Model Collection of Nursing Work Plan for Head Nurse Ward (5 articles)

In order to implement the requirements of the hospital, we should make a good work plan for the head nurse in the second ha

Model Collection of Nursing Work Plan for Head Nurse Ward (5 articles)

In order to implement the requirements of the hospital, we should make a good work plan for the head nurse in the second half of the year. Work plan is very important in our work and life, which can help us to better promote the implementation of the project and plan our later work priorities. What good work plans do head nurses have that are worth learning? Please look at the model nursing work plan for the head nurse ward compiled for you and me. Welcome to read the collection and share it with friends around you!

According to the general requirements of the Ministry of Health to create high-quality nursing and the specific plan of our hospital to create high-quality nursing activities, combined with the characteristics of orthopedics specialty, we should conscientiously implement patient-centered, consolidate basic nursing, pay attention to specialized nursing, strive to change service concept, optimize work flow, improve nurse-patient relationship and improve nursing quality. 20xx nursing work plan is formulated as follows:

First, improve ideological understanding, clarify the connotation of quality nursing, and enhance service awareness.

Organize general nurses to learn to create documents related to high-quality nursing activities, do a good job in intra-department training, formulate specific measures to create excellence, firmly establish the service concept of "patient-centered", regard high-quality nursing service as the key to improve nursing quality and harmonious nurse-patient relationship, and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of nurses. Strive to provide seamless, continuous, safe, high-quality and satisfactory nursing services for patients.

Second, the work objectives

Take patient satisfaction as the overall goal, lay a solid foundation, consolidate achievements, take patient requirements as the starting point and patient satisfaction as the foothold, and comprehensively implement patient-centered nursing work. Further deepen high-quality nursing service, enhance service connotation and continuously improve nursing quality.

Third, the work measures:

1, reasonable arrangement and flexible scheduling

Orthopedics has 48 beds, 15 nurses. According to the working ability of each nurse, the number of patients and the nursing workload, reasonable arrangements and flexible shifts are implemented.

2. Standardize ward management, put key links in place, strictly implement various nursing systems and nursing operation procedures, do a good job in nursing safety, conduct nursing risk assessment on patients, comprehensively evaluate patients' condition, implement patients' safety objectives, and reduce adverse events. Graded care for patients, patients. The nursing level is in line with the condition, and the ward environment management should be strengthened to create a quiet, clean, safe, warm and orderly ward environment for patients.

3. Strengthen management to ensure nursing safety.

(1) Strengthen the management of key links of patients, such as patient transport, handover and ulcer. , and establish and improve the nursing process and management evaluation procedures. Grasp the key links such as nurse shift change and monthly nursing ward round, strengthen nursing management and ensure the realization of the goal.

(2) Strengthen nursing safety monitoring and management, organize nursing staff to hold safety analysis meetings every month and analyze and discuss the causes of nursing errors and nursing adverse events, analyze the reasons, learn lessons, and put forward preventive measures and improvement measures.

(3) Strengthen departmental management. Every week, the department conducts irregular spot checks on ward management, basic nursing, nursing safety, medical record writing, nurse equipment, disinfection and isolation. , and immediately pointed out the existing problems, requiring timely correction.

4. Detailed workflow and clear job responsibilities.

Revise the responsibilities of each class, change the scheduling mode, refine the workflow of each class, find the weak links, clarify the division of nursing, and strive for more reasonable and practical new responsibilities.

5. Pay special attention to basic nursing, specialist nursing and nurse responsibility system.

Each nurse is responsible for 8- 12 patients, and each patient has a corresponding fixed nurse to provide overall nursing service for patients, closely observe patients' condition, communicate with patients at any time, do a good job in patients' life care and basic nursing, ensure patients' safety and embody humanized nursing.

6, deepen the hierarchical use of nurses, according to the patient's condition, nursing difficulty and technical requirements, assign responsible nurses, critically ill patients shall be responsible by nurses with high seniority and strong ability, reflecting the corresponding energy level.

7, constantly sum up, improve the quality of nursing, increase patient satisfaction.

A nursing meeting is held once a month, and each nurse reports her work and feelings. Conduct patient satisfaction survey every month, and listen carefully to patients' opinions and suggestions on quality care. Timely feedback the existing problems, put forward rectification measures, continuously improve the quality of nursing, and improve patient satisfaction.

