Food poisoning is a food-borne disease, so how to deal with food and choose food at home plays a key role in preventing food poisoning.
I. Precautions for Summer Diet
1, to identify whether the food has gone bad.
With the increase of temperature, the growth and reproduction of various bacteria in food are accelerated, and they are more likely to rot and deteriorate. If you eat unclean and stale food, it is easy to cause food poisoning, acute gastritis, stomach pain, abdominal distension and vomiting.
One trick is to observe the appearance of food. Deteriorated food will have different colors, soft or hard. If the food is obviously discolored, moldy or sticky, this is a clear signal-stop eating! Be vigilant, because visible problems are often the source of food poisoning.
2. Don't eat overnight dishes
It is best to "buy, cook and eat" food and eat it as soon as possible after processing. Leftovers overnight and after meals should be fully heated and cooked before eating. Once food is found to be rotten, spoiled and stale, it should be forbidden to eat.
Especially cold dishes, without heating, ingredients and processing will bring in some bacteria. It will be mixed with bacteria when you eat it. Even if you put it in the refrigerator, these bacteria will not be killed. On the contrary, some bacteria will continue to multiply, take it out and eat it directly, which is easy to get food poisoning.
3. Cook the food thoroughly.
Food is fully heated and cooked. Try not to eat any meat and eggs raw, it is easy to be infected with parasites and salmonella. Only thorough cooking can kill all kinds of germs, and heating is to ensure that the temperature of all parts of food reaches at least 70 degrees Celsius. But when you find that food has gone bad, don't eat it any more, because some toxins produced by microorganisms can't be destroyed by heating.
4. Clean the refrigerator regularly.
Although the refrigerator has a low temperature, it is also an "excellent" place for some bacteria to breed, such as Listeria. It is an anaerobic bacterium and one of the most deadly food-borne pathogens. Especially pregnant women and the elderly with low immunity. Food safety is no small matter, I hope everyone can spend the hot summer healthily and safely!
5. Be careful to eat wild mushrooms
Fungi, especially wild fungi, are delicious, tender and rich in various nutrients, and are frequent visitors to the table of foodies. But there are huge potential risks in eating wild mushrooms. Poisonous wild bacteria have complex components, and symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, salivation and tears, acute anemia, serious organ damage and insanity often appear after eating poisoning.
Ensure that edible fungi are only purchased through formal purchase channels such as supermarkets, shopping malls and fixed farmers' markets.
6. Don't make fermented rice noodles yourself.
Including naturally fermented glutinous rice balls, hanging rice cakes, corn flour and so on. High humidity environment will bring Pseudomonas cocoanum. Once the food is contaminated, the death rate of rice yeast acid will reach more than 50%.
Soaking Auricularia auricula and Tremella fuciformis for a long time will also bring opportunities for the reproduction of Pseudomonas cocoanum, produce fatal rice fermentation acid, and cause abdominal pain, abdominal distension and severe vomiting.
Second, common food poisoning in summer
1, Salmonella food poisoning
Summer is the season when Salmonella is easily infected, which is mostly caused by animal food, especially livestock meat and its products, followed by poultry meat, eggs, milk and its products.
Diarrhea is watery stool several times a day.
Often accompanied by fever, the body temperature is 38℃ ~ 40℃ or higher.
2, Bacillus cereus food poisoning
It is commonly found in leftovers, rice flour, liqueur, dessert, milk and meat, mainly because of the high storage temperature and long storage time before eating.
There are two main forms of expression:
Vomiting type: mainly nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain.
Diarrhea type: mainly manifested as abdominal pain, diarrhea and watery stool.
3, Vibrio parahaemolyticus food poisoning
It mainly exists in marine fish, shrimp, crab, shellfish and other seafood, and is easily induced by factors such as high temperature in summer and stale food.
The main manifestations are acute abdominal pain and diarrhea.
Fever, nausea, vomiting, etc.
4. Rice yeast acidosis
Fermented rice flour products made in summer and autumn are easy to be infected with Pseudomonas cocoanum, so it is recommended not to make or eat fermented rice flour food. Tremella and auricularia should be ready for use at any time. Don't eat auricularia or tremella soaked for a long time to keep the ingredients fresh.
The main manifestations are epigastric discomfort, nausea, vomiting, mild diarrhea, dizziness and general weakness.
In severe cases, jaundice, hepatomegaly, subcutaneous hemorrhage, hematemesis, hematuria, oliguria, unconsciousness, restlessness, convulsions, convulsions, shock and even death occur, and generally there is no fever.
Third, how to save yourself from food poisoning?
1, stop eating poisoned food immediately and go to the nearest hospital for treatment as soon as possible;
2. If the symptoms are serious, you can call 120 for help. The sooner you go to the hospital, the better for the rescue.
3, the treatment of food poisoning is mainly to remove poison, control infection, symptomatic treatment as soon as possible;
4. When you save yourself at home, you can use emergency vomiting method to eliminate poisons as soon as possible, such as stimulating the pharynx with chopsticks or fingers to help induce vomiting;
5. Pay attention to the preservation of suspicious food and patient vomit that cause poisoning, report to the local market supervision department and health administrative department in time, and assist in the investigation and handling of food poisoning incidents.
Finally, let's review it again: when it's time to cook, don't be reluctant to throw it away, don't eat delicacies indiscriminately, and be careful with homemade food.