Parvovirus belongs to parvovirus family, belonging to parvovirus family. Parvovirus is represented by mouse virus. Its main members include Aleutian virus (ADV), bovine parvovirus (BPV), feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), mink enteritis virus (MEV), canine parvovirus (CPV), rabbit parvovirus (LPV), porcine parvovirus (PPV), goose parvovirus (GPV) and muscovy duck parvovirus (MPV). So far, only a few viruses have been found to cause infectious diseases with obvious clinical symptoms, and most of them are latent or persistent.
Parvovirus particles are three-dimensional symmetrical icosahedron without envelope. Its DNA accounts for about 25% ~ 34% of the total weight of virus particles, its molecular weight is1.4×106 ~1.7×106 u (atomic mass unit), and its sedimentation coefficient is 23 ~ 27s. Parvovirus has strong resistance to external physical and chemical factors. Almost all parvoviruses have the characteristics of agglutinating red blood cells, and hemagglutination and hemagglutination inhibition tests are the methods to distinguish viruses and diagnose diseases.
Porcine parvovirus can only be cultured and proliferated in cells from pigs (including primary pig kidney, pig testis cells and subcultured PK- 15) and some human subcultured cells (such as Hela, KB, HEp-2, 1 132, etc.). ). Canine parvovirus can proliferate in many different types of cells; Only goose embryos and muscovy duck embryos can be used for preliminary isolation of goose parvovirus.
At present, natural infection immunity and immunization are mainly used to prevent porcine parvovirus disease. Immune sales of porcine parvovirus NADL-2 strain attenuated vaccine and aluminum hydroxide gel inactivated vaccine. To prevent canine parvovirus disease, attenuated vaccines of Canine V or Canine VI are mostly used at present. [Edit this paragraph] Parvovirus is the second biggest disease after dogs get it, and the cure rate is very small.
The continuous spread of parvovirus has seriously endangered the lives of urban animals such as Yingkou, Changchun and Harbin. This virus can't be saved by spending much money. At present, there are no specific measures for this disease in the world. I hope that the majority of dog lovers will pay attention! ! ! The cure rate of this disease is not 100%, which is equivalent to human SARS, so we have to try it. Once infected with this virus, the owner of the dog should prepare for the worst.
Canine parvovirus disease is a serious intestinal infectious disease in dogs, which causes vomiting, diarrhea (bloody stool), loss of appetite, high fever and dehydration, resulting in the death of puppies and elderly dogs.
The source of canine parvovirus is still unknown. Because there is no medicine for parvovirus, it only needs symptomatic treatment. Doing a good job in environmental sanitation and vaccination will help prevent the spread of this disease. In addition, dogs must be injected with six vaccines on time to prevent it!
[Clinical manifestations]
Dogs developed somatic symptoms within 3- 14 days after exposure to parvovirus, with an average onset time of 5-7 days. Clinical symptoms include loss of appetite, depression, fever, vomiting and diarrhea. Adult dogs don't necessarily have fever at first, but often have loss of appetite, depression, vomiting and diarrhea (after 24 hours), and sometimes they repeatedly vomit violently, and their feces are thin, sprayed or bloody. The mortality rate of adult dogs is 2-3%. The death rate of puppies (shock caused by high dehydration) is 25-50%. Therefore, early rehydration is the key to treatment.
Dogs infected with parvovirus can be divided into enteritis type and myocarditis type.
Enteritis type: the incubation period of natural infection is 7 days to 14 days, with initial fever, body temperature above 40℃, listlessness, no eating and vomiting. At first, the vomit was food, and later it was a viscous yellow-green liquid. Diarrhea began one day after onset. At the beginning of the disease, the feces are thin and mushy. With the development of the disease, the feces are ketchup-colored or coffee-colored, with a foul smell, and the frequency of defecation is uncertain, with symptoms of first urgency and then heaviness. After bloody stool, the sick dog showed eye drops, dry nose, general weakness, obvious weight loss, pallor of conjunctiva and oral mucosa, and severe anemia symptoms. If the disease is not treated in time, it can cause toxin absorption and poisoning of intestinal contents until death by shock.
