1. What are the symptoms of pharyngitis?
1, acute pharyngitis
Acute pharyngitis is often caused by viruses, followed by bacteria. Winter and spring are the most common. Most of them are secondary to acute rhinitis, acute sinusitis and acute tonsillitis, and are often complications of infectious diseases such as measles, influenza and scarlet fever. The main symptom of adults is pharynx. At the beginning of the disease, the throat is dry, itchy, burning and gradually painful. When swallowing, it is aggravated, saliva is increased, and the lateral pharyngeal cord is involved, but there is obvious earache. Adults or children who are weak have obvious systemic symptoms, such as fever, fear of cold, headache, loss of appetite, soreness of limbs and so on.
2. Chronic pharyngitis
It is mainly due to the incomplete treatment of acute pharyngitis, which leads to repeated attacks and becomes chronic, or due to various nasal diseases, nasal congestion, long-term oral breathing, physical and chemical factors, neck radiotherapy and other frequent irritation to the pharynx. Various chronic diseases of the whole body, such as anemia, constipation, chronic inflammation of lower respiratory tract, cardiovascular diseases, etc., can also be secondary to this disease. Consciously throat discomfort, dryness, itching, abdominal distension, excessive secretion and burning pain, easy to dry evil, foreign body sensation, unable to cough and swallow, the above symptoms are aggravated after talking more, eating irritating food, fatigue or weather changes. Breathing and swallowing are smooth.
Due to the different degrees of lesions, it can be divided into chronic simple laryngitis, hypertrophic laryngitis and atrophic laryngitis.
(1) Chronic simple laryngitis
The laryngeal mucosa is diffuse congestion and swelling, and the vocal cords lose their original pearl white color, showing pink and dull edges. Thick mucus can be seen on the surface of mucous membrane, which is often connected into mucinous filaments between glottis.
(2) Hypertrophic laryngitis
The laryngeal mucosa is thick, especially in the arytenoid cartilage area, and the vocal cords are also thick, so it is impossible to get close to the midline. The ventricular band is often thick, covering some vocal cords, and the arytenoid fold can also be thickened.
(3) atrophic laryngitis
Laryngeal mucosa is dry, thin and shiny, and there are often yellow-green or black-brown dry scabs in arytenoid cartilage area and subglottic. If you cough up scab skin, you can see that there is a small amount of oozing blood on the mucosal surface, and the vocal cords become thinner and their tension is weakened.
2, the cause of pharyngitis.
The cause of pharyngolaryngitis is complicated, but it can mainly be attributed to living habits, eating habits and environmental factors. These three aspects are external causes, and internal causes include their own health status and the treatment of related diseases. Most patients are caused by the interaction of internal and external factors, and some patients are caused by one of them. Therefore, for patients with chronic pharyngitis, if we can't pay attention to and correct some bad habits and details in life in time, it will aggravate the condition and seriously affect the treatment effect. The specific reasons are as follows:
1, virus infection
Virus infection spreads through droplets and close contact, with Coxsackie virus, adenovirus and parainfluenza virus causing the most, and the pain is heavier: rhinovirus, influenza virus and so on.
2. Bacterial infection
The main bacterial infections are streptococcus, staphylococcus and pneumococcus. Among them, group A streptococcus is the most serious, bacteria or toxins enter the blood, and even purulent lesions of distant organs appear, which is called acute septic pharyngitis.
3. Physical and chemical factors
Physical and chemical factors such as high temperature, dust, smoke and irritating gas.
Pharyngolaryngitis will have a great impact on people's daily life, so what harm does pharyngolaryngitis do to the body? The harm of pharyngitis, let's take a look.
3, the harm of pharyngitis
1, which can cause systemic diseases.
In addition to sore throat, acute pharyngitis can also be manifested as fever, fear of cold, headache, general aches, loss of appetite, dry stool, dry mouth and other systemic toxic reactions. When there is bacterial infection, the number of white blood cells in the blood decreases. If the sore throat is severe and affects swallowing, it will also form nutritional and metabolic disorders in the body.
2. Speech and swallowing are affected
Patients with chronic pharyngitis often feel uncomfortable in the pharynx. When they catch a cold, are tired, or talk too much and don't drink water for a long time, they will feel sore throat and burning sensation, and their itchy throat will relieve their cough and affect their rest. If it is stuffy or atrophic pharyngitis, the throat is dry and clear, and it is also difficult to swallow saliva. You need to drink water often, even get up and drink water several times at night, but it can only temporarily relieve the symptoms and soon feel your throat dry; Some people need soup when eating to swallow hard food.
