1. People often like to describe the ocean in blue. In fact, the color of seawater ranges from dark blue to green, from yellow to reddish brown, and even white and black, not just blue.
Seawater is colorless and transparent like ordinary water. The color of the ocean is determined by the optical properties of seawater, the suspended solids contained in seawater, the depth of seawater, the characteristics of clouds and other factors. As we all know, sunlight is composed of seven colors: red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue and purple. The wavelengths of these seven colors are different. From red light to purple light, the wavelength gradually becomes shorter. Long wave has the strongest penetration ability and is easily absorbed by water molecules, while short wave has a weak penetration ability and is prone to reflection and scattering. The degree of absorption, reflection and scattering of light with different wavelengths by seawater is also different. Red light, orange light and yellow light with longer light waves are injected into seawater and gradually absorbed with the increase of ocean depth. Generally speaking, in the ocean where the water depth exceeds 100 meters, most of these three wavelengths can be absorbed by seawater, and the temperature of seawater can rise. However, blue light and purple light with shorter wavelength will have strong scattering and reflection when they meet pure seawater molecules, so the ocean people see will appear blue or dark blue. Due to the increase of suspended solids, the coastal seawater has larger particles, weak absorption of green light and strong scattering, mostly light blue or green.
Violet light has the shortest wavelength and the strongest reflection. Why is the sea not purple? Scientific experiments have proved that human eyes are biased to some extent. People's eyes are very insensitive to the purple light reflected by seawater, so they turn a blind eye. On the contrary, human eyes are sensitive to blue and green light.
In addition, because the sun sometimes disappears in the clouds and sometimes shines through the clouds, the color of the ocean changes accordingly. The color of the ocean also depends on the height of the sun from the horizon.
2. Coal, oil and natural gas are basically found on land.
Prokaryotes, protozoa, algae, mosses, ferns, a few angiosperms, invertebrates (except some arthropods), amphibian larvae and some mammals.
That's basically it.
2. Need to find information about seabed knowledge.
The ocean covers 70% of the earth's surface. Although science is developed now, it seems that people living on land are just beginning to understand the ocean. We hope to know more about this colorful world. Underwater World-located in the north of the city, it ranks as the largest aquatic exhibition hall in China along with Qingdao Aquatic Museum, and is known as "the walking dictionary of marine resources in Beibu Gulf".
Building area 1600 square meters, divided into 7 exhibition halls, aquarium, turtle pond and seal pond. There are more than 670 kinds of marine specimens and more than 2,800 exhibits on display in Beibu Gulf, among which the most striking is the rare animal Dugong (commonly known as mermaid).
There are 65438+ 100000 kilograms of whale bones, several kilograms of lobster specimens, the famous "Southern Pearl" at home and abroad, live turtles weighing more than 100 kilograms, and dozens of subtropical fish in Beibu Gulf. In the wall glass jar, all kinds of colorful and strange-looking marine animals swim and play between seaweed and coral like silk, which is a magnificent and fantastic underwater world.
The mermaid (dugong), a unique marine animal in Beibu Gulf, is the most striking. Visiting this museum, such as roaming the sea world, will open your eyes and increase your marine knowledge.
3. What are the little marine knowledge?
The ocean is the floorboard of the widest water body on the earth. The central part of the ocean is called ocean, and the marginal part is called sea. They communicate with each other and form a unified water body.
The earth's surface is divided by the mainland into vast interconnected waters called oceans, with a total area of about 360 million square kilometers, accounting for about 7 1% of the earth's surface area, with an average water depth of about 3795 meters. The ocean contains more than1350 million cubic kilometers of water, accounting for about 97% of the total water of the earth, and only 2% is available for human consumption.
The four oceans of the earth are the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean and the Arctic Ocean, and most of them are bounded by land and seabed topographic lines. So far, only 5% of the seabed has been explored by humans, and 95% of the seabed is unknown.
Extended data:
1. The current distribution is 1. A low-latitude circulation is formed between the equator and latitude 40 or 60, and its flow direction is clockwise in the northern hemisphere and counterclockwise in the southern hemisphere. The western part of each circulation is warm current, and the eastern part is cold current.
2. A high latitude circulation is formed in the north of 40 or 60 north latitude. Its circulation direction is counterclockwise, with cold current in the west and warm current in the east.
3. The North Indian Ocean north of the equator is a monsoon current, because it is located south of the Tropic of Cancer. In winter, the northeast monsoon blows, the surface seawater flows westward, and the ocean current flows counterclockwise; In summer, the southwest monsoon blows, the surface seawater flows eastward and the ocean current flows clockwise.
