The investigation shows that the main causes of badminton sports injuries are several common parts and some targeted preventive measures. The following are the common parts and causes of badminton injuries that I sorted out for you, for reference only, hoping to help you.
Common injuries in badminton and their causes 1 Badminton is a net-separated sport, which needs to give full play to the flexibility and coordination of the human body. In recent years, with the rapid development of China's social economy, badminton is widely loved by people because of its simplicity, lightness, beauty and liveliness, and its popularity in China is becoming wider and wider. However, many badminton lovers rely on their own feelings and habits because of lack of scientific exercise or insufficient preparation activities.
As we all know, if you don't pay attention to the standardization and science of movements and play in the wrong posture for a long time, it is easy to cause sports injuries, and serious sports injuries will affect the development of badminton and the improvement of technical level. Therefore, the laws and causes of badminton athletes' sports injuries will be investigated and analyzed in depth, and effective preventive measures will be put forward to minimize the occurrence of sports injuries, so as to make amateur badminton lovers more interested and improve badminton sports ability faster.
First, the general situation of badminton sports injuries
Badminton is generally divided into muscle strain and joint injury:
(1) strain
Muscle strain will occur in almost all sports. Muscle strain is especially common in badminton. According to statistical analysis, the strain accounts for 665,438+0.46%. The wrong hitting posture and technique are the main causes of muscle strain, such as incorrect kicking, crossing and smashing in the backcourt. There are two kinds of muscle strain, active strain and passive strain. To avoid muscle strain, we should not only correctly master the posture and skills of playing, but also strengthen muscle exercise in peacetime.
(2) Joint injury
Joint injuries are also common in badminton. According to the survey, joint injuries accounted for 38.54%, and the common injuries were wrist joint, elbow joint, shoulder joint, knee joint, ankle joint and wrist joint. So it is necessary to warm up fully before exercise. Joint sprain is caused by abnormal joint torsion, which damages other tissues near the joint capsule. Its symptoms are pain, swelling, tenderness and joint movement disorder.
Second, the damage location and damage type
Common injury positions and types in badminton;
Table 2 shows that badminton sports injuries are mainly manifested in shoulder joint, elbow joint, ankle joint, wrist joint and waist, among which shoulder joint is the most vulnerable, accounting for 32.8 1%, followed by ankle joint injury accounting for 28.64%, knee joint injury accounting for 14.06% and elbow joint injury accounting for 9.38%, which is due to the starting, braking and ankle joint injury in badminton footwork. In addition, badminton requires high flexibility of fingers and wrists, so finger and wrist injuries account for12.5%; In addition, due to various injury causes and different muscle strains, waist injuries also accounted for 2.6%.
The main types of badminton sports injuries are: joint ligament sprain, muscle strain, soft tissue injury, patella salvage, bursitis and meniscus injury. Among them, joint ligament sprain and muscle strain account for 32.29% and 23.44% respectively, accounting for more than half of all injuries, which shows how common these two kinds of injuries are in sports. Followed by patella rescue 17.7 1%, soft tissue injury 10.94%, bursitis/5.5 1%, meniscus injury 1.56% and other injuries/8.85%. The investigation found that badminton fans not only have sprained joint ligaments, but also shoulder strain, patella salvage and ankle sprain.
Badminton warm-up activities are not done enough, and it is easy to cause shoulder strain and scapulohumeral periarthritis in whipping actions such as hitting high balls and spiking. In the starting, moving and braking of combined footwork, the knee joint motion lever will be too long, the load will be too large, and the protective structure will be relatively few, which will easily cause strain of the medial and lateral ligaments of the knee joint and joint injury. The anterior and posterior joint capsules of ankle joint are loose, and the ligaments on both sides are too tight. In the process of starting and braking, heel pain and ankle ligament sprain are particularly prone to occur when the heel brake is excessively turned inward and outward or subjected to strong external force.
Third, the cause analysis of damage
The main causes of sports injuries:
The investigation results show that the main functional reasons of muscle strain are incorrect technical movements, insufficient warm-up activities, muscle physiological function not reaching the best exercise state at all, physical fatigue, overload or insufficient physical training level, and overload often causes acute physiological changes of ankle joint and sole. Warm-up is a warm-up exercise that must be done before all kinds of sports begin. Adequate warm-up can improve the excitability of human central nervous system, promote the metabolism of substances and energy in human body, help overcome the inertia of human body, obviously improve the elasticity and toughness of muscles, tendons, ligaments and joint capsules, and effectively prevent sports injuries. In addition, other factors such as physical fatigue or overcharge, unreasonable venue facilities and clothing are also the main causes of injuries.
