penetrate into the individual's personality traits and make it move from naivety to maturity. This process is also a process of improving the level of individual psychological quality. The improvement of students' comprehensive quality is greatly influenced by their psychological quality. The formation of students' various qualities should be mediated by psychological quality, and the formation and development of innovative consciousness, independent personality, competitiveness and adaptability should be guided by psychological quality. In the complicated and changeable social environment, maintaining good psychological adaptation is the key to resist temptation, bear setbacks and realize self-adjustment. It is in this sense that the strength of college students' comprehensive quality mainly depends on their psychological quality and the success of school mental health education.
2. Mental health education is the basic driving force for students' personality development.
Mental health education is closely related to the personality development of the educated, which directly affects the development level of individual personality. On the one hand, in the process of mental health education, students gradually improve their personality structure by accepting moral norms, behavior patterns, environmental information and social expectations; On the other hand, as a measure, evaluation and adjustment of oneself in psychological life, objectively existing values also affect the personality development of the subject, and can also be transformed into personality traits under certain conditions, thus promoting personality development to a new height. At the same time, mental health education is not passively attached to this transformation, but actively guides the educated to adjust their own direction in the process of transformation, so that individuals can grasp themselves and evaluate their behavior, thus achieving psychological optimization and sound personality. 3. Mental health education is a reliable way to develop students' potential.
One of the purposes of education is to develop the potential of the educated. Good psychological quality and potential development are the premise of mutual promotion, and mental health education creates the necessary conditions for their coordinated development. Mental health education helps the subject to know himself at a higher level by stimulating the self-confidence of the educated, so as to realize the role transformation, develop the adaptability to the environment and finally fully develop the potential.
Third, the status quo of contemporary college students' psychological problems
The psychological quality of contemporary college students not only affects their own development, but also relates to the improvement of the quality of the whole nation and the cultivation of cross-century talents. A survey on the main qualities of contemporary people shows that the quality of contemporary people can't meet the needs of social progress and development. What they lack most is psychological quality, which is characterized by weak will, insufficient ability to bear setbacks, insufficient adaptability and self-reliance, lack of competition and crisis awareness, lack of self-confidence and strong dependence. The reason is that education does not attach importance to the cultivation and shaping of people's psychological quality. Among college students, some people almost lose their desire and confidence to engage in all actions because of self-denial and self-exclusion; Some people have suicidal thoughts or self-destructive behaviors due to failed exams or frustrated love; Some people are cynical or desperate because of the unsatisfactory reality; Some people avoid group self-isolation because of disharmony in interpersonal relationships. A large number of surveys show that the main reason for the high incidence of college students in China is psychological disorder, and psychological diseases have become the main diseases of college students. Specific manifestations are terror, anxiety, compulsion, depression and emotional crisis, neurasthenia and so on. Our school surveys the mental health of freshmen every year. The results show that a large number of college students have poor psychological quality every year, and there are different degrees of obstacles. Four students from the College of Civil Engineering and Water Conservancy in 2002 dropped out of school because of psychological problems in the first year. The four of them are emotionally unstable because: 1, the pursuit of girls is rejected; 2. I have long suspected that my classmates talk about themselves behind their backs and despise themselves, so I dare not face others; 3. Losing confidence in life goals, feeling depressed and depressed; 4, manic, abnormal behavior. Finally, I can't continue my studies. The common psychological problems of college students are also manifested in environmental pressure, self-awareness obstacles, interpersonal communication obstacles, emotional instability, emotional maladjustment and so on. The psychological problems of contemporary college students can not be ignored.
Research on College Students' Mental Health Education (Ⅱ)
A mentally healthy person can experience his own existence value, not only know himself, but also accept himself, and have self-knowledge, that is, he can make an appropriate and objective evaluation of his own ability, personality, advantages and disadvantages; Don't put forward harsh and unreasonable expectations and requirements for yourself; You can also set realistic goals and ideals for your life, so that you are always satisfied with yourself; At the same time, strive to develop their own potential, even if their own defects can not be remedied, they can be handled safely. An unhealthy person lacks self-knowledge and is always dissatisfied with himself; Because the set goals and ideals are unrealistic, the distance between subjective and objective is too far, and they always blame themselves, blame themselves and feel inferior; Because I always want to be perfect, but I can't always be perfect, so I always have a hard time with myself; As a result, one's psychological state can never be balanced, and one can't get rid of the psychological crisis that one feels he will face.
