First, the first generation of IVF technology is mainly aimed at infertility caused by women. Natural pregnancy is fertilized in the fallopian tube, while the first generation of IVF technology is fertilized in a Petri dish, both of which allow sperm and eggs to combine freely. So it's just a different location. Why do you want to be a test-tube baby? Because the egg has to wait for the sperm to enter the fallopian tube and combine into a fertilized egg before swimming back to the uterus. If the fallopian tube is blocked and the sperm egg cannot be fertilized, there will be no fertilized egg. Therefore, in vitro fertilization requires IVF, and then the embryo is implanted into the uterus.
Mainly applicable to the following situations:
1, female ovulation disorder
2. Endometriosis
3. Immune infertility and unexplained infertility
4, artificial insemination or other routine treatment is still not pregnant.
5. Women have difficulty in combining sperm and eggs due to fallopian tube factors.
Second, the second generation of IVF technology is medically called intracytoplasmic sperm injection technology, namely ICSI. The second generation of IVF technology is developed on the basis of the first generation of IVF technology. When the number of sperm is small, sperm motility is low or sperm is abnormal, it is difficult for sperm and eggs to combine to form fertilized eggs. In order to make it easier for sperm and eggs to combine, a sperm is absorbed by a capillary needle under a microscope, injected into the egg to fertilize it, and then an embryo is cultivated and transplanted into the mother's uterus.
Therefore, the second generation of IVF technology is suitable for male infertility.
Mainly applicable to the following situations:
1, male immune infertility
2. Conventional in vitro fertilization failed.
3. Obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia
4. Patients with severe oligozoospermia, asthenospermia and malformation.
5. Spermatogenic dysfunction (excluding genetic defects caused by diseases)
6, round head (acrosome abnormality) sperm or completely inactive sperm.
Third, the third generation of IVF technology is medically called preimplantation genetic diagnosis, including preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) and preimplantation genetic screening (PGS). It refers to the technology of extracting the genetic material of embryos before IVF-ET embryo transfer, analyzing it, diagnosing whether there is abnormality, and then screening healthy embryo transfer to prevent the inheritance of genetic diseases, which is conducive to improving the success rate of clinical pregnancy.
Extended data:
In China, "in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer" (IVF-ET) is usually called "IVF". In fact, in vitro fertilization is a special technology, which takes eggs and sperm out of the body, allows them to complete the fertilization process in an artificially controlled environment in vitro, and then transplants early embryos into women's uterus, where they are pregnant with children. Babies born through in vitro fertilization are called test-tube babies, and these children also grow up in the mother's womb. It can be said that "IVF technology" is equivalent to "in vitro fertilization".
IVF adapts to patients:
1. Patients with tubal obstruction;
2. Treating unexplained infertility patients who fail to get pregnant through IUI;
3. The man is severely oligozoospermia or azoospermia, and needs to obtain sperm through testicular or epididymal puncture;
4. Women with endometriosis and infertility can use IVF to assist pregnancy as appropriate;
5. Patients with ovulation disorder generally have no mature follicle growth after ovulation induction treatment.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-IVF Technology