Problem description:
Everyone knows that you can't take medicine when you are pregnant. Do people who have been pregnant for so long get angry easily? How to treat it?
Analysis:
If we blindly use our usual cool food (such as herbal tea, lotus seed soup, mung beans, etc. It is not suitable for women, especially pregnant women and wet nurses. as a result of
1. The "fire" of "getting angry"-real heat and virtual fire, you must find out what kind of "fire" you are on before eating complementary food. Generally speaking, men have more excess heat and women have more deficiency fire. Moreover, you must find out what kind of fire you get angry with-such as lung heat, stomach heat or heart fire.
2. Although there are more female asthenic fire (foods that can nourish yin and reduce fire can never be used to remove excess heat), there are also times when excess heat occurs. Therefore, women should pay special attention when there is excess heat: cold food or drugs (such as herbal tea and lotus plumule) that can remove excess heat are more likely to damage Yin Qi, so when using these foods for dietotherapy, we must pay attention to eating other foods that can nourish yin, so as to achieve real dietotherapy effect.
3. Pregnant women are generally hot because of their strong qi and blood. Remember not to use cold food for diet therapy, and drink more cold vegetable soup and mung bean water.
4. Breast-feeding mothers are prone to get angry, generally because of blood deficiency and qi deficiency, and are prone to yin deficiency and fire. Excessive internal heat is a food or medicine that cannot be used for excess heat, otherwise their constitution will be weaker. At this time, it is even more necessary to know their physical condition (such as liver and kidney yin deficiency, blood deficiency or qi deficiency, etc.). ), and symptomatic food supplement is effective.
Pregnancy process and precautions (one month pregnant)
The algorithm of pregnancy is to calculate the number of days and weeks of pregnancy from the first day of the last menstruation. The menstrual cycle is 28 days. Usually, you will not get pregnant before 14 days, so you will get pregnant after the last menstrual period 14 days. Therefore, pregnant women know that their pregnancy period is only 2 weeks of the first pregnancy.
1. Fetal growth
About 7- 10 days after fertilization, the fertilized egg is implanted in the endometrium, absorbs nutrients from the mother and begins to develop. The first eight weeks should be called embryos, not fetuses.
The embryo in the third trimester is about 0.5- 1.0 cm in size and less than 1 g in weight, but its shape can be seen by naked eyes. Externally, the embryo can't clearly distinguish between the head and the body, but has a gill arch and a tail, which is no different from the embryonic development of other animals.
At this point, the placenta begins to take shape, and the fetal membrane (also called chorion) is also formed at this time.
2. The change of matrix
In fact, a fertilized egg cannot be called pregnancy within one week after its formation. Pregnant women begin to show signs of pregnancy, usually after two weeks, so there are no symptoms during this period.
But some people will have symptoms such as chills, fever, laziness, lethargy and difficulty sleeping. Because I didn't realize I was pregnant for a while, I often mistakenly thought I had a cold.
At this time, the size of the uterus is the same as when it was not pregnant, and it has not increased.
3. Matters needing attention in life
Women who are pregnant for the first time will experience a series of physiological and psychological changes. Because it is the first time, pregnant women often don't realize, have no plans to give birth, or simply don't understand the body's reaction, so that eating drugs by mistake or ignoring the details of life are likely to have adverse effects on the fetus and the mother.
As far as physical reaction is concerned, the symptoms of a cold may be similar in the early pregnancy. Buying drugs at random will not only fail to achieve the therapeutic effect, but may even give birth to deformed children! Therefore, under any circumstances on weekdays, don't eat Chinese medicine at will. The safest way is to see a doctor and find out the cause.
If you feel unwell, don't do strenuous exercise or travel at this time to avoid accidental abortion. In addition, don't take X-rays unless necessary. You should check your physical condition first to make sure you are pregnant.
These details of life, in the case of good health and normal work, occasionally seem unimportant, but if they are pregnant, they are likely to be fatal. In order to avoid regret, we must be careful.
4. What should you know and prepare
At this time, although there is nothing to be specially prepared, there will be pregnancy vomiting about one month after pregnancy. You should prepare more foods to relieve pregnancy vomiting, such as sour plums and fruits.
Pregnancy process and precautions (two months pregnant)
1. Fetal growth
In the seventh week of pregnancy, the embryo is about 2.5 cm long and weighs about 4 grams. Heart, stomach, intestine, liver and other internal organs and brain began to differentiate, and organs such as hands, feet, eyes, mouth and ears have been formed. It can be said that it is getting closer to the human body, but it is still small and big.
