Abstract: With the development of modern medicine, the biomedical model has changed to the social-psychological-biomedical model, and the importance of holistic nursing has become more and more obvious.
Patients are no longer satisfied with the traditional nursing technical services, but have higher requirements for the quality of medical staff, and the holistic nursing model came into being.
Combined with practice, this paper discusses the characteristics of holistic nursing and the basic countermeasures for implementing holistic nursing.
[Keywords:] Holistic nursing; Clinical practice; Basic countermeasures
With the improvement of people's living standards, the concept of health has changed greatly, and the medical model has also changed from the original biological model to the biological-medical-psychological model. Nursing is no longer a single disease around patients, but a whole with physiological, psychological, social, cultural and spiritual needs.
Nursing work is an important part of medical and health work. In order to adapt to the change of medical model and meet the growing health needs of the people, nurses constantly change their concepts, improve their service level, apply professional knowledge and skills, and strive to implement holistic care for patients both physically and mentally.
1. The concept of holistic nursing
Holistic nursing is a working mode which is guided by modern nursing concepts and centered on nursing procedures, and systematizes all aspects of clinical nursing and nursing management.
Holistic nursing is a guiding ideology of nursing behavior, which is people-centered, guided by modern nursing concepts and based on nursing procedures, and systematically applied to clinical nursing and nursing management. The goal of holistic nursing is to provide the "best care" suitable for people according to their physiological, psychological, social, cultural and spiritual needs.
2. The characteristics of holistic nursing
2. 1 Take patients as service objects to carry out nursing work.
In the process of nursing, the staff should make correct nursing plans according to different diseases, conditions, educational level and social status of different patients. What's wrong with you? Right again? People? Comprehensive nursing plan, so that nursing work can be done well? Care about people and treat them differently? Are these two kinds of adjuvant therapies really done? Patient-centered, all for the patient? .
2.2 Pay attention to the influence of social life and environmental factors on disease changes.
Pay attention to mobilize the subjective initiative of patients or clients, and teach them disease prevention knowledge in the process of treating patients' diseases and solving clients' health problems to prevent the occurrence of diseases.
2.3 Take the nursing concept as the code of conduct for nursing work.
Nursing work consists of five links: evaluation, diagnosis, planning, implementation and evaluation. At the same time, the whole nursing process is standardized by filling in various standard forms.
Through the evaluation of nursing work, it can promote the improvement of nursing quality and the standardization of nursing process.
3. Basic countermeasures of implementing holistic nursing.
3. 1 adhere to the principle of patient-centered, and carry out comprehensive care for patients according to physiological, psychological and social medical models to ensure that patients get high-quality care.
Carry out patient-centered holistic nursing work and establish? All for the patient, all for the patient, all for the patient? In the past, nurses only cared about diseases but not patients, and only carried out doctor's orders without using nursing knowledge for comprehensive nursing. Besides cooperating with treatment, nurses should also strengthen basic nursing, provide health education, psychological care and psychological care for patients, and guide patients to recover as soon as possible.
3.2 Formulate the nursing concept, corresponding working system and employee responsibilities.
Firstly, the code of conduct that nurses in the whole hospital must abide by is formulated, that is, the nursing concept of guiding nursing service.
Secondly, the management system and nurses adapted to the holistic nursing model should be formulated, and the active nursing content should be increased. The daily work of nurses should be comprehensively evaluated according to their responsibilities, so as to help nurses develop professionally and improve their professional level.
3.3 Strictly implement nursing procedures.
Nursing procedure is the core of holistic nursing, including the following steps:
First of all, evaluation.
After the patient was hospitalized, the nurse learned about the patient's physical, psychological, social and mental health problems through medical history, physical examination and experimental examination, collected data, and found and confirmed the patient's health problems.
Second, diagnosis.
According to the evaluation data, the nurse determines the patient's existing or potential health problems that can be solved by nursing methods.
Again, plan.
According to the nursing diagnosis, nurses design expected goals and nursing measures to be taken, and make nursing plans and nursing education plans.
Finally, implementation and evaluation.
Nurses in each class should implement predetermined nursing measures according to the nursing plan and make nursing records.
Regularly evaluate the nursing effect and the completion of nursing plan, and solve problems in time when found.
Holistic nursing is a concept, and the extension of the concept is holistic medicine.
Although nurses spend a lot of time on theoretical training, the concept of holistic nursing cannot be understood overnight. No matter hospital leaders, doctors, nursing managers and nurses, they should regard it as a kind of work belief and values.
It is the essence of holistic nursing to take patients as the center and carry out clinical nursing practice management and education reform with systematic and holistic methods.
Holistic nursing is not only the reform of nursing discipline, but also the commitment made by hospitals and even the whole medical institutions to society.
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