4. The east-west ocean currents are all warm currents except west wind drift in the southern hemisphere. Ocean current has a great influence on the coastal climate of the mainland, and the area where the cold current passes has the function of cooling and dehumidifying the climate; Warm current has the function of warming and humidifying the climate along the way.
Second, the reason for the formation is that the water in the sea always flows in a regular and clear form, which is called ocean current. One of the most famous is the Gulf Stream, which is 50 miles wide at its narrowest point and has a velocity of 4 kilometers per hour. It goes north along the North American coast, crosses the North Atlantic, and regulates the climate in northern Europe.
The North Pacific Ocean current is a similar warm current, which flows from the tropics to the north, raising the temperature on the west coast of North America. The prevailing wind is the main force to keep the water moving.
The different density of seawater is also one of the reasons for ocean currents. The density of cold water is higher than that of warm water, so cold water sinks and warm water rises.
Based on the same principle, the cold water near the poles will also sink and flow to the equator below the sea surface. When it reaches the equator, the current rises, replacing the warm water flowing to the poles with surface current.
The coast and mainland of the island also have an influence on the current, either turning the current or dividing it into tributaries. However, in general, the mainstream flows around various ocean basins.
Due to the influence of the earth's rotation, the current in the northern hemisphere flows clockwise, while the current in the southern hemisphere flows in the opposite direction. Baidu encyclopedia-ocean.
The information of underwater world is very simple.
It is also the largest museum of marine life in Asia, with nearly 4,000 species of marine life and 2,500 species of animals. Through the glass fiber cover of the tunnel, you can enjoy all kinds of marine fish flying in the sky.
The underwater world is in a transparent underwater tunnel. Underwater World * * * cost S $27 million to build, piranha, etc. , different shapes. Visitors can walk slowly on the electric sidewalk, which is amazing. Tropical fish is the most important species, both common and rare. Both lovers and family members are 100 meters long. Tourists stand on the electric sidewalk and walk around for a week. There are many kinds, and the water storage capacity is 365,438+million liters. Another attraction is the dangerous fish gallery, but it also aroused people's interest in looking for * * *, which increased some tension. Here, people are dazzled. The most lovely place in the aquarium is the Dolphin Hall, and it is an electric sidewalk, where many fish that pose a life threat to people or animals are displayed.
The tunnel is 100 meters long, and everyone likes to go to the Dolphin Hall to watch the cute little dolphin show.
The most popular in the aquarium is the tunnel, where visitors can observe the animals in the water more closely. Underwater World is the largest museum of marine life in Asia, with 250 species clearly observed!
In addition, it seems to be in the same water area as the fish, like an electric eel, watching underwater creatures swim from all angles through the glass cover, coral trees and algae rippling in the water waves, and it blooms in 199 1.
5. Knowledge about the underwater world
On our planet, the only place that humans have not conquered is the underwater world.
Today's human beings have climbed Mount Everest, the highest place on earth, many times. After many times of space travel, the artificial probe has reached the outer space of the solar system. However, what the deepest part of the ocean looks like is still unclear.
Because of the high cost of exploring the seabed, many problems are difficult to solve. However, according to the information currently available, the rewards of exploring the underwater world will be extremely rich, because in this dark world, the reserves of minerals, natural gas and oil are very rich.
In addition, the exploration of the wonderful world under the sea is likely to change our traditional view on the origin and evolution of life on earth. In addition to these tangible benefits, there are some intangible but tangible satisfaction, which is the great pleasure of exploring the last edge of the earth.
The ocean that has not been conquered by human beings so far accounts for 3/4 of the earth's surface, with a seawater volume of 654.38+0.4 billion cubic kilometers and an average depth of 3,700 meters. The intricate food web in the ocean breeds a wide variety of marine life, which is much more complicated than any ecosystem on land. From sulfur-eating microorganisms and bacteria living near the submarine crater to all kinds of deep-sea fish, their fluorescence can illuminate far away and attract many creatures to eat.
In some places, there may even be a new species called "sea monster", including the 20-meter-long horseshoe crab. Scientific research tells us that in this underwater world.
On our planet, the only place that humans have not conquered is the underwater world. Today's human beings have climbed Mount Everest, the highest place on earth, many times. After many times of space travel, the artificial probe has reached the outer space of the solar system.
However, what the deepest part of the ocean looks like is still unclear. Because of the high cost of exploring the seabed, many problems are difficult to solve.
However, according to the information currently available, the rewards of exploring the underwater world will be extremely rich, because in this dark world, the reserves of minerals, natural gas and oil are very rich. In addition, the exploration of the wonderful world under the sea is likely to change our traditional view on the origin and evolution of life on earth.