The chorion is more developed, the placenta is formed, the umbilical cord appears, and the relationship between mother and fetus is very close.
2. The change of matrix
The basal body temperature is at a high temperature, which will last until 14- 19 days.
The body is lazy and hot, and the lower abdomen and waist are slightly protruding. * * * When there is pain, * * * has pain, dark color, frequent urination, irritability, stomach discomfort and morning sickness. Some people even have dizziness, nosebleeds, and rapid heartbeat. These are all early unique phenomena, so don't worry too much.
At this time, the uterus is like a goose egg, which is a little bigger than when it is not pregnant, but the surface of the pregnant woman's abdomen has not changed much.
3. Matters needing attention
Pregnant women are very prone to miscarriage during this period, so special attention should be paid to carrying heavy objects or strenuous exercise to minimize housework and going out. Don't overwork, rest more, get enough sleep and control your sex life. Don't take a bath when you feel particularly tired, go to bed early. Leucorrhea increases during pregnancy. After urinating, use absorbent cotton soaked in warm water or boric acid water to scrub the external genitals from front to back to keep them clean. And pay attention to keep the stool unobstructed. If there is bleeding such as lower abdominal pain, waist weakness or soreness, you should go to the hospital immediately.
This period is an important period for the fetus to form brain and internal organs. Don't take X-rays, and don't take medicine easily, especially to avoid catching a cold.
Smoking and drinking will bring bad effects to the fetus, so don't try either. If you have cats, dogs, birds and other pets at home, you should avoid contact as much as possible to avoid infection with blood protozoa. It's best to give these pets to others, or to temporarily foster them in a friend's house.
4. What should you know and prepare
Obstetrics and gynecology hospitals and doctors should choose carefully, because it is related to regular examination and hospital delivery in the future.
Pregnancy process and precautions (three months pregnant)
1. Fetal growth
At this point, when this period is over, the embryo can be officially called "fetus". The fetus is about 7.5-9 cm long and weighs about 20 grams.
The tail disappears completely, the shapes of eyes, nose, mouth, ears and other organs are clearly discernible, and the hands, feet and fingers are also clear at a glance, almost exactly the same as ordinary people.
The internal organs are more developed, the kidneys and external organs are all grown up, the urethra is made and excreted, and the fetus will be filled with amniotic fluid.
2. The change of matrix
This month is the most serious period of morning sickness. In addition to nausea, the stomach condition is not good, and there will be symptoms such as chest tightness.
The abdomen is not too big, but because the uterus is as big as a fist, it will directly oppress the bladder, causing frequent urination, and the waist will feel pain and the legs and feet will swell. In addition, secretions will increase, prone to constipation and diarrhea. However, from the third trimester, the pregnancy reaction was greatly relieved, the appetite increased, and the weight lost began to pick up. At the same time, most people with uterine contraction begin to turn to uterine contraction.
* * * is more swollen, and areola and * * * are darker.
3. Matters needing attention in life
Just like when I was two months pregnant. I am prone to miscarriage at this time, so I must pay special attention to the details of my life.
Usually, if you have the habit of doing exercise, you can continue it, but you must relax and do it effortlessly, such as doing aerobics or walking to stretch your muscles. You should avoid strenuous exercise, carrying heavy objects and traveling long distances. As for housework, please share it with your husband, don't be forced, go up and down the stairs smoothly, and pay special attention to not being oppressed at any time.
Professional women who go to work should keep a happy working mood, and don't affect the development of the fetus because of excessive psychological burden and pressure. At this time, if you can get the understanding of your colleagues and superiors, it should not be a problem to continue working.
At this stage, it is best for couples not to have sexual relations, at least they need to be temperate and avoid oppression on the abdomen. The shorter the time, the better.
In addition, in order to prevent constipation, it is best to get into the habit of going to the toilet regularly every day and drink cold milk or cold water after getting up in the morning. Don't catch cold in the lower abdomen, always keep warm, don't stay up late, and live a regular life. If the secretion increases, it is easy to breed germs, so take a bath every day to keep your body clean.
If there is lower abdominal pain or slight bleeding, it may be a sign of miscarriage, and you should go to the hospital immediately.
4. What should you know and prepare
At least before this period, you should receive the first prenatal consultation and then have a regular check-up every 3-4 weeks.
Pregnancy process and precautions (four months pregnant)
1. Fetal growth
At the end of 15 weeks, the fetus is about 16 cm in length and 120 g in weight.
