"Ball sense" is a specialized perception developed in training, and it is an important psychological skill of basketball referees. It enables referees to analyze the shape, weight, elasticity and spatial changes of the ball in detail, and have a very accurate perception of the running speed of the ball, the movement state of the ball control players and the passing direction. In order to eliminate the illusion of visual judgment and make accurate judgment, therefore, in basketball referee training, referees are required to practice throwing, running and following the ball to increase the "ball sense", so that referees can freely judge the movement direction, spatial state and development direction of the ball in the game and play the best referee level.
Just like in the game, there is almost no fixed concrete form of action and cooperation after the ball jump in the middle circle, and even the new situation that appears in the game may not have appeared in the referee training. Under special circumstances, freedom and flexibility can be found, which is closely related to the basketball referee's mastery of "ball sense". Therefore, the basketball referee's "sense of the ball" is an important psychological skill for the referee's technical level to achieve high-level development and emergence. It can not only make the action flexible, but also be an important psychological factor to obtain superb referee skills.
2 ".Pay attention to" concentrate on practice.
Concentration is the ability to focus on a certain goal without being distracted by other internal and external stimuli. In the face of the game, the referee can't watch the wonderful technical and tactical cooperation of the game be disturbed like the audience, but should keep a clear head, straighten his position, enforce the law actively, fairly and accurately, and ensure the smooth progress of the game. Therefore, in the psychological quality training of referees, we should pay attention to concentrated training.
Paying attention to quality is the psychological quality that basketball referees must pay attention to. In the referee work, accurate, rapid and effective referee can not be separated from high attention. The cultivation of referees' attention skills is mainly in skill training and formal competition, and consciously distinguishes the levels and goals of attention. For example, in terms of fouls and violations, we should pay attention to fouls. In terms of fouls, we should focus on personal fouls at the basket and fouls against shooters. Then shift the target, focusing on the foul in the offensive and defensive confrontation with the ball area and the foul of the players without the ball. Finally, turn your attention to illegal punishment.
This hierarchical, focused and targeted attention skill can train the referee's attention selectivity, directionality and orderly distribution ability. Making the referee's attention clear and focused, and paying attention to reasonable allocation and transfer opportunity can overcome the bad psychology of "you can't catch anything if you want to", thus improving the psychological quality of the referee.
3. Attach importance to imagery training
Imagery training is the most commonly used psychological training method in sports field. Imagery training is conducive to establishing and consolidating the correct dynamic stereotype of action, accelerating the proficiency of action and deepening the memory of action. In the basketball referee's work, the referee's gestures and the corresponding speed and accuracy are an important aspect to reflect the referee's level. The quality of the referee's gesture has obvious influence on the athletes. Timely and standardized gestures can establish the prestige of the referee, so the referee's actions are an important part of the referee's work.
In the basketball referee's action training, the referee always makes gestures and actions according to the mental representation, so that the referee can make actions as accurately as possible and form a good action representation. we can
[Next] In the referee training, we use standardized gesture pictures to practice the gestures one by one, so as to strengthen the action representation by sports training. Because the operation must rely on the action pictures stored in the brain, through symbol learning, the action schema can be established or consolidated in the brain and the action can be compiled into symbol parts. On this basis, through repeated practice, that is, cognitive coding, useful schemas can be established and useless schemas can be eliminated. For example, when hinting to the referee to stop the timing, he said, "Blow the horn immediately, face the foul player, give a gesture, clench your fist and raise it upward, point to your waist with one hand, write down the number of the foul player and report it to the record desk."
In the competition, the referee's actions are first "shown in a movie" in his mind, just like a pre-written computer program, presenting standardized gestures to athletes and recording desks.
4 build confidence in law enforcement
Psychologists believe that people's psychological state and personality characteristics can directly affect the changes in physiological processes. Some referees are nervous and timid at the scene, causing confusion, sweating all over, and less and less whistling. It directly interferes with the normal play of the referee level.
On the one hand, the good psychological characteristics of basketball referees are gradually formed through experience accumulation, on the other hand, they can be strengthened through effective psychological training. However, the effective way to form good personality psychology and eliminate emotions is to cultivate and train self-confidence. At ordinary times, we should strengthen our sense of self-role, believe in our own skills, psychologically classify ourselves as brave, tall and dignified court "judges", and cultivate judges with good technical style. Discussions with technical representatives before the meeting, new rules and disputes between old and new rules have a positive effect on enhancing confidence at the meeting.
In the psychological training of referees, the important way to overcome excessive tension is through cognitive training, so that students have a correct psychological orientation to the game, a clear understanding of the task of on-the-spot referee, the motivation to actively enforce the law, and confidence in their own potential. When enforcing the law on the spot, we should eliminate the interference of psychological obstacles and external pressure, and strengthen our self-emotion and self-consciousness subjectively to meet the objective needs.
Teaching guiding ideology is the fundamental direction and goal of teaching activities. In the teaching of basketball referees, we should start with the establishment of the sense of the ball, the concentration and transfer of attention, the emphasis on imagery training and the establishment of confidence, so that each basketball referee can stretch his gestures, standardize his free throw posture and soften his facial expression. It can establish prestige in the hearts of athletes and spectators. So as to ensure the technical and tactical level of basketball and play the effect of the game. To sum up, the psychological quality of basketball referees directly affects the level of referees, so the cultivation of good psychological quality is a necessary condition for basketball referees to successfully complete their referee tasks and show their good referee skills.
refer to