Xi is the first batch of national historical and cultural cities announced by the State Council. More than ten dynasties established their capitals here in history. It is one of the four ancient capitals in the world, and it is one of the capitals with the most dynasties, the longest time and the greatest influence in China history? .
2. Nanjing, referred to as "Ning", was called Jinling and Jiankang in ancient times. It is the capital of Jiangsu, a sub-provincial city and the core city of Nanjing metropolitan area. It is an important central city, an important scientific research and education base and a comprehensive transportation hub in eastern China approved by the State Council.
Historically, Nanjing has benefited and suffered from its unique geographical location and extraordinary geomantic scenery. In the past, Nanjing suffered many military disasters, but it also rebuilt its prosperity from the ruins many times. When China was occupied by foreigners and the Han nationality was about to suffer extinction, the Han nationality usually chose Nanjing to recuperate and aspire to the Northern Expedition and restore China.
Daming and the success of the second Northern Expedition in the Republic of China; In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Xiao Liang and Liu Song were defeated in the Northern Expedition. At the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty, in order to restore the Central Plains, the ministers unanimously agreed to take Jiankang as the capital. They regretted that Song Gaozong had no intention of the Northern Expedition and decided to go to Lin 'an, but forced by public opinion, they decided to make Jinling the capital. The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom takes Nanjing as its capital, and it also takes the expulsion of alien rule as one of its mobilization bases and legitimacy.
Therefore, Nanjing is regarded as the revival place of the Han nationality and has a special position and value in the history of China. Therefore, after comparing the four ancient capitals of Chang 'an, Luoyang, Jinling and Yanjing, Mr. Zhu Dai said: "These four metropolitan cities are rich in literature, handsome in people, beautiful in mountains and rivers and magnificent in weather, which is closely related to the national crisis, especially Jinling."
Beijing is an ancient capital with a history of more than 3000 years. It has different titles in different dynasties, with roughly more than 20 nicknames.
Yan Dou, according to historical records, was sealed to Yan in 1 122 BC after Zhou Wuwang destroyed the business. Yan Dou is named after being the capital of ancient Yan State. Among the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period, there is Yan State, which is said to be named after its proximity to Yanshan Mountain, and its capital is called "Yan Dou". Youzhou, one of the ancient Kyushu. The name of Youzhou was first seen in Shangshu Shundian: "Yan is called Youzhou." Youzhou was established in Han, Wei, Jin and Tang Dynasties, and all of them were ruled in Beijing.
Beijing, the capital, refers to the capital of the whole country. After Beijing became the capital, it was also called the capital. In the first year of Emperor Taizong of Liao Dynasty (938), Nanjing, also known as Yanjing, upgraded the original Youzhou to Youdu House as the capital of Liao country. The capital of Liao was in Beijing at that time. Most of them were rebuilt in the Yuan Dynasty, centering on the Golden Palace and the present Beihai Park. Yuan Shizu changed its name to Dadu in the 9th year of Yuan Dynasty (1272), commonly known as Dadu in Yuan Dynasty.
Beiping was the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1368). After Zhu Yuanzhang destroyed the Yuan Dynasty, in order to record the achievements of pacifying the North, most areas of the Yuan Dynasty were renamed Beiping. Beijing, the first year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1403), after Judy Yongle, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, ascended the throne, he changed the fief of Beiping to Shuntianfu, built Beijing City, and prepared to move the capital here. This is the beginning of the official naming of Beijing with a history of more than 600 years.
Shi Jing moved his capital to Beijing in the 18th year of Yongle (1420), and was renamed Shi Jing in the Qing Dynasty. In the Republic of China, Shuntian abandoned Jingzhao and put Jingzhao, which included most parts of Beijing. In the seventeenth year of the Republic of China (1928), Jingzhao was abolished and Beijing was changed to Beiping.
4. Kaifeng, referred to as "Bianzhou", was called Laoqiu, Bianzhou and Bianliang in ancient times. It is a prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of Henan Province, a cultural tourism city approved by the State Council, and one of the central cities in the core area of Central Plains urban agglomeration.
5. Luoyang, referred to as Luoyi and Luo Jing for short, is a prefecture-level city in Henan Province, with a total area of 15230 square kilometers, including 803 square kilometers in the urban area, 179 kilometers from east to west and 168 kilometers from north to south in Henan Province. It spans the north and south banks of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, bordering Zhengzhou in the east, Sanmenxia in the west, Jiaozuo in the north and Pingdingshan and Nanyang in the south.
Baidu encyclopedia -Xi' an
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