At this time, it is completely human in appearance, and men and women can be identified by the difference between * * * *. The skin begins to grow fetal hair, the skeletal muscles gradually develop, the hands and feet can do slight activities, the internal organs are basically completed, and the heart beats lively. Heart sounds can be measured with an ultrasonic stethoscope.
2. The change of matrix
The painful morning sickness is over. Pregnant women will feel more comfortable, and their appetite will begin to increase. Frequent urination and constipation gradually returned to normal, but the secretion did not decrease.
At the end of this stage, the placenta has been completed, and the possibility of abortion has been greatly reduced, which can be regarded as entering a stable period.
The uterus is as big as a child's head, and you can see the situation of "big belly" from the appearance. The basal body temperature drops until delivery, and it will remain low.
3. Matters needing attention in life
Uncomfortable symptoms such as morning sickness and oppression disappeared, and the body and mind were stable, but we still need to be careful. This is an important period of placenta completion. It's best to keep your body and mind calm, so as not to disturb the fetal qi.
In order to make the fetus develop well, it is necessary to take in adequate nutrition, and protein, calcium, iron, vitamins and other nutrients should be balanced, not partial eclipse. Anemia in pregnancy may occur at this time, so the absorption of iron is particularly important.
The body is prone to sweating, increased secretions, and easy to be infected by germs. You must take a bath every day and change your underwear frequently.
4. What should you know and prepare
Pregnant women should fully absorb all the knowledge about pregnancy and childbirth. In addition to eliminating anxiety and fear during pregnancy, it can also help smooth delivery. At present, there is a complete set of pregnancy books for pregnant women to buy. So pregnant women can buy it in a nearby bookstore.
In addition, in order to make production easier, it's best to start making some pregnant women gymnastics, but it should be limited to the range of physical load, and don't be too reluctant.
I won't be able to put on my usual clothes in another month, so I'll prepare myself when I'm in good health. When you go to the street for a haircut, you can ask the master to design a hairstyle that is easy to wash and tidy, which will not only make people look refreshed, but also make people feel happy. Enlarging loose underwear is also an essential pregnancy product, and the period of four months of pregnancy is the period when rare hydatidiform mole can be found. For example, if you find a black blood clot on * *, sometimes there is blood flowing out (of course, there is also the possibility of miscarriage), you should go to the hospital for examination. In pregnancy with hydatidiform mole, in most cases, the fetus has died in the uterus, and the villous tissue that constitutes the placenta is abnormally developed. There are a lot of gonadotropins in pregnant women's urine, resulting in edema and proteinuria, which leads to serious reactions in early pregnancy.
Pregnancy process and precautions (five months pregnant)
1. Fetal growth
At the end of this period, the fetus is about 25 cm long and weighs between 250 and 300 grams.
The size of the head is about one-third of the body length, the shape of the nose and mouth will gradually become obvious, and the hair and nails will begin to grow. The whole body is covered with fetal hair, subcutaneous fat also begins to form, and the skin is opaque red. The pulse of the heart has also increased and its strength has also increased. In the case of a baby girl, * * * develops and takes shape.
The bones and muscles developed further, the hands and feet became more active, and the mother began to feel fetal movement.
2. The change of matrix
The uterus is as big as an adult's head, and the height of the uterine bottom is above the pubic bone 15- 18 cm. The belly is already there, which makes people know that it is a standard pregnant woman. Moreover, * * * and hip circumference are enlarged, subcutaneous fat is thickened, weight is increased, and edema appears all over the body.
If you have a slight morning sickness in the previous month, it will disappear completely at this time, your appetite will remain undiminished, and your body and mind will reach a stable period.
At this time, you can feel the fetal movement slightly, which may not be obvious at first, but there will be peristalsis in the intestine and stomach discomfort. During this period, pregnant women often feel thirsty and tinnitus, but they do not have a fever. These are internal changes caused by pregnancy, not pathological, and can heal themselves after delivery.
Fetal movement is the best way to understand fetal development. Pregnant women should write down the date of the first fetal movement for the doctor's reference.
3. Things to pay attention to in life
In the fifth month of pregnancy, we should pay attention to the heat preservation of the abdomen to prevent the abdomen from relaxing. It is best to use abdominal belt, abdominal belt or abdominal protective cover.
* * * Swelling, it's best to change into a larger bra. Some people may have a little milk.
Fetal development is accelerating day by day and needs adequate nutrition. Especially when iron is insufficient, it is easy to cause maternal anemia, and it will also affect fetal health in severe cases.
