1. Observe all parts of the body and carefully observe all parts of the baby's body from head to toe. Listen to the baby's heartbeat. If it is a newborn, because the heart has not completely healed, you must always listen to the child's heartbeat in order to check the heart disease. Ear, if the early ear is normal, you can treat it as soon as possible, and carefully check whether the ear hole is normal and the ear shape is normal. Blood test, take a very small amount from the heel, and the blood disease sticks to the filter paper. Check whether there is congenital metabolic abnormality through blood test, usually two days after birth. Check the leg state, separate the baby's legs by hand, and then check whether the leg posture is normal and the leg length is equal. If the bones and joints are dislocated, the leg posture will be unnatural and the leg length will not be equal.
2. Parents should pay attention to the physical examination time of infants and children, and parents should cooperate with the doctor's guidance during the physical examination. The younger the baby, the faster the growth and development. Regular physical examination can find all kinds of problems early, so as to carry out early intervention. If we deviate from growth for a long time and miss the fastest growth period, it will be difficult to correct it. The frequency of baby's physical examination is generally within 6 months 1 ~ 2 months, and 2 ~ 3 months after 6 months. Parents should learn to use growth curve and actively cooperate with the monitoring of baby's physical growth to avoid malnutrition and obesity.
3. Infants and young children should pay attention to avoid the disease state and try to wait for the baby to get well before going to the hospital for physical examination. The physical examination time should be 1 ~ 2 hours after the baby eats. At this time, the baby's cooperation is relatively high, which is convenient for doctors to check. When checking, go into battle lightly and keep warm. Parents accompanying the examination can help fix the baby's position under the guidance of a doctor. If any abnormality is found in the physical examination, parents should take the baby to a regular hospital for further detailed examination, so as to make a clear diagnosis and treatment as soon as possible. Weight is an important indicator to judge the baby's physical development and nutritional status. It is best to measure the baby's fasting weight when defecating, and try to take off the baby's coat, pants, shoes and hat. The weight of baby clothes and diapers should be subtracted from the measured data.