Edit the occupational health and safety status in this paragraph.
1。 There are 500,000 factories in China with different levels of occupational hazards. The number of people actually exposed to occupational hazards exceeds 2,500. Judging from the cumulative number of workers suffering from occupational diseases, the number of deaths and the number of new patients, China is all in the world. (2) The occupational loss of several billion yuan caused by the injury is nearly 654.38+0 billion yuan, and the annual direct loss causes 8 billion yuan of annual economic loss, which brings devastating disasters to millions of families, and the wounds cannot be healed. Every year, the General Assembly of the International Labour Organization (ILO) criticizes China's remarks on occupational health and safety, and attacks China for "ignoring human rights and using world conferences organized by human rights organizations as an excuse. American Newsweek published an article entitled "Death Factory in Asia" on February 65438+February 65438+2 and June 1994, in which it was written that ... in Asia, industrial safety measures are easier than in China. ..... The most frequent and fatal fire happened in a factory in the south of China, which swallowed up many factories. Millions of workers pour into the triple sweatshop every day. I say this because the workshops in these factories are attracted by cities, warehouses and dormitories, and most workers rarely get education for these girls. Their income comes from the village 1.5 yuan (measured by rural standards, this is a promise to make money). "In 2002, Chinese mainland, Taiwan Province Province, Hongkong and Macau jointly organized four seminars on occupational safety and health. On the issue of occupational health officials in charge in Taiwan Province Province, the reporter said: "There are a large number of Taiwan-funded enterprises in the Pearl River Delta, and some of them have outdated equipment. Every year in Taiwan Province Province, a considerable number of workers run over the arms and fingers of machines. What about you? The person in charge replied: "This is mainly the influence of lax management and poor punishment in Chinese mainland." . In Taiwan Province Province, if such an incident happens, the boss pays high compensation, and if several such incidents happen, the boss will go bankrupt. "Some foreign friendly people expressed concern and worry about the occupational health and safety situation in China. An official of the International Labour Organization once said: "China has become a political and economic force, but it should not be a major industrial accident. " 4。 Group injuries occur from time to time:1979165438+1At 3: 30 on October 25th, the Bohai No.2 drilling rig of the Petroleum Exploration Bureau moved to a new well at the towing and overturning position in Bohai Bay. At that time, there were 74 people on board, 72 people died and the direct economic loss was 37 million yuan. On February 8th, 1994, 1994, Karamay City and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region held a performance in the Friendship Hall. In case of fire, 325 people died and 288 were children. ; On February 25, 2000, a serious fire broke out in Luoyang City and Dongdong Commercial District in the old city of Henan Province, killing 309 people. On February 23, 2003, the northeast gas mine of Zhenchuan, Gao Qiao County, Chongqing, and on June 6, 2003, a large number of highly toxic gas containing hydrogen sulfide spread into the air. 65,000 people were evacuated and resettled. 1October 28th, 2004, 165438+ was located in Chenjiashan Coal Mine, Miaowan Town, Tongchuan Mining Bureau, Yaozhou District, Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province. After the catastrophic gas explosion accident, 187 miners were trapped underground, only 2 1 survived, and the rest 166 were all killed. At about 7: 45 on April 18, 2007, after the ladle falling accident of Tieling City and Liaoning Qinghe Special Steel Co., Ltd., 30 tons of ladle was hoisted in place, dispersed and suddenly fell, and molten steel rushed into a private house in the workshop with a drop of 2-3 meters and 5 meters, causing all the displaced people to die and two operators to be slightly injured.
Edit this paragraph to develop.
1. 1996, the UK issued BS8800 "Guide to Occupational Health and Safety Management System"; Guidance document of "Occupational Health and Safety Management System" formulated by American Industrial Hygiene Association 2.1996; 3. 1997, ANZ put forward the draft of General Guidelines for Principles, Systems and Supporting Technologies of Occupational Health and Safety Management System, JISHA put forward the Guidelines for Occupational Health and Safety Management System, and DNV formulated the Certification Standard for Occupational Health and Safety Management System; 4. 1999, 13 The British Standards Institute (BSI) and the Norwegian Classification Society (DNV) put forward OHSAS standards, namely OHSAS 1800 1 Occupational Health and Safety Management System-Specification and OHSAS1800. This standard is formulated by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), so it cannot be written as "ISO18001"5.1999; On June+10, 5438, the former State Economic and Trade Commission issued the Trial Standard for Occupational Health and Safety Management System, and on February/2 10, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine issued the Occupational Health and Safety Management System, from June+10, 65438.
