Low social status and high expectations.
Most people have a strong need for social support, so any event that feels excluded from society may be the source of stress. Moreover, people who lack self-confidence are more likely to feel threatened and have psychological problems than others. At the same time, the public generally lacks a correct understanding of the profession of preschool teachers. Some people simply don't understand the profession of kindergarten teachers. They think it's easy to be a kindergarten teacher, but they get twice the result with half the effort ... they don't know that kindergarten teachers have a lot of work to do every day. They should not only pay attention to children's food, drink, sleep, leakage and safety, but also be responsible for educating and guiding children with knowledge, skills and norms. We should not only consider the creation of class internal environment, but also deal with various problems in children's activities in time; We should not only understand the characteristics of each child, but also make a teaching work plan according to the specific situation of the children in this class, so as to be proficient in everything. However, doing well is only a "king of the children" in the eyes of others, and at most a director. Moreover, there can only be one director, and not everyone can be a director.
At present, most children are only children, and kindergarten teachers bear the family's hope for their children. At the same time, the educational reform constantly puts forward new requirements and expectations for the kindergarten teachers' profession, which makes the kindergarten teachers constantly face new challenges. These requirements and expectations have also caused more and more pressure on teachers, and some even led to psychological problems and mental illness.
(2) Low economic status and heavy tasks.
At present, preschool teachers have extremely low economic status, heavy tasks and great responsibilities. The current situation of "high input and low return" makes preschool teachers lack social identity. This is a huge impact on the psychology of preschool teachers from the materialistic society under the market economy.
Kindergarten teachers have a lot of work to do every day Desk work takes up a lot of teachers' rest time, which is the most direct reason for the long working hours and heavy workload of preschool teachers. According to statistics, every kindergarten teacher has 17 kinds of desk work every semester, with various names, including lesson plans, cases, excerpts, plans, observation records, educational essays, meeting minutes, scientific research, work summary, home contact, report requests, speeches, various teaching AIDS, etc. It occupies their time to absorb new knowledge and their space for free creation. It is understood that preschool teachers spend more than 10 hour on desk work every week on average, and 58.25% of preschool teachers often work in kindergartens at home. Some kindergartens often have classes and competitions, which also consumes a lot of time and energy for kindergarten teachers to prepare. Preschool teachers seldom have their own time, and live in a state of tension for a long time, with great mental pressure.
(C) Complex interpersonal relationships, lack of work passion
Preschool teachers should help children deal with peer relationship, the relationship between teachers and children, and the relationship between preschool teachers and parents.
Kindergarten teachers face dozens of children every day. Most of these children are "little emperors" at home. Some of them are eccentric, some are overbearing and some are aggressive. In the eyes of parents, their children are always the best. They think it is inevitable that their children will make some mistakes. Children are naughty and lovely. However, if children are scratched by other children in kindergarten and suffer some losses, they will feel very distressed and will seek justice for their children. If the kindergarten teacher handles it slightly improperly, there may be parents complaining everywhere, which makes the teacher very unhappy.
As the saying goes, "Men and women are not tired from work", and an appropriate ratio of men and women in work is conducive to improving the enthusiasm of work. At present, 99% of kindergartens are female teachers, whose gender is too single and their work lacks passion. At the same time, women are generally sensitive, competitive and jealous, which brings invisible psychological pressure to preschool teachers.
(D) individual psychological endurance is different.
Different psychological characteristics, such as personality and temperament, have different psychological endurance. Psychological endurance reflects a person's ability to control his emotions, bear external pressure and grasp psychological balance, which can be divided into four levels: emotional perception ability, self-emotional adjustment ability, emotional adjustment ability of others and emotional application ability. Generally speaking, people with high emotional regulation level have higher mental health level.
In fact, psychological feelings such as self-confidence and inferiority, stress and confusion are psychological phenomena that every kindergarten teacher will encounter. However, these psychological feelings will vary from person to person. Optimists are generally "open-minded, open-minded". Of course, "open-mindedness" is not "seeing through", but seeing the meaning of life and knowing that "plain and down-to-earth" is the real value of ordinary life. Those preschool teachers who are introverted and unwilling to communicate with others find it difficult to get rid of their inner anxiety and loneliness, and easily become professional pressure. Teachers who have been in this sub-health state for a long time often show impatience, tension and anxiety emotionally.
Second, the self-regulation of preschool teachers' mental health
Liang Huijuan and Feng Xiaoxia from the School of Education of Beijing Normal University conducted a questionnaire survey among 447 teachers in 50 kindergartens with different systems in Beijing. The results show that 88.5% of the subjects feel that they are often in a state of fatigue; 86.7% of the subjects are always worried about accidents, and 65% of the subjects report that they often feel irritable. There are many reasons for this. To solve this problem, teachers, kindergartens and the whole society need to work together. It is the most direct and effective way for preschool teachers to learn to decompress themselves, dispel bad emotions and regulate mental health.
(1) Establish a correct view of children and allow them to make mistakes.
Kindergarten teachers educate children aged 3 to 6. At this time, children are younger and have poor ability to distinguish right from wrong. They often do things they shouldn't do, and even make the same mistakes over and over again. This is the characteristic of children's psychological development in this age group. Teachers will be annoyed and angry if they can't correctly understand and treat these problems of children. In this way, kindergarten teachers will often be in a bad mood. If the pressure is not relieved in time and effectively, they will face all kinds of psychological problems, and may make aggressive behaviors (such as losing their temper and corporal punishment) when they act.
Preschool teachers should have a correct understanding of children. Children are not adults, and their behavior habits are gradually formed in the process of trial and error. Therefore, children should be allowed to make mistakes, be disobedient and have their own ideas. In addition, we should know that every child's development is different, and some children can't do the same requirements well, and some children can't do it at all. If we can realize this, anger is naturally unlikely to happen.
(2) Understand your emotions and release bad emotions.
When you are unhappy or have emotional problems, you should be good at recognizing whether the emotional reason is physical discomfort, bad interpersonal relationship or heavy work pressure. When you realize all the reasons for happiness and unhappiness, you should immediately reflect on your attitude and behavior. Think on the bright side of things, relax yourself and avoid demanding others. Admit that there are some things that you can't do, and let your emotions change from excitement and tension to calm.
Preschool teachers should communicate with others, talk to others, vent, listen to others' work feelings and experiences, and strive for the understanding and support of their families, so as to help them alleviate and release bad emotions instead of blindly accumulating painful emotions.
(3) Pay attention to leisure and adjust the pace of life.
Those preschool teachers who are busy with work all day and have no time to enrich their lives are most likely to have unhealthy psychology. Therefore, no matter how busy you are, you can't take work as the whole of your life. Instead, we should be good at taking time out of work and taking part in some activities that are beneficial to physical and mental health, such as family gatherings, friends gatherings, karaoke, weekend trips, mountain climbing and so on. A rich life can greatly improve a person's mentality and adjust a person's mood. Cultivate one's interest in life in a colorful life and improve one's interest in life. Interest in life can have a positive impact on professional psychology, thus improving a person's mental health. In addition, if there is an opportunity, you can also listen to lectures on mental health to increase your mental health knowledge and enhance your psychological energy.
Of course, when recruiting preschool teachers, as the education authorities and kindergartens, we should not only pay attention to the individual's educational and teaching ability, but also pay attention to their mental health and personality. Suggest a mental health test. Only a group of preschool teachers with mental health can cultivate mentally healthy children.