8. Strengthen patient health education.

The nurse in charge will explain the patients in detail every day according to the treatment and nursing routine of common diseases, special diet, self-prevention of diseases and matters needing attention in medication, provide health education and rehabilitation guidance to patients, and provide psychological care.

9, nurses implement performance distribution.

Distribution principle: give priority to efficiency and quality, distribute according to work, and give consideration to fairness and justice.

Distribution basis: patient satisfaction, working hours, existing risks, nursing quality and sense of responsibility.

In order to further adapt to the medical market situation in our county, focus on the hospital development plan, adhere to the service concept of "patient-centered" and improving patient satisfaction, continuously improve the nursing level of critically ill patients, and create a relaxed and harmonious working and learning environment for ICU nurses, the nursing work plan for the second half of the year is formulated as follows:

First, consolidate the foundation of ICU critically ill patients and super-quality nursing, and realize the fundamental goal of continuous improvement and continuous improvement.

According to the department's daily work performance and nursing assessment score, combined with the professional working years and professional titles, each group selected 1 nursing quality supervisor to supervise the nursing behavior that the head nurse could not observe in nursing work, with the main purpose of guiding improvement, the supervisor fed back the problems found and the improvement effect to all nurses' regular meeting once a month, so as to improve the consciousness of all nurses to actively correct deviations and standardize behaviors.

Continue to implement the principle that superior nurses are responsible for guiding, supervising and inspecting the work of junior nurses. The head nurse and members of the quality control team check the nursing quality of the patients in the department once a week, record the existing problems and put forward improvement measures.

Improve the job responsibilities and workflow standards of nurses in each class of the department. The head nurse strives to follow the class once a month, supervise and guide the nurses on duty according to the standards, and improve them in time.

At the end of each month, organize nursing quality supervisors and quality control team members to hold a quality inspection report meeting, point out the weak links in the department, discuss the improvement methods, and continuously improve the nursing quality of the department.

Lead general nurses to explore and summarize effective new basic nursing methods in time, form norms, continuously improve basic nursing skills and improve patients' comfort and satisfaction.

The second is to improve learning methods, strengthen the study of theoretical knowledge related to common diseases, critical diseases and difficult diseases, continue to strengthen basic and specialist operation training, and improve disease nursing skills.

Organize 1-2 nursing rounds every month, aiming at different diseases such as general, difficult and critical. Continue to implement the study method of focusing on big study twice a month and small study once a morning. Organize all nurses to learn the new trends and experiences in the treatment and nursing of common intractable diseases in ICU, and discuss, record, summarize and improve them.

Make an effective study plan for the three basic theories and professional knowledge, divide the three basic theories and professional knowledge into articles according to the content, pass each article every month, and set up a reward system to encourage them.

Set up 1-2 operation assessment teams on time every month, focusing on clinical random assessment and focusing on "humanistic care", and conduct 1 training assessment for everyone every month to improve the operation level and the quality of nursing connotation. Practice various ICU monitoring techniques in groups at the bedside every quarter, so that everyone can be familiar with the use and maintenance of various rescue and monitoring instruments and can skillfully cooperate with various rescues.

Third, strengthen nursing safety awareness, strengthen safety education for all staff, and continue to advocate the spirit of "cautious independence" in ICU.

Formulate the responsibility system, emergency plan learning and assessment plan, conduct quarterly assessment, and continuously strengthen it on the original basis. Using the monthly meeting of general nurses, this paper analyzes the hidden dangers of hospitals and departments in that month and puts forward preventive measures.

Strengthen the spirit of "cautious independence" of ICU nurses and emphasize drug safety. Head nurses use shift time to supervise and severely punish violations in time, and organize the study and assessment of new drug knowledge once a month.

Strengthen the training and inspection of nursing document writing, further improve the content of nursing monitoring record sheet, ensure that nurses complete nursing records in time, objectively, truly and completely, and ensure medical safety.

Fourth, cooperate with medical work, learn and introduce practical new nursing technologies and projects, and actively promote and apply them in nursing practice.

Five, strengthen continuing education and learning, and constantly improve the professional skills of nursing staff by using various opportunities and ways.

1. Encourage department nurses to participate in all kinds of academic education, and strive for three self-taught undergraduate degrees by the end of 20xx, and all department nurses will reach college education or above.