Four, common damage parts and reasons
Causes of shoulder joint injury
Joint injury is a common sport injury in badminton, accounting for 32.438+0% of the common injuries. This is because in the application of badminton technology, whether it is forehand, backhand golf, backcourt ball or chop ball, it is necessary to hold the racket arm backwards and stretch the chest at the same time. When the ball falls to the hitting point above the forehead, the racket arm is raised above, the elbow moves first, the forearm swings back naturally, the wrist extends backward, and the forearm rotates inward quickly to drive the wrist to whip. However, when the shoulder joint is in abduction state, when doing these rapid movements, the humeral head will produce rotating centrifugal force at the shoulder joint, and at the same time the rotator cuff muscles will contract centrifugally, so that the humeral head can keep its normal position in the joint.
Because hitting and chopping are the main offensive means of badminton, this kind of action has to be repeated countless times in training and competition, so the four small muscles that make up the rotator cuff are often in a centrifugal overload state and collide repeatedly, thus causing rotator cuff injuries, the most common ones are supraspinatus tendinitis, minor injuries of subscapular muscles and teres. In addition, badminton amateurs did not go through formal training, did not master the basic technical movements of high-altitude hitting, and completed the swing hitting without moving their feet to the best hitting point, which led to the rapid hitting of the upper arm of the shoulder joint at 60 ~ 120, and the shoulder joint was accompanied by pronation, which led to serious supraspinatus muscle wear for a long time.
Common mistakes include hitting the ball too low, leveling the high ball and killing the ball when playing the high ball. At the same time, the lower limbs are not used to push the waist, the upper arm is on the shoulder, and the forearm and wrist are whipped, causing the arm to bend. At the same time, the direction of force is not forward and downward and buffering the racket to the other side, but downward and backward, resulting in excessive internal rotation of the shoulder joint and injury. The above mistakes are more common among amateurs. Therefore, shoulder injuries of amateur badminton players are common.
Causes of elbow joint injury
Elbow joint injury is often called tennis elbow. According to the survey, elbow joint injuries account for 9.38% of all injuries, because there are many muscles around the elbow joint that control the movements of fingers, wrists and forearms. Elbow joint injury is generally not easy to find if you don't play ball. Its symptom is that there is no pain when the elbow is at rest, but there is pain when hitting the ball hard.
The main causes of elbow joint injury are incorrect technical movements or excessive local load during practice. There are many movements in badminton, such as wrist flexion and forearm rotation, and all of them use relatively large explosive force. Such as backhand, is done through the wrist flexor of the upper limb. In the process of elbow stroke, the resultant force of extensor is the most concentrated, and the lateral ligament is also the most tight. If the force is too large, it may cause overload and harm to the body. Therefore, in badminton, the probability of elbow injury is also very high.
Cause of wrist injury
Wrist injury is easy to occur in badminton because of the technical requirements of badminton. No matter when hitting the ball, killing the ball, picking the ball, hanging the ball, patting the ball, pushing the ball and hooking the ball, the wrist is required to have the action of stretching back and abduction. The technical requirements are different, which require the wrist to straighten the whip ball quickly, or the wrist to turn from backward extension to adduction and cut the ball quickly. In this rapid backward stretching and whipping action, the wrist also rotates inside and outside at different angles. Therefore, the hand-chest joint is constantly damaged by rotation and crushing. Therefore, badminton lovers should pay special attention to the wrist preparation activities during sports. And we should adhere to the protection of wrist injury for a long time.
Measures to improve wrist injury; You can do wrist strength exercises with small dumbbells to increase wrist strength. The number and weight should be controlled according to personal conditions, and every time you exercise until your arm aches. Or practice 8 characters with a tennis racket, or practice with a heavier badminton racket to strengthen and improve the muscle activity ability of the wrist. Wear a wristband or reinforce it with an elastic bandage when exercising. The amount of practice is also based on personal circumstances.
According to the investigation and analysis, knee joint injury is also a common injury in badminton, accounting for 14.06% of all injuries. In badminton competition. In a short distance, there are often repeated and instantaneous direction changes, such as sideways, forward flexion, backward extension, take-off, striding and backward pedaling. The knee joint continues to bear intense tensile stress and traction. Once any action is uncoordinated or overburdened, it will cause acute injury caused by excessive and strenuous exercise.