This is the most stable period during pregnancy. If you want to travel or move, take this opportunity, but pregnant women should avoid overwork.
You should know and prepare.
Baby supplies and necessary supplies for childbirth should be listed and prepared.
If your teeth need treatment, you must start immediately and pay more attention to oral hygiene. In addition, pregnant women in this period should fill in the Manual of Perinatal Health Care (Manual of Maternal and Child Health Care) and accept all the tests in the manual. These checks are very important. If there are any missing items or missed inspection opportunities, please make up the inspection and record the inspection results.
Pregnancy process and precautions (six months pregnant)
1. Fetal growth
It is 30 centimeters long and weighs about 600-750 grams.
Bones are stronger, hair is longer, and eyebrows and eyelashes are beginning to grow. The face is clearer and more human, but it is still thin and wrinkled all over.
Sebaceous glands began to secrete and grow white fat-like fetal fat, covering the skin surface. The gastrointestinal tract will absorb amniotic fluid, and the kidneys will excrete urine, which has completed the preparation for delivery. In case of miscarriage at this time, the baby can grow up healthily as long as it is taken good care of in the incubator.
At this time, fetal sounds can be recognized by stethoscope. Doctors can determine the position of the fetus in the uterine cavity by touching the fetal head and buttocks on the abdominal wall of pregnant women.
2. The change of matrix
The uterus is large, and the height of the uterine bottom is about 18-20 cm. The belly will swell more and more, the weight will increase day by day, the waist will become heavier, and the usual movements will be more laborious and slow.
The development of * * * is more vigorous, not only the appearance is full, but also the yellowish thin milk "colostrum" will flow out when squeezed hard, and the secretion will be greatly increased.
During this period, almost all pregnant women can obviously feel fetal movement.
3. Matters needing attention in life
After the pregnant woman's stomach gets bigger and bulges, her body's center of gravity also changes, and she walks unsteadily and is prone to fatigue. Especially when you bend forward or make other unusual gestures, you will feel low back pain. Pay special attention to safety when going up and down stairs and climbing to the upper right.
At this time, the body has been able to fully adapt to the state of pregnancy, and the body and mind tend to be carefree. It is best to take more walks or do moderate gymnastics, and get enough rest and sleep. Short-distance travel and sex life don't have to be avoided deliberately, and still follow the normal pace of life.
In order to maintain the health of mother and fetus, the intake of various nutrients in the diet should be balanced, especially the requirements of iron, calcium and protein should be increased, but the salt should be specially controlled.
Constipation is easy during this period, so you should always eat fruits and vegetables rich in cellulose. Milk is a very beneficial drink for defecation and should be drunk more. But when the secret is serious, it is best to ask the doctor how to improve it.
4. What should you know and prepare
In order to breastfeed smoothly after delivery, we should pay attention to the nursing problems of * * * at this time. Especially pregnant women who are flat and concave must be corrected first. Do an anemia test. If you are attacked, you should receive treatment. Pregnant women with Rh negative blood type should check whether there is antibody titer in the blood when their husbands are positive.
Husband and wife should read and discuss the knowledge of parenting more, and make psychological preparations for the birth of the baby.
Pregnancy process and precautions (seven months pregnant)
1. Fetal growth
It is about 36-40cm long and weighs about1000-1200 g. The upper and lower eyelids have been formed, the nostrils are open, and the appearance can be distinguished, but the subcutaneous fat is not enough, and the skin is dark red and wrinkled. The face will look like an old man.
The brain begins to develop and can control the movements of the body by itself. The testis of male fetus has not yet fallen into vagina; The big * * * of the female fetus is not yet mature.
The ability of the fetus to adapt to life in vitro is not fully possessed. If you are born at this time, if there is no good rain, you will be stunted or die of premature birth.
2. The change of matrix
The fundus of uterus is about 23-26 cm high, and the upper abdomen has also been obviously protruding and swollen. The abdomen protrudes forward into a linear bow, and often feels backache when used together.
The muscles of the uterus are sensitive to all kinds of * * *, and the fetal movement is becoming more and more frequent, occasionally contracting, and * * * is more developed.
3. Matters needing attention in life
Because of the paunch, the body will be unstable, and the eyes can't see the feet, especially when going up and down the stairs.
During this period, if the mother has excessive contact with the outside world, she will be in danger of premature delivery. She should avoid strenuous exercise and should not be in a position to press her abdomen.
Standing for a long time and oppressing the lower body can easily cause varicose veins or edema of the feet. Frequent foot rest can avoid these problems. If varicose veins appear, you should wear elastic socks to relieve the symptoms.