Mental health refers to a state in which people have a sense of stability in the internal environment and can adapt to any form of external environment in society. In other words, when they encounter any obstacles and difficulties, their psychology will not be out of balance, and they can be overcome by appropriate behavior. This stable and adaptive state is a state of mental health. It is very difficult to measure whether the mind is absolutely healthy. Health is relative, and there is no absolute dividing line. Generally speaking, there are three principles to judge whether psychology is normal: First, the unity of psychology and environment. Normal psychological activities are consistent with the objective environment in content and form. Second, the unity of psychology and behavior. This means that individual psychology and behavior is a complete, unified and coordinated process. Third, the stability of personality. Personality is the concrete embodiment of the unique personality psychological characteristics formed by individuals in the process of long-term life experience. Psychological disorder refers to mental illness or slight psychological disorder. It appears in contemporary college students mostly because of physical and mental fatigue, tension, psychological conflict, sudden problems or contradictions that are difficult to coordinate. , the time is short, the degree is slight, and it disappears or slows down with the change of situation; Others have a long time and a heavy degree, and finally have to drop out of school or even drop out of school. There are many manifestations of psychological obstacles, mainly in psychological activities and behaviors. It is manifested in psychological activities such as hypersensitivity or hypoesthesia, abnormal somatosensory perception, illusion, hallucination, forgetfulness, paranoia, neologism, vague consciousness, disorder of psychological characteristics, and difficulty in getting along with others. Behavior and anxiety, indifference, stubbornness, aggression, heavy heart. Despair, even pain and so on.
Psychological quality is the internal characteristic of the subject's relative psychological stability, including personal mental outlook, temperament, personality, emotion and other psychological elements, which is the basis for the formation and development of other qualities. Students' knowledge seeking and growth is essentially a continuous psychological activity and psychological development process. Only through individual selection and internalization can the cultural knowledge provided by education penetrate into the individual's personality traits and make it move from naivety to maturity. This process is also a process of improving the level of individual psychological quality. The improvement of students' comprehensive quality is greatly influenced by their psychological quality. The formation of students' various qualities should be mediated by psychological quality, and the formation and development of innovative consciousness, independent personality, competitiveness and adaptability should be guided by psychological quality. In the complicated and changeable social environment, maintaining good psychological adaptation is the key to resist temptation, bear setbacks and realize self-adjustment.
On the one hand, the problems of college students' psychological quality are related to their own psychological development stage, and at the same time, they are inseparable from their social environment. College students are generally between the ages of seventeen and eighteen and twenty-three, which is in the middle of adolescence and is the most dramatic period of psychological changes in life. Due to immature psychological development and unstable emotions, psychological conflicts sometimes occur when facing a series of physiological, psychological and social adaptation topics, such as the conflict between ideal and reality, the conflict between reason and emotion, the conflict between independence and dependence, the conflict between self-esteem and inferiority, the conflict between lack of knowledge and discrimination, the conflict between competition and stability, and so on. If these conflicts and contradictions are not effectively channeled and reasonably resolved, they will form psychological barriers over time, especially for contemporary college students. In order to win in the fierce competition for the college entrance examination, they almost devoted themselves to their studies. Over-protection of parents, examination-oriented education in schools and lack of life experience make these students psychologically fragile, weak-willed, and lack of tolerance for setbacks. Small setbacks in study, life, making friends, falling in love and choosing a job are enough for some of them to bear. From the perspective of environmental factors, the intensification of competition and the acceleration of the pace of life have created a sense of urgency and pressure; Individuals have more opportunities to choose their goals in life, and the contradictions that are difficult to take into account aggravate inner conflicts and produce anxiety. In all these cases, all kinds of confusion, confusion, anxiety and nervousness caused by inadaptability to the changing environment have obviously increased, and the psychological impact brought by social changes to growing college students is stronger and more complicated than ever before. Various physiological factors, psychological confusion and social factors are intertwined, which easily leads to the unbalanced psychological development of college students. People with poor psychological quality naturally can't adapt to the environment of high speed, high technology and high competition, and heavy psychological load can easily lead to various psychological diseases. Therefore, college students should learn to adjust their own psychology and realize mental health;
1, maintain a strong interest in learning and curiosity. Learning is the main task of college students. With the interest in learning, we can consciously jump into the vast ocean of knowledge and invite them to swim, desperately absorb new knowledge and develop various abilities, so as to improve our own quality and better adapt to the needs of social development.
2. Keep an optimistic mood and a good attitude. College students should maintain a positive and optimistic mood, a happy and cheerful attitude, and be full of confidence and hope for the future. When you encounter sad things, you should learn to adjust yourself, express and control your emotions appropriately, and be proud to win, happy to lose, and worried.
College students with mental health should have good emotional state, correct self-concept, proper self-evaluation, complete personality structure, harmonious interpersonal relationship and good job-hunting psychology, and should meet the requirements of society and give full play to their intelligence and adaptability to the environment. If we have the above qualities, our mental health will not be a problem, and our studies and careers will certainly succeed.