2, strengthen the basic skills of nurses operation training, according to the requirements of standardized training of nurses carefully assessment and training.

3. Pay attention to the training of specialized nursing staff, and strive to arrange two nurses to go out for further study with the consent of the nursing department.

4. In view of the characteristics of no escort and short visiting time in ICU, nurses should take the initiative to contact their families every day and try their best to solve their practical difficulties.

5. Advocating the new service concept of "caring for life and health", starting from the image, applying for a new customized ICU nurse cap, on the one hand, is convenient to operate, on the other hand, it embodies the capable and beautiful image of ICU nurses.

6. Carry out the selection activities of the department's ICU image ambassador. According to the usual theoretical operation score, year-end performance appraisal score, comprehensive evaluation of doctors and nurses on duty, head nurse evaluation, daily satisfaction survey of patients' families, etc., 1 nurse ambassador was selected at any time and rewarded and commended, which established a good image of ICU in the nursing team of the whole hospital.

Head nurse 2 1 model essay on ward nursing work plan. Strengthen nursing safety management, improve nursing risk prevention measures, effectively avoid nursing risks, and provide patients with high-quality, safe and orderly nursing services.

1. Implement various rules and regulations: regular and irregular inspections, supervision in place, and supervision and inspection records.

2. Strengthen safety awareness: when unsafe factors are found in the work, remind them in time and strictly implement the "four don't let go".

3. Strengthen the management of key periods, such as night shift, middle shift and holidays. Implement flexible shift scheduling system, reasonably match the old, middle-aged and young people on duty, and pay attention to cultivating the cautious and independent spirit of nurses when they are on duty independently.

4. Classified management: Classified management is carried out according to the nurse in charge-nurse-new nurse (1 year)-practice nurse, so as to strengthen the training, study and education of new nurses and improve their professional ability.

5. Improve nursing records and reduce potential safety hazards: standardize nursing records and conscientiously implement the "cross principle" in nursing records, that is, objectivity, truthfulness, accuracy, timeliness and completeness.

6. Strengthen nurses' own occupational protection: organize general nurses to learn relevant knowledge, and formulate occupational exposure reporting system, occupational exposure prevention measures and specific treatment measures and procedures after occupational exposure.

7. Improve the nursing emergency risk plan: pay attention to cultivating nurses' emergency ability in daily work, make a retrospective evaluation of each emergency work, draw lessons from it, and improve nurses' ability to deal with emergencies.

Second, take patients as the center, advocate civilized and high-quality service, strengthen nurse-patient communication, improve patient satisfaction and avoid nursing disputes.

1, ensure and improve the convenience measures, manage the responsibility to people, and handle problems in time when found.

2. Strengthen service awareness education and improve the concept of humanized active service. Continue to implement the nurse's code of conduct, implement the civilized language of nurses in daily work, and improve the quality of health education.

3. Seriously implement the notification procedures before and after clinical treatment, respect patients' right to know, and relieve patients' concerns.

4. Hold a symposium on holidays every month, distribute patient satisfaction questionnaires, praise and encourage nurses with high service quality, and criticize and educate nurses with poor service quality.

Three, regular and irregular nursing quality inspection, to maintain the continuous improvement of nursing quality.

1, give full play to the role of nursing quality control team, conduct quality inspection every week, find problems in time, correct and deal with them in time.

2, constantly modify and improve all kinds of nursing quality standards, and organize learning, according to the standard implementation of nursing work.

3. The head nurse conducts regular and irregular quality inspections, analyzes the reasons for the deficiencies, makes timely rectification, and strengthens the service awareness and quality awareness of nursing staff.

4, on a regular basis to the quality control team, the head nurse quality inspection, nursing department quality inspection feedback comprehensive analysis, find out the reason, formulate feasible corrective measures, and check the implementation of the rectification.

Fourth, strengthen the management of hospital infection.

1, strictly implement the disinfection and isolation system formulated by the leading group for hospital infection management.

2. Standardize disposable articles, destroy them in time for centralized treatment, regularly inspect and urge them, and regularly check and register the concentration of disinfectants.

3. Add a "comprehensive class" to be responsible for the cleaning, detoxification and maintenance of various articles and instruments.

Five, strictly implement the three basics and three strictness, strengthen teaching, further study and continuing education, and improve the professional quality of nursing staff.

