Zhang Zhongjing talks about healthy diet.

A reasonable diet is an important part of a healthy lifestyle. Paying attention to the sexual taste of food in daily diet, especially in the process of disease prevention and rehabilitation, is related to the balance of yin and yang in the body.

Deviation of sex and taste, correcting deviation of yin and yang

There are drug therapy and food therapy to eliminate pathogenic factors and regulate the function of internal organs. Zhang Jingyue said, "If you want to save the deviant, only the deviant can do it." . The smell the doctor said was sexual. Both medicine and food have sexual taste. Using the partial taste of drugs for treatment is called medication, and using the partial taste of food for treatment is called dietotherapy.

Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica points out that drugs have five flavors: sour, salty, sweet, bitter and pungent, and cold, hot and cold. The theory of four qi and five flavors can not only guide the use of traditional Chinese medicine, but also be suitable for understanding food and guiding food selection, which is an important basis for diet and health preservation. "Su Wenliu's Jacky Ji Da Lun" contains: "Use cold to stay away from cold, use cold to stay away from cold, use warm to stay away from warm, use heat to stay away from heat, and so does diet." "Food should be the same method" emphasizes the choice of different foods according to the difference of cold, heat and cool. Zhang Zhongjing, a medical sage, recorded many food formulas for treatment in Treatise on Febrile Diseases, which shows that he attached importance to food application.

There is a chapter on "food treatment" in volume 26 of Qian Jin Fang, which points out that "as a doctor, you should know the source of the disease, know the matter, treat it with food, and then order medicine if the diet is not cured", which embodies the idea that food comes before medicine. Zhang Xichun paid more attention to the role of dietotherapy. He introduced several effective dietotherapy remedies, such as blindly drinking yam, pearl jade porridge and cake. The new book "Qin Shou Pension" says: "People's food and water, regardless of thousands of products, are endowed with five flavors of cold, heat and diarrhea, which is no different from medicine ... If people know their eating habits and use them, they are twice as good as drugs."

Sex and taste are manifested in medicine and food. Only by knowing and mastering their nature and taste can we guide the rational application of food in preventive health care.

Selection of cold, hot and cold data

Four Qi also refers to four natures, namely, cold, hot, warm and cool. Among them, cold and cool, heat and temperature are different, temperature is second to heat, and cool is second to cold. "Su Wenzhi's Great Theory" contains: "Those who are hot are cold, and those who are cold are hot." Physical recuperation of heatstroke, treatment of heatstroke, use of cold food; Cold constitution recuperates, cold syndrome is treated, and warm food is used. Cold food has the functions of nourishing yin and clearing heat, purging fire, cooling blood and detoxifying; Warm food has the functions of warming meridians, supporting yang, promoting blood circulation, dredging collaterals and dispelling cold.

Warm foods include kidney beans, mustard greens, coriander, pumpkin, longan, apricot, peach, pomegranate, dark plum, litchi, chestnut, jujube, walnut, chicken and eel. Hot foods include leek, onion, garlic, ginger, fennel, pepper, mutton and dog meat.

Warm food has the function of warming yang and dispelling cold, and is suitable for people with cold constitution and cold syndrome such as pale face, pale mouth, cold limbs, long urine and loose stool.

Cold foods include eggplant, radish, wax gourd, towel gourd, green vegetables, spinach, amaranth, celery, buckwheat, coix seed, mung bean, tofu, pear, loquat, tea, mushrooms, duck eggs and so on. Cold foods include purslane, bitter gourd, lotus root, water bamboo, persimmon, watermelon, cucumber, banana, mulberry, water chestnut, snail, crab, laver, laver and kelp. Cold food has the functions of clearing away heat, purging fire and detoxifying, and is suitable for people with heat constitution and heat syndrome characterized by red face and red eyes, dry mouth and bitter taste, liking cold drinks, short yellow urine and dry stool.

In traditional Chinese medicine, the nature of cold and heat is usually called gender equality. In the same category of medicine and food, yam, licorice, ginkgo, Euryale euryales, gastrodia elata, Hovenia dulcis Thunb, Poria cocos, lotus seeds, Polygonatum sibiricum, black sesame seeds, torreya nuts and Ziziphus jujuba seeds all belong to this category. Generally speaking, it can be used for sexual peace, which is more suitable for people with weak health, or loss of yin and yang after a long illness, or mixed symptoms of cold and heat.

Choose sour, bitter, sweet and salty according to taste.

The five flavors are sour, bitter, sweet, spicy and salty. "Su Wen Dirty Qi Law" contains: "pungent, sour, sweet, slow, bitter, firm, salty and soft ... these five flavors, pungent, sour, sweet, bitter and salty, have their own advantages, or scattered or collected, or slow or urgent, or firm or soft, and the five internal organs are always sick, which is suitable for the five flavors."

Wei Xin San Fei Yu Xin San can do it, and has the function of relieving exterior syndrome, promoting qi and promoting blood circulation. Spicy food includes ginger, onion, garlic, coriander, onion, pepper, fennel, leek, wine, lobster sauce and so on. Spicy food contains volatile oil, saponins, alkaloids and phenols. The pungent taste is divergent and easy to hurt body fluids. Spicy can stimulate gastrointestinal peristalsis, increase digestive juice secretion, and promote blood circulation and metabolism. It should be noted that overeating spicy food will stimulate gastric mucosa, and those with digestive tract ulcer, constipation, hemorrhoids and anal fissure should pay attention.

