The Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education points out: "Environment (including dormitory environment, of course) is an important educational resource, which should be created and effectively used to promote the development of young children." It requires teachers not only to create, but also to make full and effective use of the "environment" as an educational resource.
1. Indoor layout should be proper.
At the beginning of school, each class in our garden carefully arranged the dormitory environment according to the age characteristics of the children in this class. Through observation, it is found that the dormitory environment layout of many classes looks neat and beautiful, which is very ornamental, but its practical value is not high. The layout of the dormitory should give children a warm and quiet feeling, which is easy to stabilize their emotions.
2. The light should be soft
The light in children's dormitory directly affects the speed at which children fall asleep. I did a comparative experiment during my nap. Experiments have found that children generally fall asleep slowly when the light is too strong, and in recent years, there have been scientific proofs that too strong light during sleep will cause vision loss, and long-term sleep in such an environment will also cause the decline of immune function. Therefore, teachers should give full consideration to children's various factors, configure suitable curtains for the dormitory, and ensure the proper lighting in the dormitory.
The air should be fresh.
Fresh air has a rich guiding effect on the body and brain. The fresh air in the dormitory can promote blood circulation and help food digestion. At the same time, fresh air can calm the nerves and let children have a more peaceful and beautiful sleep. In order to ensure the air quality of the dormitory, we ask the teacher to open the window regularly every day for ventilation, but the window must be closed before leaving the park.
4. The temperature should be appropriate
Children's sleeping environment is around 25 degrees. Too low or too high a temperature is not conducive to children's sleep, and teachers should ensure the temperature of the dormitory. For example, when the weather is hot, turn on the fan and blow it half an hour before entering the dormitory to ensure that the children feel comfortable when entering the lunch break room. In my opinion, as long as the teacher creates a warm and comfortable environment for the children with love, the dormitory for taking a nap will definitely become the cradle for the healthy growth of the children.
Second, organize children to take a nap in a planned and purposeful way.
Don't let your child do strenuous exercise before taking a nap to stabilize his mood. Organize the child to urinate to eliminate the child's physiological interference. Then, let the child gently enter the nap room and go to bed quietly.
The teacher on duty must carefully understand the individual differences of children's sleep, "prescribe the right medicine", treat children with different personalities with a correct attitude, carry out personalized treatment according to children's different personalities and needs, carefully observe the children's dynamics, and master the situation of children's nap. For individual children with frequent urination, wake them up to urinate in time, especially when the children drink more water and soup at lunch to avoid wetting the bed; For children who go to bed late and get up early, don't want to sleep at noon, and are still full of energy, we adopt two methods: one is to postpone their nap for a few minutes, let them fold papers and read books beside the teacher, let the excited nervous system calm down slowly, and let the quiet atmosphere around them arouse his drowsiness and fall asleep naturally; The other is to let children do some quiet activities in the activity room. In this process, children are required to learn to control themselves and avoid making noise. Teachers are not allowed to sleep or doze off. They should anticipate possible problems at any time, be aware of them, plan ahead, pay close attention to children's movements, and cover them as soon as possible when they find children kicking quilts. For individual children who fall asleep slowly, whisper or play tricks, we should encourage them to fall asleep quietly through hints, whispers or caresses, and create a quiet nap atmosphere so that every child can get a full and reasonable rest. For children who cry, refuse to go to bed or fall asleep slowly, teachers should not only play light music, tell stories and say nursery rhymes as soon as possible, but also take caressing measures to encourage them to fall asleep as soon as possible. Arrange children who fall asleep quickly or quietly in the next bed to play a driving role. Children who are active and fall asleep slowly should not be arranged together, which is not conducive to the management of siesta; You can also use "little red flowers" and "little red flags" to reward children who fall asleep quickly and make progress in time, which can effectively promote children who sleep less and fall asleep slowly to fall asleep as soon as possible.
Third, do a good job in the safety escort of children during their nap.