1, according to the "three basics and three strictness" training plan, nurses at all levels are trained, and theoretical examinations and technical operation examinations are organized every month. According to the nurse in charge (or over 45 years old)-nurse (or over 35 years old)-nurse-new nurse (1 year)-intern nurse, training and management are carried out at different levels.

2. Ask the nurse questions during nursing rounds, including basic theoretical knowledge, professional theoretical knowledge and nosocomial infection knowledge.

3, often review the knowledge of nursing emergency risk plan, first-aid technical drills every quarter, master the use of first-aid equipment and instruments, and improve the emergency ability of nurses.

4. Through department recommendation and comprehensive evaluation of nursing department assessment, select nursing backbone, conduct regular training and study, arrange nursing lecture tasks, and establish a graded nursing teaching management network of nursing department-head nurse-nursing backbone-new nurses.

Head nurse 1 Model essay on nursing work plan of ward. Conscientiously implementing various rules and regulations is the fundamental guarantee to improve nursing quality and ensure medical safety.

1, the nursing department reiterated the responsibilities of nurses at all levels, clarified the post responsibility system and nursing work system for nurses on duty and visiting nurses, and put an end to the unhealthy phenomena such as patients changing infusion bottles and pulling out needles by themselves.

2, adhere to the inspection system:

(1) requires the class to check the doctor's advice, and the head nurse participates in the total check 1-2 times a week and records it;

(2) Nursing operation requires three checks and seven pairs;

(3) Insist on filling in the infusion card, and no major nursing mistakes occurred within half a year.

3, conscientiously implement the orthopedic nursing routine and microsurgical nursing routine, adhere to fill in all kinds of information and data register, equipped with five types of surgical disposal tray.

4, adhere to the bedside shift system and morning care, to prevent complications.

Second, improve the management level of head nurses.

1. Adhere to the record and assessment of the head nurse's handbook: require the head nurse's handbook to be submitted to the nursing department for assessment before the 5th day of each month, and supervise the implementation according to the second half year plan, seasonal arrangement and monthly plan formulated by the head nurse, and monitor the implementation effect, and require the head nurse to summarize the monthly work so as to sum up experience and carry out the work.

2. Adhere to the system of regular meeting of head nurses: according to the requirements of grade hospitals, hold a regular meeting of head nurses once a week, with the contents as follows: arrange the focus of this week's work, summarize the advantages and disadvantages of last week's work, put forward corresponding rectification measures, feed back the nursing quality control inspection to all head nurses, and learn the relevant materials of head nurses' management.

3, check the quality of nursing every month, and timely feedback, and constantly improve the management level of the head nurse.

4. Organize head nurses to go out to study and visit, learn from the advanced experience of brother units, and expand their knowledge: at the end of May, send head nurses from three wards to participate in the new international nursing progress class, and report to all nurses after the study.

Third, improve the professional quality of nursing staff.

1. Conduct "three basics" training for on-the-job personnel and organize theoretical examinations.

2, cooperate with the medical department, hire experts to teach, teach orthopedics, internal medicine, surgery knowledge, in order to improve professional knowledge.

3. Each department asks questions 1-2 times a week in the morning, and the content is basic theoretical knowledge and orthopedic knowledge.

Fourth, constantly improve their own quality.

A successful nursing manager has: first, his own quality; Second, his working methods and leadership.

(1) China's health undertakings are facing major reforms, and the relationship between doctors and patients has undergone fundamental changes. The commercialization, humanization and legalization of the doctor-patient relationship have become a topic for nurses to explore. Head nurses should get everyone's love and trust, walk ahead in their work, work ahead and serve ahead, regardless of personal gains and losses, have a humble attitude in front of honor, give everyone more opportunities, let nurses have honor and trust, and create an easy-going working atmosphere. As a manager, she must listen to unpleasant words, endure unbearable things in the world, and can't give people little shoes to wear. Win the understanding of people around you with a broad mind and seeking truth from facts. Head nurses should improve the trust among colleagues with their own personality, personality and working methods, unite colleagues and cooperate with departments.