The stronger the strength of the knee fruit, the stronger the ability to bear the load during exercise, and the less likely it is to be injured. When doing strength enhancement exercises, the knee flexion angle can be increased from small to large, and gradually increased to no more than 92 degrees, and each exercise time can be gradually increased from a short time to more than half an hour. You can wear knee pads to protect your knees from injury when practicing and exercising.
Causes of ankle injury
Because ankle joint is an important load-bearing joint of human body, it is particularly vulnerable to injury in badminton. According to investigation and analysis, the ankle injury rate is 28.65%. And like other major joints of lower limbs, the stability of ankle joint is of great significance to reduce injury and maintain motor function. Badminton players are constantly striding around on the court or taking off to kill the ball. At the moment when their feet touch the ground, their body center of gravity is unstable, and they often land on the front and outside of their feet first, and then transition to the whole foot.
When badminton players run, jump, make an emergency stop and twist their hips on the training ground, it will make it difficult for their feet to control their balance, which will lead to eversion of their ankles. Because the badminton player has to move quickly in the direction of the incoming ball, he almost moves on the mat with his feet. When the player pushes his feet forward to make his toes stand upright, the bending angle of the ankle joint will increase, thus forcing the joint surface to increase. Once a sprain occurs, it will reduce the stability of the ankle joint. In the long run, the ankle joint will often suffer from habitual sprain, and its contact surface will be significantly reduced, so the endurance will continue to decrease, which is the biggest cause of ankle degenerative arthritis. In addition, the injury of lateral collateral ligament of ankle joint is not a problem that can not be ignored.
Causes of waist injury
Because of the technical characteristics of badminton, the waist is often in constant forward flexion or over-extension, so which step to catch the ball, rub the tennis ball or spike it step by step, kill the ball and hit the high ball in the backcourt. Doing these actions repeatedly during exercise is easy to damage the waist.
Badminton lovers' inattention, too relaxed muscles, incorrect movements and insufficient warm-up activities are all likely to cause acute injury of lumbar sprain. When acute lumbar sprain occurs, the waist will feel persistent local pain, and the symptoms of coughing and sneezing will be more serious. The next day may be more serious because of local bleeding, swelling and low back pain. Some people just twist their waist a little, and they don't feel obvious pain at that time, but they will feel back pain the next day after rest, and their waist activities are limited. It is difficult to stand upright, stand upright, bend over, lean back and twist, and coughing and sneezing will aggravate the pain. The pain is mild when resting, and severe when exercising or coughing.
When an acute lumbar sprain occurs, stop exercising immediately, and those who are serious will be sent to the hospital immediately to prevent the delayed treatment from turning into chronic injury. In the early stage of sprain, you should sleep on a hard bed, pay attention to warmth and rest, and it is important to rest for more than three weeks. After recovery, you should try to avoid spraining again, and if necessary, you can take a wide belt to protect your waist.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) prevention and suggestion
(1) Strengthen the awareness of physical exercise, improve the ability of self-protection, develop good health habits, and pay attention to adequate preparation for exercise, including special auxiliary activities, so as to avoid the occurrence of acute injuries.
(2) Standardize technical movements, attach importance to the analysis and understanding of technology, and conduct teaching and training in strict accordance with the formation law of movement technology.
(3) Pay attention to the development of badminton physical fitness, strengthen the practice of vulnerable parts and adjust better physical function. Especially the strength and flexibility of lower limb joints and muscles, especially the strength and flexibility exercises of upper and lower limb joints and muscles.
To sum up, badminton sports injuries are mainly reflected in the shoulder joint, knee joint, ankle joint, wrist joint, elbow joint and waist; The main causes of injury are insufficient preparation activities, unreasonable technical movements, physical fatigue and unqualified facilities.
In order to avoid injuries in badminton as much as possible, it is necessary to constantly strengthen people's awareness of physical exercise, improve their self-protection ability, standardize technical movements and improve badminton venues and facilities. In a word, only by fully understanding the injuries of badminton and mastering relevant preventive measures can people enjoy the happiness brought by badminton better.
Common injuries in badminton and their causes 2 Abstract: With the gradual acceleration of the pace of high-level social and cultural life, more and more people have some major physical problems, and sports are playing an increasingly important role in a series of healthy lives. As a result, a series of sports such as badminton are deeply loved by people because of their high participation. However, while it brings happiness and relaxation, it also produces some unexpected injuries, such as ankle sprain, knee joint injury, achilles tendon rupture, waist sprain and so on. This is also the personal experience shared by some badminton fans.