3. Snoring affects breathing retardation.
Some patients have foreign body sensation in the pharynx, and often take measures of choking and swallowing, hoping to remove the foreign body, but these ineffective measures of clearing the throat can only alleviate the original discomfort. So the patient suspects that there is a tumor in his throat, throat or esophagus, forming a heavy sense of physical burden and oppression. Others snore when they sleep because the pharyngeal mucosa thickens, which affects the delay of breathing.
4, will cause bad breath
Inflammatory secretions and bacteria can cause bad breath, which not only affects others, but also makes patients very upset. Chronic pharyngitis leads to the decrease of pharyngeal resistance. When the climate changes under cold, hot, dry and wet conditions, the warming and humidifying effect of mucous membrane is weakened, the cilia are not active enough, and bacteria and viruses are easy to stay in some parts and become slow and lovely infection lesions. As a result, these patients are prone to catch a cold and cause acute pharyngitis.
Pharyngolaryngitis is very harmful, so it is very important to prevent and treat it. How to prevent pharyngitis, let's take a look.
4. How to prevent pharyngitis
1, avoid using your voice excessively or shouting loudly, pay attention to rest, reduce labor and exercise properly. People with systemic diseases should be actively treated, and if there are diseases in the nasopharynx and oral cavity, they should be treated in time.
2, often drink cool throat-moistening drinks and eat fruits, such as sugar cane, pear, water chestnut, pomegranate and so on. Rinse your mouth with salt water every morning, or eat raw radish or cook with radish.
3. Honeysuckle, wild chrysanthemum, raw hay, Scrophularia, Ophiopogon japonicus, boat-fruited Sterculia, etc. Make tea with boiling water in a thermos cup and drink it regularly every day.
4. swallow Tianjin. Put your hands lightly on your legs, close your eyes slightly, put your tongue on your palate, calm down, breathe naturally, look at your throat, store body fluid in your mouth, and slowly swallow it until it is full, which takes 15-20 minutes.
5. Take part in sports activities in moderation, enhance physical fitness and disease resistance, and reduce the stimulation of alcohol and tobacco, but you can't rely solely on drugs.
6. Pay attention to oral hygiene, insist on brushing your teeth in the morning and evening and after meals, correct the bad habit of breathing with your mouth open, and avoid the dust in the air polluting your mouth. Rinse your mouth with light salt water in the morning and evening, and then drink a glass of light salt water to prevent infection.
7. Keep the indoor air moist and clean, do not smoke indoors, and do not put items with irritating smell. When heating with heating in winter, you should pay attention to not being too dry indoors. Before going to bed, you can use a humidifier or put a wet towel on the heater to keep the air moist.
8. Quit smoking and drinking. Alcohol and tobacco can irritate the throat and damage the body function, so we should resolutely give it up. Eat less fried and irritating food.
5, remedies to relieve pharyngitis
1, honey tea
Put a proper amount of tea leaves into a cup, make tea with boiling water, add a proper amount of honey after cooling, and drink evenly. Drink/kloc-0 every half hour for several days.
2. Gouqi porridge
Choose Lycium barbarum 15g and glutinous rice 150g. Wash glutinous rice and Lycium barbarum separately, add water, stand for 30 minutes, and cook with slow fire to make porridge. Taking 1 bowl every day has the effect of nourishing yin and moistening throat.
3, arhat fruit tea
Chop 1 Siraitia grosvenorii, brew with boiling water 10 minutes before drinking. 1~2 times a day, each time 1.
4, water chestnut radish juice
Wash and peel water chestnut, wash and cut fresh radish, and put it into a juicer to juice. Drink a few cups of juice every day for 3~5 days, which can clear away heat and relieve sore throat, open your throat and resolve phlegm.
5, sesame brown sugar porridge
Stir-fried sesame seeds and ground into fine powder. Boil porridge with japonica rice. When the porridge is cooked until it is thick, add sesame brown sugar and cook for a while. This porridge tastes delicious, and is suitable for liver and kidney deficiency, dizziness, lung dryness, cough and dry throat.
6. Boat-fruited Sterculia Shengdi Tea
Five boat-fruited Sterculia seeds, Rehmannia glutinosa 12g, 30g rock sugar, a proper amount of tea, half a bottle brewed with boiling water, and covered with 15min before drinking.
7. Sugarcane radish drink
Squeeze half a cup of fresh sugarcane juice and radish juice with a juicer, 100g fresh lily or 50g dried lily. Boil lily, mix with sugarcane juice and radish juice, and put it in refrigerator. Take 1 cup before going to bed every day, which has the effect of nourishing yin and reducing fire.