② Give the patient four lectures, four hearts and empathy. Four stresses: stressing civilization, politeness, quality and morality; Four hearts: do things that reassure doctors, patients, family members and themselves; Empathy refers to the empathy of patients and consumers when dealing with problems. Because patients are individuals with special requirements, nursing services should focus on the overall needs of patients, not only to provide patients' needs, but also to care about and pay attention to patients' life, health, personality and respect. The head nurse is the nurse's mentor, who communicates with patients with civilized language and friendly attitude, and demands the behavior and nursing process of every nursing staff with strict nursing norms, noble feelings and morality.

Head nurses are the most basic and direct managers in clinic, and their management level directly affects the quality of nursing. Therefore, we should pay attention to "detail management is the essence" and "safety management is the most important", better apply nursing management to clinic, and constantly innovate nursing management mode.

Head nurse 4 1 model essay on ward nursing work plan. Actively and conscientiously study the professional knowledge of nurses.

Correct working attitude, serious and responsible, and established a correct outlook on life and values. In the process of medical nursing practice, obey orders and commands. Can strictly abide by the rules and regulations of the hospital, abide by medical ethics norms, and standardize operations. Can actively participate in various activities organized by hospitals and departments, respect leaders and unite colleagues.

Second, professional knowledge and working ability

With the goal of "doing better", we have cultivated innovative consciousness and successfully completed the following duties: assisting the head nurse in ward management and sorting out medical documents. Seriously receive every patient, treat every patient as his friends and relatives, and always put yourself in others' shoes. Do a good job in writing medical documents, learn the writing norms of departmental documents, and write general nursing records and rescue records. Abide by the rules and regulations and keep in mind the three basics (basic theory, basic knowledge and basic skills) and three strictness (serious attitude, strict requirements and strict methods). In order to improve the theoretical and operational level of each nurse, the nursing department conducts theoretical and operational examinations every month, setting high standards for their work. Work attitude should be correct. "Doctors' parents want all patients to recover as soon as possible, so every time I enter the ward, I spare no effort to encourage them, patiently help them understand the disease and establish confidence in overcoming it. I felt very happy when I saw the patient recover.

Third, in terms of life.

I have developed good living habits, a full and organized life, a rigorous attitude towards life, and a good attitude and style of life. I am warm and generous, honest and trustworthy, ready to help others, have my own good accident principles, and can live in harmony with colleagues; Take an active part in all kinds of extracurricular activities, so as to constantly enrich your experience.

Future goals:

I am determined to further invigorate my spirit, strengthen the transformation of my personal world outlook, and strive to overcome my own problems, so as to:

(1), do a good job in theoretical study and maintain political firmness.

(2), under the care and guidance of hospital leaders and department directors, successfully complete the medical and nursing tasks, earnestly perform their duties, and love their jobs.

(3) Take the department as the home, work actively, treat patients with enthusiasm and patience, and meet patients' needs. Nursing is an ordinary job, however, we use sincere love to heal the trauma of patients' hearts and ignite the courage of patients to overcome diseases with fire-like enthusiasm.

Four. Work plan for the second half of xx year

1, seriously abide by the relevant rules and regulations of hospitals and departments, and don't be late for work or leave early.

2. Seriously do the work and tasks assigned to me by the leaders.

3. Emancipate your mind, make suggestions for the development of the department, and do your best to create more benefits for the department.

4. Strengthen communication and cooperation with doctors in charge, patients and their families, strive to build a modern and scientific doctor-patient model, and properly handle the doctor-patient relationship.

5, strengthen the study of professional knowledge, and strive to improve their professional skills, to provide patients with more effective and better service.

6, to assist colleagues to do a good job in the department, do clear job responsibilities, resources * * *, unity and mutual assistance, * * * to create a department with excellent environment, excellent service and excellent performance.

Nursing is a noble and great cause, and I am proud to be a member of the team of nurses. In the future work, I will redouble my efforts to make my due contribution to the development of the department! In the coming xx years, I will try my best to correct my shortcomings and deficiencies, do my job well, be responsible for patients and my work. I will also be strict with myself in my life. I believe I can do it. Please lead and supervise!

5 20xx is an important year for deepening the reform of medical system, joining public health institutions in our hospital and implementing the Twelfth Five-Year Plan. Opportunities and challenges coexist. Our department will seize this opportunity, continue to adhere to the people-oriented service concept, and pay close attention to quality, safety and education. It is a new step in the quality of nursing work in our department. According to the work plan of nursing department, formulate and implement the specific work plan of this department.

