Myopia prevention and control scheme is divided into two aspects: prevention and control.
First, prevent myopia:
1, insist on outdoor sports in the sun for two hours every day.
Outdoor activities in the sun are an important way to prevent myopia. Children and adolescents should obey the arrangement of parents and teachers and ensure that they have more than two hours of outdoor activities every day. It is worth noting that after research, it is found that outdoor activities can prevent myopia, but they have no effect on controlling the progress of myopia. If myopia has occurred, outdoor activities are invalid.
2. Keep correct and good eye habits.
Keep correct reading and writing posture, and incorrect reading and writing posture will increase the risk of myopia. When reading and writing, you should choose tables and chairs suitable for your sitting height, have good lighting conditions, pay attention to good eye hygiene, and follow the principles of "three ones" and "20-20-20". Three one principles: one foot, one punch and one inch. When reading and writing, keep your chest away from the table, your eyes one foot away from the book and your fingers one inch away from the pen tip. 20-20-20 principle: Look out 5 meters away with your eyes at close range every 20 minutes for 20 seconds.
Doing these two points well will play a positive role in preventing myopia.
3. Ensure adequate sleep and reasonable nutrition.
Adequate sleep and reasonable nutrition are the basis to ensure the health of vision. Children and adolescents should obey the schedules of parents and teachers, and the sleep time of primary school students should reach 10 hours, 9 hours for junior high school students and 8 hours for senior high school students. Usually, you should be balanced in nutrition, not picky eaters, not partial eclipse, not overeating, eating less sugar and eating more fresh fruits and vegetables.
Second, control myopia:
Once myopia is diagnosed, it should be corrected actively to avoid further deterioration of vision. Wearing glasses is a common method to correct vision at present, but what glasses to wear should be guided by professionals. After vision correction, we should continue to urge children to adhere to good eye habits, conduct regular eye examinations, and do a good job in vision protection to prevent myopia from getting worse.
1. Choose myopia control products suitable for children.
Frame glasses-single lenses, double lenses, lenses with peripheral defocus design and progressive multifocal glasses-must be fitted in regular professional stores. If you put a pair of unqualified glasses on your child, not only can you not control myopia, but it will also lead to further growth of myopia.
Corneal contact lens-soft lens, RGP, orthokeratology lens and other products. Fitting contact lenses, especially orthokeratology lenses, is a medical act, and it must be fitted in a qualified eye clinic or clinic. Orthokeratology mirror is a product with good myopia control effect at present.
Medicine -0.0 1% atropine. A large number of clinical studies have shown that atropine is effective in controlling myopia in children. The higher the concentration, the better the prevention and control effect of myopia, but the higher the concentration, the greater the side effects and the more serious the rebound after stopping using it. However, 0.0 1% atropine is relatively safe and the control effect is ideal.
It is worth noting that the US Food and Drug Administration in China has not approved the use of low concentration atropine to control the progression of myopia in children.
2. Beware of the false propaganda that myopia can be cured.
So far, there is no cure for myopia in medicine. Only through scientific correction and improvement of eye habits can myopia be avoided. Don't believe in propaganda and commercial marketing that can cure myopia. Unscientific disposal may lead to further deterioration of children's vision, and even cause serious consequences such as eye infection or trauma.
References:
Tang Zhiping meiying 1. Prevention and control of children's myopia-from entry to mastery. Beijing: People's Health Publishing House.
2. The national comprehensive prevention and control courseware for myopia of children and adolescents of the Ministry of Education
3, the Ministry of education children and adolescents myopia control health education core information