Where is the kidney?

The kidney is a solid organ, shaped like a broad bean. The size of the kidney varies from person to person. The average adult male is 10cm long, 5cm wide and 4cm thick, and the average weight is134 ∽148g. Women's kidneys are smaller in size and weight than men of the same age. The kidney is divided into upper and lower ends, inner and outer edges and front and rear sides. The upper end is wide and thin and the lower end is narrow and thick. Protrusion, facing anterolateral, flat back, close to the posterior abdominal wall. The outer edge is convex and the middle of the inner edge is concave, which is the renal hilum, where the blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves and ureters of the kidney enter and exit.

The kidney is located on both sides of the posterior abdominal wall and column, and the right kidney is adjacent to the liver, so it is slightly lower than the left kidney. The upper pole of the left kidney is flat on the lower edge of 1 1 thoracic vertebra, the lower pole is flat on the lower edge of the second lumbar vertebra, the upper pole of the right kidney is flat on the 12 thoracic vertebra, and the lower pole is flat on the third lumbar vertebra. The kidney moves up and down about 1-2cm with breathing. At the time of physical examination, the angle between the lateral margin of erector spinae and the back 12 rib is called the renal area, which is the tapping pain area of the kidney.

The adjacent relationship of the kidney is different from that of the left and right kidneys, and the back of the kidney is close to quadratus lumborum, the outer edge of psoas major and diaphragm. The upper 2/3 of the right kidney touches the left lobe of liver, the lower 1/3 touches the right curvature of colon, and the inner edge touches the descending part of duodenum. The upper 1/3 of the left kidney touches the stomach, the middle 1/3 touches the tail of the pancreas, the lower 1/3 touches the jejunum, the outer upper bucket touches the spleen, and the lower bucket touches the left curvature of the colon.