In addition to these tangible benefits, there are some intangible but tangible satisfaction, which is the great pleasure of exploring the last edge of the earth. The ocean that has not been conquered by human beings so far accounts for 3/4 of the earth's surface, with a seawater volume of 654.38+0.4 billion cubic kilometers and an average depth of 3,700 meters.
The intricate food web in the ocean breeds a wide variety of marine life, which is much more complicated than any ecosystem on land. From sulfur-eating microorganisms and bacteria living near the submarine crater to all kinds of deep-sea fish, their fluorescence can illuminate far away and attract many creatures to eat. In some places, there may even be a new species called "sea monster", including the 20-meter-long horseshoe crab.
Scientific research tells us that in this underwater world, the potential economic value is immeasurable: the vortex ocean current with huge energy affects the weather in most parts of the world. If we can understand their formation mechanism and laws, we can predict the occurrence of climate disasters and avoid trillions of dollars in economic losses. There are also huge nickel, manganese, iron, cobalt and copper with commercial development value in the ocean; Bacteria, fish and plants in the deep sea may become the source of magical drugs to protect human health and longevity.
It is estimated that in the next few decades, the benefits brought by the ocean will far exceed the benefits brought by human exploration of space at present. If people can freely and safely enter and leave the seabed, its economic benefits will be immediate.
However, reaching the bottom of the sea is the same as reaching outer space. It is impossible for people to reach the bottom of the sea without special equipment. Common sense tells us that without the help of oxygen tanks, people can't dive below 3 meters for a long time-this is only one third of the average depth of the ocean! With the continuous diving into the water, the pressure is getting bigger and bigger.
People's inner ear, lungs and some pores will feel pressure and feel pain. When the underwater temperature is low, it will quickly absorb the heat of the human body.
It is difficult for people to stay in water below 3 meters for 2~3 minutes. For these reasons, contemporary deep-sea exploration has to wait for the development of two key technologies: deep-sea spherical submersible and deep-sea steel ball submersible tied with chains.
People who can swim have been thinking about how to get oxygen underwater. It has been like this for thousands of years. In ancient Greece, divers got oxygen from bottles filled with gas, but in modern times, divers used compressed air to dive into human bodies.
Usually people can dive to a depth of 30 meters. Even the most experienced people who use underwater breathing apparatus dare not venture to dive below 45 meters, because the increase of deep diving pressure and the pressure change in the process of floating to the surface lead to decompression sickness and even death.
Using a sealed diving suit, you can only dive to a depth of 440 meters. The spherical submersible created a depth of 923 meters, but it was very difficult to operate.
Later, a small deep-sea submarine was invented, but it can only be used for scientific research. The advanced deep-sea submarine is equipped with underwater camera, specimen collection basket and manipulator with human hand function.
The practice of submersible gives a positive answer. The United States, France, Japan, Russia and other countries have developed deep-water submarines for different purposes and collected data samples of animals, plants, rocks and water samples in the depths of the ocean.
This opened a new era of deep-sea exploration. People have gained a lot of information in the deep-sea world, which has changed some traditional views of biology, geology and marine geography.
Scientists look at the changing law of wind and current with new eyes; El Nino in the Pacific Ocean is very harmful to commercially valuable fish stocks, and it can also induce strange changes in the climate on the earth. The instability of ocean circulation may lead to global climate change, or make the stable climate on the earth slowly disappear.
Scientists also realize that the seabed at the bottom of the ocean is not flat. It is undulating and more complicated than our land topography, and its canyons can hold up the Himalayas. What is even more amazing is that there is a unique, global, 60,000-kilometer-long mountain at the bottom of the sea, just like a giant.
6. The information of the underwater world is simple.
Underwater World is the largest museum of marine life in Asia, with nearly 4,000 species of marine life, both common and rare.
The most dominant species is tropical fish, which is dazzling in variety, color and shape. The most popular tunnel in the aquarium is one that allows visitors to observe animals in the water more closely. It is 100 meters long and is an electric sidewalk.
Visitors can walk slowly along the electric sidewalk and see underwater creatures swimming from all angles through the glass cover, as if they were in the same water with fish. It's really amazing. Another scenic spot is the dangerous fish corridor, where many fish that pose a life threat to people or animals, such as electric eels and piranhas, are displayed.
Here, more nervous, but also aroused people's interest in looking for * * * *! In addition, the most lovely place in the aquarium is the Dolphin Hall. No matter couples or families, they all like to go to the Dolphin Hall to watch the cute little dolphin show. In the transparent undersea tunnel, 250 species and 2500 animals can be clearly observed. It is the largest museum of marine life in Asia, with a water storage capacity of 365,438+million liters.
