1. The pollution of indoor decoration materials and furniture is the main aspect of indoor air pollution at present. Paint, plywood, particleboard, foam filler, interior wall coating, plastic veneer and other materials all contain organic vapors such as formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, ethanol and chloroform, which are quite carcinogenic.
2, the pollution of the building itself, this kind of pollution is gradually detected, one is to add chemicals in the construction, (antifreeze is added in the winter construction in the north, and toxic gas ammonia seeps out). The other is radon, which is formed by radioactive substances in underground soil and stones, floor tiles and tiles of buildings. This is a colorless and odorless natural radioactive gas, which is extremely harmful to human body. According to the investigation of the National Environmental Protection Agency, radon pollution is related to 14000 deaths in the United States every year.
3. The pollution of outdoor pollutants, the serious pollution of outdoor atmosphere and the destruction of ecological environment make people's living conditions very bad and aggravate indoor air pollution.
4. Indoor air pollution caused by combustion products. Cooking and smoking are the main pollution of indoor combustion. The oil smoke in the kitchen and the smoke in cigarettes are extremely complicated. At present, more than 3800 substances have been analyzed, which exist in the air in gaseous and aerosol States. Among them, gaseous substances account for 90%, many of which are carcinogens.
5. The metabolism of human body and the volatile components of various domestic garbage are also a cause of indoor air pollution. Indoor activities, in addition to the human body itself through the respiratory tract, skin, sweat glands can discharge a large number of pollutants, other daily life, such as makeup, pest control and so on. It will also cause air pollution, so when there are too many people in the room, people will be very tired, dizzy and even go into shock. In addition, people's indoor activities will raise the indoor temperature and promote the reproduction of microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses. Especially in some primary and secondary schools.
Experts pointed out that the substances that cause indoor air pollution are divided into suspended particles and gaseous pollution sources according to their state:
1. Suspended particles: Large suspended particles such as dust and cotton wool can be filtered out by the nose and throat. As for the small suspended particles invisible to the naked eye, such as dust, fibers, bacteria, viruses, etc., they will enter the alveoli with breathing, causing a burden on the immune system and endangering health.
2. Gaseous pollution sources: Gaseous pollution sources (i.e. toxic substances) in indoor air include carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, formaldehyde and organic vapor. Gaseous pollution sources mainly come from building materials (formaldehyde), photocopiers (ozone), cigarette smoke (nicotine), detergents (cresol), solvents (toluene) and combustion products (sulfur oxides, lead). Some of them will be attached to the particles and eliminated, and most of them will be inhaled into the mouth and lungs. Medicine has confirmed that these gaseous pollution sources are the main causes of pneumonia, bronchitis, chronic lung obstruction and lung cancer.
How to avoid or reduce indoor environmental pollution
(1) When buying a house, you should pay attention to the planned use of the location of the house, the surrounding environment, whether there are polluting enterprises near the upwind direction, whether it is close to the main traffic routes, and whether the design structure, orientation, ventilation and lighting conditions of the house itself are good.
(2) Friends who are going to decorate their rooms should choose qualified formal decoration companies. Choose harmless and pollution-free decorative materials to decorate your office, and choose products from well-known brand manufacturers when buying furniture.
(3) After buying a new house and decorating it, don't rush to move in. You should check with the indoor environmental inspection department first, listen to the opinions of experts, and choose the right time to stay. For the health of the next generation, newlyweds should pay more attention to this.
(4) Choose effective indoor air purification facilities, and choose air purification devices with different functions according to different pollutants in the living room, kitchen and bathroom, such as air purifier, range hood, ozone and air negative ion generator, furniture absorbent, etc.
(5) Pay attention to the choice of sealed doors and windows, and open the window for air exchange at the right time to make outdoor air convection frequently and prevent outdoor air pollution from entering the room.
(6) Try to reduce the chances of smoking indoors, and smoke less or not.