(1) control
The source of infection refers to a person or animal that is parasitized by pathogens and can secrete pathogens. The work of eliminating or making it harmless is called managing the source of infection.
Patients with infectious diseases should be found, reported, isolated and treated early.
Many infectious diseases, such as dysentery, influenza, whooping cough, etc. It is the most contagious at the beginning of the disease. Early detection of patients with infectious diseases can prevent the spread of infectious diseases in time. Early reporting is an important means to prevent and control the epidemic of infectious diseases. After discovering suspected infectious disease patients or confirmed infectious disease patients, they should report to local health centers or epidemic prevention stations quickly. Early isolation can prevent the spread of pathogens, so that patients do not go out and others do not visit. Early and reasonable treatment is beneficial to early cure and reduce mortality.
The management of carriers and contacts with patients with infectious diseases should also be strengthened, and observation and regular inspection should be carried out under the guidance of epidemic prevention personnel.
Many animal infectious diseases can also be transmitted to people. Therefore, isolated treatment can be given to economically valuable sick animals, such as livestock suffering from brucellosis. Sick animals with no economic value or great harm, such as dogs suffering from rabies and animals suffering from anthrax, should be slaughtered and burned. The separation of human and livestock is also an important measure to prevent human and livestock diseases.
(2) cut off the route of transmission
Infectious diseases need specific routes of transmission, from patients or pathogen carriers to healthy people. The common transmission routes are respiratory transmission, intestinal transmission, contact transmission and insect-borne transmission. Some infectious diseases such as hepatitis B can also be transmitted through blood transfusion, sexual intercourse and childbirth. It can also be passed from mother to fetus through placenta. Corresponding measures should be taken to cut off the transmission route.
(3) Protect the susceptible population
Vaccination: refers to injecting or taking vaccines and vaccines that can prevent diseases, so that people can gain resistance to corresponding diseases and prevent the occurrence and prevalence of infectious diseases. If the human body is injected with measles vaccine, it can be immune to measles and avoid measles.
Drug prevention: At present, there is no effective vaccine to prevent some infectious diseases, but some drugs can play a certain preventive role. For example, malaria can be prevented by taking pyrimethamine orally. Oral compound sulfamethoxazole or sulfadiazine can prevent people who have been exposed to patients with epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis.
Window ventilation is to replace outdoor fresh air. Public places (theaters, OK halls, dormitories where many people live) are closed, the air is turbid, carbon dioxide is high, and the air contains a lot of bacteria. Therefore, it is necessary to replace the outside air. However, some bacteria, such as epidemic meningitis bacteria, survive for a long time in carbon dioxide containing 10%.
If it's like you said, it depends. When the outdoor environment is less polluted, such as early morning, opening the door for ventilation will also play a role. If the external environment is not as sanitary as the indoor environment, don't ventilate in real time, so as not to be counterproductive.