1. Be vigilant and nip in the bud.
Teachers should overcome the paralyzed thought that children will be fine when they sleep and concentrate all their energy on duty, because lunch break is also a time when children are prone to safety accidents. When the child takes a nap, the teacher must check back and forth "listening", "watching", "touching" and "doing": "listening" means listening to whether the child's breathing is normal; "Second look" is to look at the child's demeanor, closely observe whether the child's movements are abnormal, find problems, and deal with them in time; "Three touches" means touching the temperature of the child's forehead; "Four Doing" is to cover individual children who kick quilts. For middle and large class children whose clothes and shoes are not arranged neatly, the teacher should demonstrate and educate the children to fold them well; The teacher on duty can't sit on the bedside or chair, but patrol indoors and carefully observe the children's nap, thus effectively changing the chaotic situation. Although these practices are trivial, they are extremely important. Through "one hearing", "two seeing", "three touching" and "four doing", some sudden diseases of children can be found in time. For example, on one occasion, when I was on patrol to check the child's nap, I found a child in the nursery looking pale and sweating. I immediately picked up the child and took his temperature. The result was 38.5 degrees, and the teacher on duty informed the parents to take their children to see a doctor in time. Of course, different children have different needs, so it is very important for them to arrange teachers reasonably. Under certain circumstances, treating individual children individually, on the one hand, reflects the recognition and acceptance of adults, satisfies children who sleep less, and brings children a sense of stability and respect; On the other hand, let children gain self-confidence and self-love.
2. Establish an emergency mechanism for children's nap safety management.
First, arrange administrative leaders to patrol and inspect on duty every day, not only to check whether the teachers on duty are on duty seriously, but also to understand and record the nap situation of kindergarten children, so as to find and deal with problems in time and prevent accidents. Secondly, establish an emergency plan for children's sudden nap. Because of the special family environment in rural kindergartens, some children don't eat in kindergartens, so we stipulate that children who take a nap must enter the park at12: 40, and the security guards strictly check the safety of children entering the park at the door.
Fourth, do a good job of health care and bed making for children after a nap.
After the child gets up, each class works out the health care methods for the child after a nap according to the age characteristics of the child. For children in small classes, the teacher on duty will play light music to let the children wake up slowly in the music, and then let the children do light exercise for two minutes after waking up. For children in middle and large classes, the teacher will arrange a set of 5-minute aerobics for the children themselves. Comb your hair: let the child imitate looking in the mirror with one hand, insert the hair from the front hairline with five fingers with the other hand, and comb it back and forth several times. Turn your neck: Let your child turn his neck several times from left to right and from right to left. Reach out and reach out: hold it in vain, hold it forward, lift it up, and stretch it sideways several times. Bend over: touch your feet with both hands and press your waist down several times. Stretch your legs: let your child's legs line up freely in the word "big" on the bed.
Because there is only one teacher on duty, it is time-consuming and laborious to make the bed for the children. I remember getting up after a nap on the first day, and the teacher on duty was so busy that he was panting. We gradually explored a set of effective methods in the process of children's nap. Because rural children are relatively independent, diligent and capable. First of all, teachers gradually train the children in large classes to learn to make beds. After the children in the big class knew it, they selected 15 capable children in each class to help the younger brother and sister put on shoes, clothes and fold the quilt. The children in the small class saw that the capable big brother and big sister were particularly clever and cooperated very tacitly. With the help of these "little assistants", the teacher on duty also reduced the workload and felt much more relaxed. At the same time, it also cultivates children's self-care ability, cultivates children's good quality of caring for others, and develops children's good nap habits. After a while, we were pleasantly surprised to find that under the subtle influence of the children in the big class, the children in the small class began to learn to wear shoes and fold quilts by themselves, although sometimes the shoes on the left foot were worn on the right foot and the quilts were folded into a ball. But in these clumsy and ridiculous movements of children, we saw the progress of children, and we were very moved and gratified.