Myocarditis type: more common in puppies around 40 days old. The sick dogs have no obvious clinical symptoms, and some of them suddenly have difficulty breathing and heart failure, and die in a short time; Some sick dogs died after mild diarrhea. The newborn puppies infected with parvovirus have heart disease, which can quickly destroy the myocardial cells of puppies. Then, asthma, cyanosis of oral mucosa and skin, and sometimes sudden failure and death are the only symptoms of this disease in puppies. Due to permanent myocardial injury, tolerant puppies can still die of the disease weeks or even months after infection.
[Transmission of Parvovirus]
Parvovirus can be transmitted through feces. Parvovirus disease mostly occurs in parks, dog shows, kennels, pet hospitals and other places where dogs gather. Although people will not be infected with parvovirus, shoes contaminated by feces also play a role in spreading diseases.
Dogs that have not been vaccinated may get sick once they are exposed to parvovirus. This virus can withstand high temperature and survive in soil and cages for a long time. Once infected with parvovirus, it is difficult to remove it.
[Diagnosis of Parvovirus]
There are many reasons why dogs vomit and diarrhea. The diagnosis of parvovirus is usually indirect exclusion. According to clinical symptoms, brown and tomato-colored blood has a special odor. Blood phase changes, red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit decrease, and white blood cells are not higher than daily values? In the case of secondary bacterial infection, the specific diagnosis method can make the final diagnosis. Now a diagnostic reagent basin has been produced, which can detect the virus in feces.
After dogs were infected with parvovirus, the number of white blood cells decreased (down to 5000 /mm3), which is not enough to prove that dogs have parvovirus disease. But when the dog's white blood cell count is less than 2000/mm3, the dog's life is in danger.
[Treatment of Parvovirus]
There is no best way to treat parvovirus. Most veterinarians take supportive therapy. For example, intravenous infusion or electrolyte supplementation can relieve dehydration, drugs can relieve intestinal spasm, and antibiotics can prevent secondary infection. Unfortunately, there is no drug to kill parvovirus in the body at present. A healthy dog can get lifelong immunity.
The key to save the sick dog is to insist on infusion treatment for 3-5 days, during which the sick dog is forbidden to fast and drink water. When the sick dog stopped vomiting for 48 hours, he slowly resumed his diet. Most dogs can be cured as long as doctors treat them properly and their owners take good care of them.
Try "Wu Bai Decoction" treatment. Received excellent curative effect, which is introduced as follows.
Prescription Pulsatilla 15g, Mume 15g, Coptidis Rhizoma 5g, Cortex Phellodendri 5g, Radix Curcumae 10g, and Fructus Chebulae 10g.
Usage: add water 1000 g to the top, fry for several times, and take the soup until it is warm, one dose a day. If the sick dog vomits too violently, metoclopramide injection can be injected about 2 hours before taking it; If the sick dog is seriously dehydrated, it should be supplemented with infusion treatment. From the symptoms, the prescription of canine parvovirus enteritis is caused by heat toxin accumulating in gastrointestinal tract and invading blood. Pulsatilla chinensis can clear blood, divide water, clear heat, stop bleeding and stop dysentery; Yujin breaks blood stasis and promotes qi circulation, relieving gastrointestinal stasis and heat; These two drugs are the main drugs. Coptidis Rhizoma and Cortex Phellodendri are supplemented by clearing heat and drying dampness; Mume and terminalia chebula are adjuvant drugs for nourishing blood, astringing yin and preventing collapse. This prescription has the effects of clearing heat, removing blood stasis, stopping dysentery and astringing yin, and is very suitable for treating canine parvovirus enteritis.
This prescription was used to treat 15 dog owners 18 sick dogs, and 15 cases were cured, most of which were cured by 3-5 doses.
In addition, the disease is mainly prevention. Canine parvovirus disease can be treated with special therapy at an early stage. At present, many domestic scientific research units have developed monoclonal antibodies and antiserum against canine parvovirus, which can be used in clinic and achieved good therapeutic effects. Rehydration, hemostasis, antiemesis and prevention of secondary infection. Available sugar salt water; Hemostasis, vitamin K 1, vitamin k3; Metoclopramide; Gentamicin, kanamycin and sulfonamides, symptomatic treatment. Blood transfusion therapy also has a good therapeutic effect on this disease.