The function and significance of editing this paragraph.
1。 It provides scientific and effective management tools for enterprises to improve their occupational health and safety performance (2) it is conducive to promoting the implementation of occupational health and safety laws and regulations; 3。 Organize the compulsory behavior of occupational health and safety management from passive to active voluntary behavior to improve occupational health and safety management; 4。 5, help to eliminate trade barriers and bring direct and indirect economic benefits to enterprises; 6。 Established a good social quality and image. Edit this paragraph to understand
(This section and standard training) 1. $ Term (1) accident: an accident of death, illness, injury, damage or other losses. It is necessary to distinguish between accidents and accident symptoms. The situation that causes death, illness, injury, loss or other losses is an accident, and there is no event that causes the above situation. If the fluorescent lamp is dropped, it is an accident to hit someone, but a false alarm is an event. (2) Continuous improvement: according to the occupational health and safety policy, in the process of improving the overall performance of occupational health and safety and strengthening the occupational health and safety management system of the organization. This is what we usually call a long-term mechanism, occupational health and safety management system certification. Even if we don't do it now, we need to keep it for a long time. (3) Hazard: It may lead to injury or illness, property loss, damage or working environment, resulting in the combination of these situations or conditions. (4) Hazard identification: identify the existence of hazards and determine the characteristics in the process. (5) Event: causing or likely to cause an accident. (6) Related parties: individuals or groups affected by the organization's occupational health and safety performance or related occupational health and safety performance. Stakeholders have two characteristics: first, neither of them belongs to Faku County, and second, our stakeholders are very concerned about occupational health and safety. Customers of major stakeholders such as Faku County Bureau, local governments and subordinate units, foreign military officers, police, contractors, engineering contractors and equipment suppliers. (7) Non-conformance: Any deviation from the performance management system in work standards, practices, procedures and regulations may directly or indirectly lead to injury or illness, property loss, environmental damage or a combination of these situations. (8) Objectives: The organization's occupational health and safety performance objectives should be achieved. (9) the combination of the possibility and consequences of a specific risk in a risk situation. (10) risk assessment: risk assessment, to determine the size of the risk and whether it is possible to make the whole process. (1 1) Allowable risks: risk organizations that have been reduced to an acceptable level according to their legal obligations and occupational health and safety policies. (2) Basic elements of occupational health and safety management system (*** 17) 4.2 The occupational health and safety policy must be "observed" and "continuously improved" by senior management, including senior management. 4.3. 1 Hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control plan must consider: ① routine and unconventional activities; (2) All activities of personnel (including contractors and tourists) entering the workplace for the first time; ③ Work facilities (whether provided by the organization or outside). In addition, hazard identification is a dynamic process. As long as the workplace changes (such as office relocation), equipment and facilities (such as buying a new mixer) and processes (such as production to processing, from the original synthesis) change, we need to re-identify the risk sources. 4.3.2 Laws, regulations and other requirements at least meet the existing occupational health and safety laws, regulations and other requirements, and collect the texts of laws and regulations to identify the terms that should be observed or applied. 4.3.3 Objectives and occupational health and safety management schemes are usually used to control impermissible risks, and the objectives must be achievable. If conditions permit, our goals should be quantified to facilitate evaluation. (For example, 1 0,000 days without accidents, 1 0,000% drivers are certified, and other major accidents are zero) 4.3.4 Occupational health and safety Occupational health and safety management plan and organizational management plan must be influenced by responsibilities, authorities, complete timetable and other factors to adapt to the actual situation, otherwise it will not be a complete and standardized management plan. 4.4. 1 The structure and responsibilities of the top management shall designate a management representative to undertake specific responsibilities. As a manager, the role of the manager is to be responsible for the establishment and implementation of the representative system. In addition to the management representative, the occupational health and safety management system should also have one or several employees to participate in consultation and communication. The management representative of the occupational health and safety management system of Shenyang Tobacco Monopoly Bureau (the company) is Li Jianhua, and the top manager is Qiu Chongbo. 