What are the stages and prone parts of pressure ulcers?

Pressure ulcers are mainly related to pressure and friction and cannot be ventilated in time. It is mainly divided into four stages, and the minor pressure sores are mainly erythema, pustule and superficial ulcer. Severe pressure sore is characterized by deep skin ulcer or pus scab, which needs external medication, such as-Suchuangfuqing bedsore Shengji Ointment. Focus on prevention. The patient at home has been bedridden for a long time. It is best to buy a special bed or use a cushion, do a good job of nursing, and treat it in time if it is found early.

Clinical staging characteristics of pressure ulcers

1, blood stasis and ruddy phase:

There are redness, swelling, heat, numbness or tenderness in the initial stage, which is harmless and reversible.

2, inflammatory infiltration period:

Venous reflux is blocked, the color turns purple, induration appears under the skin, and blisters appear on the epidermis.

3. Ulcer stage:

Thrombosis, tissue ischemia, hypoxia. Mild infection includes pus, ulcer formation and aggravated pain; In severe cases, necrotic tissue turns black, purulent secretions increase, and the smell is unpleasant. Infection often reaches the bones and even causes sepsis.

The prone parts of pressure ulcers are as follows

1, occipital tuberosity, scapula, elbow, vertebral uplift, sacrococcygeal region and heel in supine position;

2. Ear, acromion, foot, inside and outside of knee joint, inside and outside of ankle joint in lateral position;

3, prone ears, cheeks, shoulders, female breasts, male genitals, iliac crest, knees, toes;

4, sitting position, occurred in the ischial tubercle;

5, the best part is sacrococcygeal.

Daily nursing care of pressure sore

1. Strengthen basic nursing: keep the bed flat, clean and dry, keep the patient's skin clean, scrub frequently, change medicine frequently, turn over frequently, massage frequently, check frequently, and keep the temperature and humidity in the ward appropriate. Avoid defecation and wet stimulation, guide patients to use bedpans correctly, and avoid pulling.

2. Take effective preventive measures: for patients who stay in bed for a long time, use an air cushion and make a 1m× 1m millet pad. Millet is sweet, flat, slightly cold and non-toxic. Without processing, it can be washed, dried and put into cotton cloth. It can be placed on an air cushion bed and placed on the compressed part of the patient, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of pressure ulcers.

3. Strengthen the sense of responsibility of nursing staff: effectively guide patients and caregivers to enhance their subjective initiative, strengthen health education, actively cooperate with patients, give patients a high-protein and high-vitamin diet, and enhance patients' resistance and tissue repair ability.

4. Nursing care of high-risk groups: for high-risk groups such as emaciation patients and low immune function, focus on the prone parts, focus on guidance, and strictly implement the handover system.

5. Take effective treatment and nursing measures: for stage I and II pressure sores, remove the cause in time, increase the number of turning over, prevent local oppression from getting wet, wash the wound with normal saline, apply the wound with Kuaichuang Fuqing bedsore and Shengji ointment, and cover it with gauze, once a day 1 ~ 2 times.