1, pollution-free food
Refers to the food with clean ecological environment, produced according to specific technical operation procedures, with the content of harmful substances controlled within the prescribed standards, and approved by authorized departments and allowed to use pollution-free signs. Pollution-free food pays attention to the safety and quality of products, and its standard requirements are not very high, and there are not many contents involved, which is suitable for the current level of agricultural production development in China and the needs of domestic consumers. For most producers, it is not difficult to meet this requirement. Contemporary agricultural production needs to develop from ordinary agricultural products to pollution-free agricultural products, and then to green food or organic food. Green food is a bridge between pollution-free food and organic food. Pollution-free food is the primary stage of the development of green food, and organic food is a higher quality green food.
2. Green food
The concept of green food was put forward by our country, which refers to pollution-free, safe, high-quality and nutritious food that follows the principle of sustainable development, is produced according to a specific production mode, and is certified by a specialized agency. Because things related to environmental protection in the world are usually labeled as "green", in order to highlight that these foods come from a good ecological environment, they are named green foods.
Pollution-free, safe, high-quality and nutritious are the characteristics of green food. Pollution-free means to prevent pesticide residues, radioactive substances, heavy metals and harmful bacteria from polluting all aspects of food production and ensure the cleanliness of green food products through strict monitoring and control during the production and processing of green food.
In order to meet the needs of domestic consumers and the current competition between China's agricultural production development level and the international market, starting from 1996, green food is divided into AA grade and A grade in the application and approval process.
A-grade green food refers to the products whose eco-environmental quality meets the prescribed standards, limited chemical synthetic substances are allowed to be used in the production process, and are produced and processed according to specific operating procedures. The product quality and packaging meet specific standards after inspection, and the A-level green food mark is approved by specialized agencies.
AA-grade green food refers to the place of origin where the environmental quality meets the prescribed standards. No harmful chemical synthetic substances are used in the production process, and the products are produced and processed according to specific operating procedures. The quality and packaging of products meet specific standards after inspection, and products with AA-level green food marks are recognized by specialized agencies. AA-level green food standards meet or even exceed the basic requirements of the international organic agriculture movement alliance for organic food.
3. Organic food
Organic food is an internationally recognized term. This word is literally translated from organic food in Britain and France, and is also called ecological or biological food in other languages. The word "organic" here is not a chemical concept. IFOAM defines organic food as all foods and agricultural products that are produced according to organic food planting standards and production and processing technical specifications, and have been certified and issued certificates by organic food certification organizations. The definition of organic food in the certification standard of the Organic Food Development Center (OFDC) of the State Environmental Protection Agency is: agricultural products and their processed products that come from the organic agricultural production system, are produced and processed according to the organic certification standard, and are certified by an independent organic food certification body. Including grain, vegetables, fruits, dairy products, livestock products, honey, aquatic products, spices and so on.
The most significant difference between organic food and pollution-free food and green food is that the former absolutely prohibits the use of synthetic substances such as pesticides, fertilizers, herbicides, synthetic pigments and hormones in its production and processing, while the latter allows limited use of these substances. Therefore, the production of organic food is much more difficult than other foods, and it is necessary to establish a brand-new production system and adopt corresponding alternative technologies.
4, green pollution-free food
Green pollution-free food is a kind of pollution-free and safe food which comes from a clean ecological environment, the production mode is related to environmental protection, the content of harmful substances is controlled within a certain range, and it has been certified by specialized institutions. It includes pollution-free food, green food and organic food.
In the understanding of green pollution-free food, we should pay attention to the following issues:
(1) Green pollution-free food is not necessarily green, and green food is not necessarily green pollution-free food. Green refers to things related to environmental protection, such as Greenpeace, green barriers and green refrigerators.
(2) Pollution-free is a relative concept, and whether the substances contained in food are harmful or not is also relative. There must be a concept of quantity. A certain substance will be harmful only when it reaches a certain amount, and it will pollute food. As long as the content of harmful substances is controlled within the scope stipulated by the standard, it may become green and pollution-free food.
(3) It is not only remote and pollution-free areas that can engage in the production of green pollution-free food. In the suburbs of big cities, as long as the pollutants in the environment do not exceed the scope stipulated by the standards, green pollution-free food can also be produced. From the analysis of reducing pesticide pollution, it has more important environmental protection significance in developed areas.
(4) Foods produced in closed, backward and remote mountainous areas and areas not polluted by human activities are not necessarily green and pollution-free foods. Sometimes the atmosphere, soil or rivers in these areas contain natural harmful substances.
(5) Wild natural foods, such as wild vegetables and wild fruits, are not really green and pollution-free foods. Sometimes these wild foods or their living environment contain pollutants exceeding the standard, and whether they are green and pollution-free foods must be certified by specialized agencies.