Prevention and nursing of benign prostatic hyperplasia in the elderly

Preventive medicine is the focus of continuous attention in many medical fields. It has been well applied in many therapeutic fields, especially preventive cardiology, and now it has begun to attract attention in urology. 1. Risk factors? There have been many reports about the risk factors of benign prostatic hyperplasia, but the conclusions are very inconsistent. First of all, age is closely related to the occurrence of prostatic hyperplasia. This has been introduced before, but there are many other factors that may affect the occurrence of prostatic hyperplasia. These factors include smoking, heredity, diet, obesity, drinking, sexual life, socio-economic status, hypertension, mental illness and so on. Although there are many studies on these factors, their relationship with the occurrence of prostatic hyperplasia is still uncertain. For example, smoking, nicotine in tobacco can improve people's testosterone level. It seems that smoking will increase the risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia, and mild smoking (1 bag /d) is not easy to be accompanied by moderate and severe lower urinary tract symptoms; Moderate smokers (1 ~ 1.4 packs/day) have no obvious correlation with benign prostatic hyperplasia, while heavy smokers (> 1.5 packs/day) are more likely to have lower urinary tract symptoms. It is reported that smokers are less likely to undergo prostatectomy than non-smokers, but some people think that this is because chronic obstructive pulmonary disease prevents surgery. Excessive drinking can reduce the level of serum testosterone, reduce the increase of testosterone production and clearance, and liver dysfunction can also reduce serum testosterone and diclofenac. Autopsy abroad shows that the rate of hyperplasia of prostate with cirrhosis is lower than that without cirrhosis. Because the most common cause of liver cirrhosis abroad is alcoholism, its low incidence rate is the result of the joint action of liver cirrhosis and alcoholism. It is also reported that patients with hypertension and those who take rauvolfia antihypertensive drugs have higher incidence and operation rate of prostatic hyperplasia. Studies have shown that prostate hyperplasia has a genetic tendency. The latest research shows that identical twins (14.7%) are more likely to have BPH at the same time than fraternal twins (4.5%). Another study shows that the occurrence of moderate and severe lower urinary tract symptoms has a certain family tendency. The incidence of prostatic hyperplasia in Jews is higher than that in non-Jews, and that in blacks is higher than that in whites. In addition, with a family history of benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate symptoms are more serious than those without a family history. These results indicate that BPH may be related to heredity. Other possible risk factors, such as a history of urinary tract infection, pH ≥6.0, diabetes, sexual intensity, vasectomy, low body mass index and education level, are still controversial. 2. Prevention strategy (1) Census strategy: The whole social census is conducive to the prevention of benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms, which can strengthen health publicity and education for community residents, increase the self-examination of the masses, find diseases early and see doctors early. At the same time, improve the diagnosis and treatment level of community medical staff, correctly guide the people in the community to prevent diseases themselves, transfer the patients concerned to higher-level hospitals for further diagnosis and treatment, and suggest that men over 50 years old should have regular related examinations every year. (2) Avoidance of risk factors: Because there are many risk factors that affect the occurrence of BPH, avoiding risk factors has become the corresponding strategy to prevent BPH. However, such as youth and heredity, these clear risk factors are inevitable. And can avoid potential risk factors, such as improving bad living habits, reasonable diet, paying attention to psychological balance, carrying out health education, advocating self-care, etc. (3) chemical prevention: due to