Children's health knowledge
Dental health care
Tooth development depends on two stages: first, from the second month of the fetus to birth, which is the development period of deciduous teeth; Second, from birth to 8 years old, it is the period of permanent tooth formation. In these two stages, it is advisable to arrange more bean products, milk, fish and shrimp and various vegetables to ensure strong teeth and less gum disease. In addition, get in touch with the sun, brush your teeth and rinse your mouth frequently. Correcting bad habits such as "eating fingers", "biting lips" and "licking tongue" is also the key to dental care.
Language development
There are two languages: spoken and written. The key period of children's oral development is 2-3 years old, and 4-5 years old enters the decisive stage of written language development. Babies usually learn to babble when they are eight to nine months old. 1 year-old, they can master 900 to 1000 words and develop rapidly. In this issue, Qin Ying talked with him and taught him to read, so as to enhance his ability of reciting and dialogue and prepare for school.
Prevention and treatment of stuttering
Stuttering, commonly known as "stuttering", mostly occurs between 2 and 5 years old, so 2 to 5 years old is the best age to prevent and treat the disease. Measures include: paying attention to language training, allowing children to master more vocabulary and enhance their expressive ability; Parents themselves should also pay attention to language expression and give their children a correct learning example.
Correct sb's strabismus
When healthy children are examined at the age of 2 ~ 3, amblyopia and strabismus can be found as soon as possible for early correction. The secret is that the key age for children's vision development is 1 ~ 3 years old. Taking esotropia as an example, a group of surgical treatment data shows that all patients over 2 years old who underwent surgery have different degrees of visual impairment.
Prevention of myopia
The research shows that the peak of myopia is from 10 to 13 in recent years, and preventive measures should be taken from the following aspects: First, supplement nutrition. In addition to protein and vitamins, elements such as calcium and chromium have been proved to be essential substances for eyeball development, and milk, bean products, animal liver and beef are also essential foods for children. The second is to limit sugar, which is an acidic food, which will consume calcium in the body and induce myopia; Third, get enough sleep to maintain the functional balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves; Fourth, do more sports, such as flying kites, playing badminton, playing table tennis and other sports activities to promote blood supply and metabolism of eye tissues.
Children's health care knowledge in summer
1. In summer, the weather is hot, bacteria multiply quickly, and food is easily contaminated after being put on hold. If children eat by mistake, it will cause serious gastrointestinal diseases.
2. Children wear thin clothes in summer, which is easy to move. Curiosity makes them like scratching, and bacteria will be unconsciously brought into the digestive tract through contaminated hands and articles, thus causing gastrointestinal diseases.
3. The days are long and the nights are short in summer, and the sleep time is reduced; The hot weather leads to decreased appetite, reduced food intake, and eating more light food, which leads to insufficient intake of protein and decreased resistance.
4. Children are in the stage of growth and development, and all the nutrients they need are absorbed by the digestive tract, which is a heavy burden and prone to digestive dysfunction.
5. Children's digestive tract is underdeveloped, with less gastric acid and digestive enzyme secretion, lower digestive enzyme activity and poor digestion ability of food, which can't adapt to the great changes of food substance and quantity.
Common sense of infant health care
First, avoid catching a cold:
There are many cold waves in winter, and the temperature changes greatly. Children are prone to catch a cold and often cause many serious diseases, such as myocarditis, lobar pneumonia and acute nephritis. So keep your child warm in winter to avoid catching a cold.
Second, protect the skin:
Winter is cold and dry, children's skin loses more water, sebaceous glands secrete less, and the skin is easy to dry and itch. Let children eat more fruits and vegetables, drink more boiled water, wash hands, feet and face with hot water, and apply skin cream appropriately.
Third, pay attention to the room temperature:
The suitable temperature for human body in winter is 18℃. If it is higher than 23 degrees Celsius, people will feel dizzy and tired. In addition, if the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is large, it is easy to catch a cold.
Fourth, get more sunshine:
Ultraviolet rays in the sun can kill viruses and bacteria on the surface of the human body, help children absorb calcium and phosphorus, and enhance the body's disease resistance. In addition, sunlight can also increase the oxygen content of red blood cells and enhance the skin's thermoregulation ability, as well as enhance the activity function of the nervous system and the physique of young children.
Five, don't sit cold:
In winter, the ground temperature is very low, and when children sit on it, a lot of heat will be lost in the body, which is easy to catch a cold. When winter comes, don't take your children outdoors for fear of freezing. Go out to play more when the weather is fine, and take him to the park to bask in the sun as long as it is sunny. On the one hand, it promotes the absorption of calcium, on the other hand, it breathes fresh air outside the house. In winter, around noon when the sun is calm, you can walk outdoors for about 20-30 minutes.
Matters needing attention in children's health care knowledge
Open up a world, let children play at home, put his toys and books, let him move freely and happily, often open the window for air, add and subtract clothes in time, take off your coat when sleeping, cover it with a warm and breathable quilt, and use a vest sleeping bag at night to prevent the quilt from catching cold.
Pay attention to warm facilities. The most suitable room temperature for children is about 25 degrees Celsius. It is best to have a thermometer at home to observe the temperature changes at any time. Don't point the warm air port of the air conditioner or heater directly at the baby. It's best to open the closed window every two or three hours to let the air circulate normally. In addition, using air conditioner or heater will dry the air, so it is best to put a glass of water nearby to keep the humidity.
When the temperature is low in winter, children have less opportunities to play outdoors, and are prone to vitamin D deficiency, colds and excessive internal heat. Give children cod liver oil, increase diet nutrition and improve resistance. If you have already got angry, you can take drugs to remove the fire, such as Radix Isatidis and Taiji Pills, or you can cook porridge with fresh lilies and add some rock sugar, which tastes delicious and fails to remove the fire. Drink more sparerib soup, chicken soup, fish soup and other soups to enhance resistance and prevent colds. Insist on washing your face with cold water every morning, often open the window to breathe, and keep the indoor air fresh, which is very good for your baby's health.
The winter climate is dry, and the baby's skin is very delicate. Besides drinking more water and eating more fruits and vegetables, it is also important to have proper skin care products. Winter climate is characterized by low temperature, low air humidity, more northerly winds and frequent cold air activities. There are many opportunities for the ears, nose and mouth of human head and face to come into contact with air. If we do not pay attention to protection, it is easy to produce some diseases.
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