Sweet taste can tonify spleen deficiency, tonify, reconcile and slow down, and has the functions of nourishing, neutralizing, harmonizing medicinal properties and relieving pain. Sweets include beef, yam, jujube, honey, sugar cane and so on. Sweetness contains many sugars, glycosides, protein, fat and so on. Too sweet will affect appetite; Too much sugar in children is easy to cause obesity and dental caries; Too much sugar in middle-aged and elderly people will lead to an increase in blood sugar and cholesterol and induce cardiovascular diseases.

Sour taste can astringe liver-yin acid, energy and astringent mouth. Sour foods include vinegar, purslane, adzuki bean, orange, olive, apricot, hawthorn, pomegranate, dark plum, litchi, dog meat and so on. Acidity contains organic acids, tannins and so on. Proper consumption can promote appetite, strengthen spleen and appetite, enhance liver function and improve calcium and phosphorus absorption; Excessive consumption can cause gastrointestinal spasm and digestive dysfunction. Because the sour taste is hard and astringent, it is easy to accumulate evil, acute enteritis and exogenous diseases should be eaten carefully.

Bitterness purges the heart fire, which can drain, dry and strengthen, and has the functions of clearing heat, lowering adverse reactions, dredging stool, drying dampness and strengthening yin. Bitter foods include mutton, bitter gourd, tea, almond, ginkgo and peach kernel.

Bitter taste contains alkaloids and so on. Eating more will cause diarrhea, indigestion and spleen and stomach weakness.

Salty drugs for tonifying kidney often enter the kidney meridian, which has a strong effect on tonifying kidney and is used to treat kidney deficiency syndrome. Salty and soft, it has the functions of diarrhea, laxative, softening and resolving hard mass. Kelp and seaweed are often used together in the treatment of thyroid nodules. Salty foods include salt, laver, kelp, jellyfish and sea cucumber. Salty taste contains inorganic salts. After vomiting, diarrhea and sweating, drinking light salt water in moderation can prevent the lack of trace elements in the body. Eating too much salt will increase the burden on the kidneys and induce or aggravate hypertension. Salted foods such as bacon, salted fish and pickles contain a lot of nitrite, which is an important factor to induce cancer. Patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as hypertension and coronary heart disease should eat less salt and pickled products.

Four qi and five flavors are used together.

Yan Songyonghe wrote in Fang Jisheng: "Those who are good at taking their lives are sincere in harmony, so that one drink and one food enter the stomach and disappear with it, so there is no stagnation." Every food has sex and taste. Only by knowing the nature and taste, can we use it reasonably and achieve the effect of "doubling medicine"

Taking sexual temperature as an example, onion ginger is pungent and warm, and it can be pungent and warm; Hawthorn and raspberry are sour and warm, and can be astringent; Beef and jujube are warm and can nourish and strengthen. Another example is pungent taste, ginger and perilla are pungent and warm, which can dispel cold and are suitable for colds; Mulberry leaves and douchi are cool and can relieve wind-heat and are suitable for wind-heat colds.

Warming the middle warmer and dispelling cold-onion and ginger soup

Ingredients: onion 30g, ginger 30g, and brown sugar.

Practice: Wash the green onions and cut them into small pieces; Wash ginger and cut into small slices. Put all of them into the pot, add a bowl of water, and cook to half a bowl (about 150 ml). Add brown sugar and drink while it is hot.

Efficacy: Onion and ginger are warm and have the effect of warming. When flavored with brown sugar, they can warm and relieve superficial symptoms. Wind-cold syndrome characterized by aversion to cold, fever, stuffy nose, clear nose, thin and white fur and delayed pulse is suitable for use.

Clearing away heat and relieving exterior syndrome-mulberry leaf fermented soybean beverage

Ingredients: Mulberry leaf 15g, Douchi 15g.

Practice: Put mulberry leaves and lobster sauce into the pot together, add a bowl and a half of water and cook to a half bowl (about 200ml).

Efficacy: Mulberry leaves and lobster sauce are cool, can clear away heat, and can disperse spicy taste. Both of them are taken with boiled water, clearing away heat and relieving exterior syndrome, and treating wind-heat cold well. It is suitable for patients with severe fever, mild aversion to cold, swollen throat, yellow nose, thin yellow fur and floating pulse.

Wenbu mutton soup

Ingredients: 30g of Angelica sinensis, 500g of mutton, 60g of ginger and 30g of dried tangerine peel.

Practice: blanch the raw mutton in boiling water for 5 minutes, remove the blood, take it out and drain it, and cut it into small pieces; Wash ginger, peel it and pat it loose with the back of a knife; Angelica sinensis and dried tangerine peel are soaked in clear water for 20 minutes. Pour Angelica sinensis, dried tangerine peel and soaked water into a casserole, add mutton and ginger, add enough water, cover the lid, boil with strong fire, skim off the floating foam, and simmer until the mutton is cooked.

Efficacy: mutton warming; Ginger and dried tangerine peel are pungent, warming the stomach and dispelling cold; Angelica is sweet and pungent, nourishing blood and tonifying deficiency. Various food combinations are effective dietotherapy for warming and nourishing deficiency, which can be used for women's postpartum deficiency and cold, and can also be used to treat mental fatigue, weak waist and knees, and cold hands and feet. Eating it by people with cold body is helpful to tonify deficiency, warm the body and improve cold resistance.