Underwater World cost S $27 million to build, 199 1 open. The tunnel is 65,438+000 meters long. Visitors can stand on the electric walkway and travel around for a week. Through the glass fiber cover of the tunnel, they can enjoy all kinds of marine fish flying in the "sky", coral trees and seaweed rippling in the water waves, giant turtles swimming and sharks being fed by divers twice a day.
7. Help me find information about the underwater world
Introduction to Xiamen II: Underwater World
Underwater World-Underwater World on Gulangyu Island is a large and up-to-date marine and freshwater aquarium in China. Chen Bo from all over the world gathers here, and is favored by guests at home and abroad for its large number, large size, unique varieties and superior climate, among which there are many descendants of ancient magical groups and walruses of the Amazon River. Chinese sturgeon, a national first-class protected animal, is a noble and rare grass sea dragon in Australia. Gentle and colorful Shu Mei, stone fish as quiet as a virgin harbors fierce machines, exotic horned dolphins, colorful coral fish, giant turtles and sharks in the Pacific Ocean, and the king of grouper is countless. In particular, the scene of the country's largest cylindrical fish tank and fish chasing diving breeders for food is amazing.
Seeing is believing, so you'd better experience the fun yourself.
8. Information about the underwater world
The submarine continental shelf is a natural extension of land to the ocean.
Originally, the coastal plain was submerged by seawater and became a shallow sea on the continental shelf. The shallow sea on the continental shelf surrounds the landing land like a wreath, but its total area is 27.5 million square kilometers, which is equivalent to the area of the African continent.
Most of the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea in China are on the continental shelf. The seafood we eat, such as fish and shrimp, is mainly caught from the shallow sea of continental shelf, and the aquatic products in the shallow sea of continental shelf account for 80% of the whole marine aquatic products.
The seabed of the continental shelf is rich in oil and natural gas, accounting for about 1/3 of the world. Many oil mines on land are also produced in the submarine environment of the continental shelf.
The beautiful shallow sea scenery expanded to the 1950s, and geographers were able to map the underwater world with advanced technology. Surveying and mapping results show that there is a towering ocean "ridge" at the bottom of the ocean, forming an underwater "mountain range" that stretches for about 83,683.6 kilometers and runs through all the oceans in the world. The "sea ridge" at the bottom of the ocean is also called a rift valley, from which magma keeps pouring out. After the magma cooled, a series of new submarine mountains were formed at the bottom of the ocean. This process is called submarine spreading, and these new submarine mountains are called seamounts.
As new rocks are added to the fault valley, the rocks on both sides of the fault valley gradually move away from the center of the ocean ridge. So the farther away from the "mountain", the older the rock is.
When seamounts and new submarine plains are formed, the magma in the fault valley will continue to gush out, playing the role of "conveyor belt", pushing the new seamounts out of the crustal rocks, and at the same time slowly pushing them down from the crustal rocks and remelting them into the mantle, thus achieving the balance of rebirth and growth.
9. Details of the underwater world
Echinoderm in the sea of sea cucumbers, with a slightly cylindrical body, well-developed muscles and tentacles around the mouth.
There are many kinds of sea cucumbers, which live on the bottom of the sea and eat all kinds of small animals. Now, sea cucumber is a precious food for human beings.
Squid marine animals, commonly known as "squid" or "cuttlefish". Squid is a kind of mollusk, with oval flat body, pale color and uneven black spots. It has a pair of big eyes on its head, ten wrist feet at the mouth edge, suction cups on the inside of the wrist feet, and its shell has degenerated.
* * * The nearby bladder can secrete ink-colored liquid, which will be released when it is in danger, turning the nearby seawater into black to cover its escape. Octopus is a marine mollusk that lives on the bottom of the sea.
Octopus has eight long and powerful wrist feet, so it is also called "octopus". Octopus has many suction cups on the inside of its wrist, and some have ink sacs in their bodies.
Octopus preys on fish and crustaceans, and also attacks other larger animals. Single cell (organism): An organism consisting of one cell.
For example, most fungi, yeasts, protozoa and some lower algae. Seaweeds living in the sea, such as kelp, laver, seaweed and asparagus.
Some can be eaten, and some can extract iodine and agar. Reserves are accumulated, not revealed and excavated.
Natural gas is a combustible gas produced in coal fields, oil fields and swamps, and its main component is methane. It is formed by the high temperature and high pressure of ancient creatures buried underground.
Mainly used as fuel and chemical raw materials. Also called natural gas.
Rare metal A metal with few reserves and scattered ore bodies in the earth's crust. Such as gold, lithium, beryllium, titanium, rubidium, etc.