Keywords: literature review badminton sports injury prevention measures
Badminton, as a highly active sports event, often starts repeatedly in a short distance, which requires higher requirements for some walking steps, speed, flexibility, endurance and explosive force triggered by strength. Because some technical movements are very irregular, some injuries caused by excessive fatigue will also increase. The investigation shows that the main causes of badminton sports injuries are several common parts and some targeted preventive measures.
First, some reasons for some injuries in badminton.
Some fans should pay special attention to how to protect their wrists when playing badminton. We must persist in the prevention of wrist injuries for a long time. Some methods can be used to improve wrist injury.
(A) some major improvement measures for tennis elbow injury
You must fully move your joints before playing, swing for a few minutes before playing, and gradually increase your strength when you start playing, especially in the cold winter. Be sure to thicken the handle of the corresponding part of the racket. Generally speaking, the rackets produced by some manufacturers are always the thinnest, so that everyone can use them simply.
1. Do some damage to the ankle. Because after spraining your ankle, you must never continue to do some very strenuous exercise. You can't rub it immediately, and you can't do some treatment without checking the severity of the injury, but you must rinse it with cold water immediately to achieve the ultimate goal of cold compress to stop bleeding. Because the ankle joint will swell up quickly during the whole washing process, if it is seriously injured, it will bring some trouble to the treatment.
2. The main symptoms of some ankle injuries. Ankle injury must be based on different parts, and some symptoms will be different. The most important thing is that when the lateral ankle is injured, some depressions in the front and lower parts of the lateral ankle appear different degrees of swelling or some subcutaneous congestion. In severe cases, the affected foot can't fully support or stand, which leads to not only simple ligament tear, but also most tenderness places are mainly distributed under the lateral ankle joint.
3. Measures to improve the prevention of ankle injury. Be sure to pay attention to a certain warm-up before exercise, and also pay attention to the tightness of shoes (not too loose). Because in sports, we must pay great attention to avoid excessive fatigue as much as possible, or to avoid going all out. Be sure to jump as little as possible. At the same time, it is necessary to further strengthen the repeated exercises of some muscles around the ankle joint, such as lifting the heel, walking toes or jumping toes.
(2) Some main measures should be taken for the sprained lumbar muscles.
When some acute lumbar muscle sprains occur, accompanied by some persistent or localized pain in the waist, symptoms such as cough and sneezing gradually worsen, and bleeding, swelling, low back pain, etc. caused by local conditions may occur the next day. Some people just twisted their waist a little, and there was no obvious pain at that time, but once they rested, they would feel very painful at the waist the next day. Moreover, activities below the waist are also restricted. Therefore, the waist can't be straight, or it is very difficult to bend over, lean back and twist, and coughing and sneezing will also aggravate the pain sharply.
Second, some measures related to achilles tendon rupture should also be strengthened and gradually improved.
Before exercise, we must do some sufficient preparation activities in order to adjust an exciting point of our body to the best and appropriate state and further strengthen some functional activities of various parts of our body. Therefore, we should pay attention to the need to further strengthen and protect ourselves. Because it is appropriate to use a sheath at the ankle joint to increase a certain amount of exercise, and it must be a gradual process. If you suddenly feel tired or painful during exercise, you need to rest for a few days. Because after strenuous exercise, you must pay more attention to rest and ask for some moderate relaxation. Therefore, it is also very important to master some techniques and other action essentials more correctly. At the same time, before you start practicing, you should master some technical essentials. In some sports such as badminton, thigh muscles are also the most easily strained.
Third, summary.
By mastering some standardized movement techniques, we can also prevent some injuries of wrists, rotator cuffs and ankles, which can play a very good preventive role. Therefore, we must ask a professional badminton coach for corresponding guidance, or read a large number of related books to fully understand and master some correct action essentials, which will help some fans to fully master some standardized action techniques. Be sure to do some well-prepared activities before exercise. Especially in several main parts that are very easy to be injured, especially wrist and shoulder joint plus waist and ankle joint, thigh and other related parts. Therefore, in the case of low temperature in autumn and winter, the range of human joint activities must be reduced, because some stretching degrees of ligaments will be relatively reduced, so we should make some corresponding preparations.
References:
Fan Fei. Common sports injuries in badminton and their causes and prevention [J]. Sports goods and technology. 20 15 ( 12): 153- 154.
[2] Li. Common sports injuries in badminton and their preventive measures [J]. Management and Technology of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (next issue). 201(03):117-18.
[3] That Eastern Xia. Badminton Sports Injury and Its Prevention [J]. Sports World (Academic Edition) .2012 (06): 23-24.
;