Why is the situation of hypertensive people very serious now?
In fact, there are many factors affecting hypertension, including daily eating habits and living habits, as well as insufficient understanding of hypertension. Some people even think that hypertension needs no attention as long as it doesn't affect life. But the most important thing is that when we have high blood pressure, we can't always pay attention to the changes of high blood pressure. Therefore, we can't adjust our treatment of blood pressure at any time.
Therefore, most of the time, it is because I feel uncomfortable that I want to take a measurement to see how much my blood pressure has reached. At this time, it seems a little late for me to adjust the dosage and type of antihypertensive drugs and miss the best treatment opportunity.
Speaking of measuring blood pressure, in fact, some friends pay great attention to the changes of their blood pressure and buy a sphygmomanometer to keep at home, but because they can't operate, the measured value is different from that of the hospital, so they put it away after several uses.
Today, Xiaoqing will talk to you about how to measure blood pressure, because people are under great pressure at work now, and it is difficult to take time out to go to the hospital for a test. But if we want to know our blood pressure at any time, we need to measure it at home. We all know that to effectively control blood pressure, we must have an exact blood pressure value, so that we can find it in time and treat it in time.
Principle of sphygmomanometer
At present, the most commonly used blood pressure measurement methods are basically blood pressure measurement methods that use cuffs to compress blood vessels. When the cuff is inflated, if the pressure in the cuff exceeds the systolic pressure of the artery, the blood vessel will be closed, the blood flow will be blocked, and the pulse sound of the artery can not be heard at the far end of the blood vessel. After deflation, the pressure in the cuff is lower than the arterial systolic pressure, the blood vessels will open, the blood flow will return to normal, and the blood flow will recover, which will produce arterial pulsation sound. The first arterial pulse sound (auscultation sound) is the pressure in the cuff. It's systolic pressure.
Continue to deflate. When the pressure in the cuff is lower than the diastolic pressure, the blood vessels will be completely normal, the blood flow will no longer be blocked, and the pulsation of the arteries will disappear. At this time, the pressure in the cuff is diastolic pressure.
So how do we measure blood pressure correctly at home?
The sphygmomanometer should be suitable.
The most commonly used sphygmomanometers in the market are mercury sphygmomanometers, barometer sphygmomanometers and electronic sphygmomanometers. However, we'd better choose the cuff width of the sphygmomanometer to cover two-thirds of the length of the upper arm, and the cuff length needs to reach two-thirds of the circumference of the upper arm. If the cuff is too narrow, the measured blood pressure will be higher, and if the cuff is too long, the measured blood pressure will be lower.
The pressure measurement environment is also very important.
When we measure blood pressure, we must choose a place with a relatively quiet environment and moderate temperature, and we must rest for about 5- 10 minutes before measurement to calm down our mood. There should not be too much restraint between the sleeve and the arm, and it is also necessary to avoid measuring under bad conditions, such as smoking, catching a cold, just drinking coffee, feeling unwell, etc.
Remember that the pressure measurement steps should be correct.
When we measure blood pressure, we must sit and make sure that the upper arm is bare, the palm of our hand should be stretched horizontally upward, the elbow should be at the level of the heart, and the upper limb arm should keep a 45-degree angle with the body. Because there is a gap in front of the elbow, there should be a distance of 2-3 cm under the cuff.
Inflate until the arterial pulsation disappears, and then increase by 4.0 kPa (30 mm Hg), which is the maximum inflation level. If the pressurization is too high, the systolic blood pressure will be too high. If the inflation reaches 40.0 kPa (300 mm Hg), it will lead to "airbag inflation hypertension". Then gradually deflate at a speed of 0.27 kPa (2 mm Hg) \ 2. The first auscultation sound is systolic pressure, and when the pulsation sound disappears, it is diastolic pressure (the old unit blood pressure reading should be accurate to 2 mm Hg). The time of inflation and compression must not be very long, otherwise it will cause the illusion of hypertension.
Get up every day (before meals) and take a test before going to bed.
Hypertension also has peaks and valleys, so the results measured at different times of the day are different. According to the 24-hour blood pressure measurement of normal people and hypertensive patients in China, the peak blood pressure of 70% people has two peaks and two valleys. This time is: 6-8 am is the first peak of blood pressure, and blood pressure begins to drop after 8 am.
Noon 12 to afternoon 1 is the first trough, and then blood pressure will rise slowly until 4-6 pm, when blood pressure reaches the second peak, which is also the highest time of the day. Then the blood pressure began to slowly drop again, until 1-2 fell to the lowest value in the whole day at night, which was the second trough, and finally the blood pressure slowly rose, and then entered the first peak of the day.
Therefore, if you want to control your blood pressure, it is best to measure 1-2 times a week. If time permits, you should choose a time when your blood pressure is relatively high every day. In general, Xiaoqing suggested that everyone take blood pressure in the morning.
If you are accidentally entangled in high blood pressure, you should measure your blood pressure every morning after getting up, that is, before breakfast and before going to bed at night, at the beginning of blood pressure measurement, when receiving treatment, or when it is necessary to adjust the measurement of antihypertensive drugs due to weather and blood pressure changes, so as to better grasp your blood pressure fluctuation, and it is best to adjust the preparation of drugs at any time.
This behavior should last at least a week, because at this time, blood pressure can become relatively stable, and then the frequency of measurement can be reduced.