4.4.2 Training, awareness and ability training are aimed at improving employees' safety awareness and safety guarantee ability, therefore, their work has been completed. This element focuses on employees' employment qualifications and safety awareness and ability. Such as driver's license and work permit, inspection law enforcement certificate, inspection certificate, boiled health certificate. 4.4.3 Consultation and communication. The main contents of communication and consultation are: participating in the formulation and review of risk management policies and procedures; Participate in the discussion of any changes in the impact of occupational health and safety in the workplace, and participate in occupational health and safety affairs; Understand who is the occupational health and safety representative of employees and employers, and make comments and suggestions on occupational health and safety. 4.4.4 The main purpose of document elements is to establish and maintain enough documents and update them in time, with the purpose of communication and unified action, so as to ensure that the role of the occupational health and safety management system is fully understood and fully and effectively operated. 4.4.5 Document and data control The main purpose of document and data control is easy to find. When the document is changed, it should be communicated to employees in time to ensure that the operation manual of the personnel in this important position is the latest version. 4.4.6 During the period from 4.3. 1 to 4.3.4 (plan), the results obtained according to the implementation plan shall be followed. The core content of the elements of the occupational health and safety management system is also the object that does not meet the focus of the report. 4.4.7 Emergency preparedness and response includes two aspects, one is preparation and the other is response. If possible, these emergency procedures should be tested regularly, which is commonly called emergency drills. Its purpose is to test whether the exercise plan is feasible. 4.5. 1 Main contents of performance measurement and monitoring 4.4.6 Results of process monitoring and inspection. 4.5.2 Accidents, incidents, nonconformities, corrective and preventive measures, corrective measures and corrective measures when this element is found to be in violation of laws, regulations, systems and processes. 4.5.3 Records and record management system, which runs on all kinds of records, the traceability of records, that is, the "well-documented" record management that people often say, must be easy to retrieve, that is, records need to be found, the storage period of records must specify the storage location, and you must quickly find the record time. 4.5.4 Audit is an internal audit of the audited occupational health and safety management system, that is, organizational self-audit, also known as "first-party audit" and usually called "internal" test. 4.6 Management review Management review is the responsibility of senior managers, generally at least once a year. The purpose of management review is to ensure the continuous suitability, adequacy and effectiveness of the occupational health and safety management system. Generally speaking, management review refers to the department that improves the occupational health and safety performance of the system. It is a process that needs the assistance of other departments, or needs a lot of money to prepare for purchasing some projects. It involves too much, and the department cannot independently complete the approval of the higher authorities, so it needs to solve the problem. Characteristics of occupational health and safety management system: (1) Establish a management system to control occupational health and safety performance; (2) Adopt the idea of PDCA cycle management (Deming model, P refers to plan, D refers to implementation and operation, C refers to inspection, and A refers to improvement); (3) Prevention first, continuous improvement and dynamic management; (four) in accordance with the requirements of laws and regulations, the overall system is consistent; (5) Require full participation; (6) It is applicable to all walks of life as the basis for certification. 4. Management function of basic elements of occupational health and safety management system: (1) Hazard source identification, risk assessment and risk control planning are the basis of occupational health and safety management system; (2) The occupational health and safety management system can realize the commitment function that meets the requirements of laws and regulations; (3) Institutional guarantee for monitoring system of occupational health and safety management system (4.5. 1 performance measurement and monitoring); (4) Clear organizational structure and preconditions for implementing occupational health and safety management system; (5) Other elements of the occupational health and safety management system have unique management functions. 5 perfect occupational health and safety management system functions: management level: everything is managed by someone, and everyone has special responsibilities, working procedures, inspection standards and problem solving. Technical level: sufficient human resources and professional knowledge to design, develop, manufacture, inspect and test equipment, instruments, meters, advanced equipment and computer software. The specific work of occupational health and safety management system: six words: say, do, write, ask, change and review. Explain the policies of the organization and explain them according to the requirements of the specific implementation guidelines; Mentality: record the implementation under specific circumstances; Inspection: check the implementation and implementation records; Reform: timely rectify the problems in the implementation process; Experience: Follow up and verify the rectification in time.