System construction continues to strengthen the inspection of the implementation of the core system, focusing on the inspection of the nursing duty system, the check-up system, the safety management system, the rescue system for critically ill patients, and the graded nursing system, especially strengthening the retraining and examination of nurses with low seniority and weak sense of responsibility. The assessment results are linked to performance pay, so that everyone can consciously abide by it and strengthen the discipline inspection of labor organizations, especially the weak barriers such as middle class and hanging class. In order to ensure the safety of nursing work, strengthen the inspection of the completion of post responsibilities, especially the inspection and assessment of the completion of professional team leaders, and implement the hierarchical management responsibility system to ensure the quality of work. Reasonable division of labor for some senior nurses, so that everyone can perform their duties, do their best, and have clear responsibilities to ensure the smooth development of nursing work.

Strengthen the process control of nursing quality to ensure the safety and effectiveness of nursing work.

Continue to implement the department nursing quality management team responsibility system led by the head nurse, and guide, supervise, check and assess the department nursing quality regularly and irregularly. When problems are found, effective solutions should be taken in time and evaluated. It is necessary to give full play to the management role of the quality control team in the department, clarify their respective quality control points, enhance the awareness of all staff to participate in quality management, and improve the quality of nursing.

Third, strengthen the on-the-job education of nurses and improve the comprehensive quality of nursing staff.

(1) Implement the standardized training and on-the-job continuing education for nurses, and pay special attention to the "three basics" and specialist skills and assessment of nurses.

1 Focus on strengthening the assessment of newly hired nurses and junior nurses, strengthen their learning awareness, focus on strengthening basic nursing knowledge, and increase the number of assessments until reaching the standard.

2. Strengthen the training of specialist skills: strengthen the training and assessment of specialist theory and skills, organize examinations every year, and implement closed-book examinations for theoretical examinations, requiring practical results and not becoming a mere formality, so as to lay a good foundation for training specialist nurses.

3 Basic skills assessment: As a standardized training object, nurses are required to meet all basic skills standards within the year, and the assessment requires testing in actual work.

Renewing professional theoretical knowledge and improving the level of specialized nursing. Organize the study of professional knowledge, such as developing new technology projects and special and difficult diseases. Air conditioning updates knowledge and skills by inviting doctors to teach, searching literature, organizing nursing rounds, and discussing nursing consultations. At the same time, some nurses are sent out for further study in a planned way to improve their knowledge level.

Fourth, deepen family services and improve service quality.

(1) On the basis of cultivating nurses' daily etiquette, we should further standardize nursing operation terms and improve nurse-patient communication skills to cultivate nurses to establish a good professional image.

(2) Pay attention to the collection of nursing service demand information, and the head nurse should strengthen the conversation with patients and issue satisfaction questionnaires. , to obtain patients' needs and feedback information, put forward rectification measures in time, and at the same time motivate nurses to mobilize their work enthusiasm.

5. Continue to strengthen patients' health education and rehabilitation guidance, strengthen nurses' health education and rehabilitation knowledge training, take practical rehabilitation training measures according to the characteristics of patients admitted to our department, strengthen individualized psychotherapy, make patients recover psychologically at an early date, return to society, rebuild a better life, reduce social burden, and give full play to the public functions of work and health institutions.

Do a good job in teaching and research.

(1) Designate nurses with the title of nurse or above to be responsible for the implementation of students' teaching work, hold regular academic evaluation meetings, and listen to the opinions of teachers and interns.

(2) The head nurse is the head teacher, attaches importance to the teaching work, regularly checks the teaching attitude, sense of responsibility and teaching level of the teaching teacher, arranges small lectures, understands the completion of the internship plan, and completes the theoretical and operational examinations.

(3) Do a good job in pre-job training for students, check the teaching quality irregularly, and organize an excellent teaching teacher selection activity before the end of each internship.

Strengthen the management of hospital infection and infectious diseases; Regularly train nursing staff in the department about hospital infection and infectious diseases; Strengthen the management of all kinds of medical wastes in departments; Strictly implement the disinfection and sterilization system for all kinds of articles, surfaces and air in the ward; Pay attention to the hand disinfection of staff and patients, which must reach the standard in the monthly hospital infection monitoring. Strengthen the management of disposable medical supplies. Infectious diseases must be reported dozens of times as required to prevent hospital infection.