Health belief model
The theory of health belief model emphasizes the importance of perception in decision-making, and there are many factors that affect perception. It is a theoretical model to explain health-related behaviors with social psychology.
Whether to adopt healthy behavior is related to the following factors:
1. Perception of disease threat: Perception of disease threat includes perception of disease susceptibility and perception of disease severity.
(1) Susceptibility to diseases: refers to an individual's judgment on the possibility of suffering from a certain disease or having a certain health problem.
(2) Perceiving the severity of the disease: The severity of the disease includes not only the adverse effects of the disease on physical health, such as pain, disability and death, but also the psychological and social consequences caused by the disease, such as realizing that the disease will affect work, family life and interpersonal relationships.
2. Perceived benefits and obstacles of healthy behavior:
(1) Perceived benefits of health behavior: refers to the subjective judgment of the human body on the benefits that can be brought by adopting health behavior, including the benefits of protecting and improving health status and other marginal benefits.
(2) Obstacles in perceiving healthy behaviors: refers to the subjective judgment of obstacles that individuals will face when taking healthy behaviors, including complex behaviors, time consumption, economic burden, etc.
3. Self-efficacy:
Self-efficacy is an added factor in the health belief model, which emphasizes the role of self-confidence in producing behavior.
4. Incentive factors:
It refers to the factors that induce healthy behavior, such as group disease prevention and control activities, doctors' advice to take healthy behavior, family members or friends suffering from this disease, etc., which may be used as prompt factors to induce individuals to take healthy behavior.
5. Socio-demographic factors:
Including individual characteristics, such as age, gender, nationality, personality characteristics, social class, peer influence, as well as individual disease and health knowledge. People with health care knowledge are more likely to adopt healthy behaviors.