Health education for patients with hypertension

With the continuous improvement of living standards, hypertension has become a common disease and high incidence in our daily life. Hypertension can be divided into primary hypertension and secondary hypertension, and most patients are primary hypertension. Patients with hypertension need antihypertensive treatment. In the process of antihypertensive treatment, there are many places that need attention in daily life, such as blood pressure monitoring, use of antihypertensive drugs, identification of hypertension emergencies and complications. The following is a detailed introduction:

1. Pay attention to avoid blood pressure dropping too fast.

Patients with hypertension, because the body has adapted to high blood pressure, once the blood pressure drops too fast, it will lead to the loss of vascular regulation function. Especially in brain tissue, it will cause ischemia and hypoxia, slow blood flow, platelet aggregation and increased blood viscosity, but it will promote or aggravate vascular stenosis, and serious cerebral infarction will occur. Therefore, antihypertensive treatment emphasizes smoothness and slowness.

2. Pay attention to blood pressure monitoring

Patients with hypertension should always know the changes of blood pressure to avoid high or low blood pressure. On the one hand, blood pressure monitoring can know the fluctuation of blood pressure in one day, on the other hand, it can evaluate the efficacy of antihypertensive drugs so as to adjust drugs in time. Under normal circumstances, it is recommended to take blood pressure 1 ~ 2 times a week, and take blood pressure once in the morning, noon and evening before and after taking antihypertensive drugs. If you have dizziness, headache and other symptoms, measure your blood pressure at any time.

3. Pay attention to the rational use of antihypertensive drugs.

There are four basic principles in the application of antihypertensive drugs: starting with small doses, optimizing long-acting preparations, combining drugs and individualized drugs. Therefore, it is best to use and adjust antihypertensive drugs under the guidance of medical personnel. It should be reminded that antihypertensive drugs should not be stopped blindly and suddenly, so as not to cause blood pressure rebound and cause cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

4. Pay attention to the treatment of complicated diseases.

Many patients with hypertension suffer from other diseases at the same time, such as hypertension complicated with diabetes, hypertension complicated with hyperlipidemia and so on. At this time, in addition to antihypertensive treatment, we should also pay attention to simultaneous hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering treatment in order to effectively control blood pressure within the normal range.

5. Pay attention to the identification of hypertension emergency.

Hypertension has many complications, among which acute complications often bring fatal consequences to patients. Therefore, it is very important to identify hypertensive emergencies. Patients with hypertension emergency may have nausea, headache, vomiting, chest pain, dyspnea, dizziness and nervous system symptoms. The organs usually involved include eyes, kidneys, heart and brain. Therefore, if patients with hypertension have the above symptoms, please be sure to see a doctor immediately.

In addition to the above points, patients with hypertension should also pay attention to a reasonable diet, scientifically arrange work and rest, develop good living habits, exercise properly, maintain emotional stability, and keep warm in winter. The treatment of hypertension needs comprehensive treatment in many aspects, so it is necessary to carry out health education for patients with hypertension in order to improve their compliance and reduce acute complications.