Pay attention to balanced nutrition intake in diet, especially foods rich in calcium and iron. Excessive intake of water and salt can easily lead to toxemia of pregnancy and must be strictly controlled.
4. What should you know and prepare
Almost all the fetuses born in this period are stunted premature babies. In an emergency, hospital supplies should be ready.
In addition, large items such as cribs, nursery rooms or places where babies are placed should also be prepared.
Within a few weeks after delivery, pregnant women often need to recuperate and may not have time to arrange their hair, so when they are in good health, they can go to the hairline to have a refreshing hairstyle.
Pregnancy process and precautions (eight months pregnant)
1. Fetal growth
The body length is about 4 1-44cm and the weight is about1600-1800 g.
The body development of the fetus has been completed, the skin is muscular and ruddy, but the face is still full of wrinkles, and the nervous system has begun to develop, which will respond to strong sounds in vitro. The fetal movement will be more lively and powerful, and sometimes even kick the mother's abdomen.
At this time, the fetal head should be facing down, which is the normal fetal position.
Generally speaking, the fetus has the ability to live outside the uterus, but pregnant women still need special care.
2. The change of matrix
The lower abdomen is prominent, and the height of the fundus is 27-29 cm.
The internal organs are pushed upward, and the heart and lungs are compressed. Sometimes I feel difficult to breathe, my stomach is squeezed, and it is easy to lose my appetite.
Waist and other parts will feel sore, lower limbs edema, varicose veins emerge, in addition, there will be other symptoms. At this time, it can be described as a painful period of second-degree morning sickness.
Abdominal skin is tight, subcutaneous tissue is broken and purple stretch marks can be seen everywhere. The skin around the lower abdomen, * * * and outside * * * turns black due to melanin precipitation, and the brown spots during pregnancy will be very obvious. These are physiological changes of the skin during pregnancy, not abnormalities.
Psychologically, I will fall into a state of tension again, and it is often difficult to sleep.
3. Matters needing attention in life
This period is prone to pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome. If you wake up in the morning and the edema is still there, or gain more than 500 grams in a week, you should go to the hospital as soon as possible.
Pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome is terrible, but as long as it is found early and treated in time, it should not be a big problem. So starting from this month, it's best to change the routine prenatal examination to once every two weeks, and don't ignore it.
Take more rest at ordinary times, don't overwork, and control the intake of water and salt. In addition, prevent infection with influenza.
4. What should you know and prepare
Begin to prepare for delivery, and practice the auxiliary actions such as breathing, * * *, pressing and forcing during delivery. Newborns born after 8 months of pregnancy can be fed in an incubator and specially cared for by the hospital. The mortality rate of this kind of premature infants is 1/3. Moreover, a large number of premature babies can't meet the standards of normal children even if they reach school age.
Pregnancy process and precautions (nine months pregnant)
1. Fetal growth
At the end of this period, the fetus is about 47-48 cm long and weighs about 2400-2700 grams.
You can see that the subcutaneous fat is intact, and the figure is round and quite cute. The fetal hair on the face, chest, abdomen, hands and feet is gradually thinning, and the shiny pink and wrinkles of the skin disappear. At this time, a baby's face will appear and the nails will grow to the fingertips.
The testicles of the baby boy fall into the scrotum, the baby girl begins to develop, the visceral function configuration is complete, and the pulmonary function adjustment is completed, which can adapt to the life outside the uterus. The fetal movement is fierce, and sometimes it scares the mother. The 9-month-old baby is very small, but its internal function is quite perfect. As long as you care carefully, you can still grow up healthily and rapidly.
2. The change of matrix
The belly is getting bigger and bigger, and the height of the fundus is about 30-32 cm, rising to the middle of the Shu Tu and the navel.
The swelling of the uterus leads to the oppression of the stomach, lungs and heart, so you will feel stuffy in your heart, don't want to eat, your heartbeat and asthma will intensify, and you will have difficulty breathing.
Sometimes the abdomen will be very hard and tense, so you should take a rest method of lying flat. Secretion is still increasing, the frequency of urination is also increasing, and there will still be urination after urination.
3. Matters needing attention in life
Mother's physical strength is greatly reduced, and she is prone to fatigue. In order to reserve your strength for childbirth, you should have enough sleep and rest. The rest time after finishing housework should also be extended, but don't forget moderate exercise. It is best to wear shoes with low heels and balanced shoes to keep balance.
At this time, don't arbitrarily * * * the uterus, and because of the possibility of premature delivery, it is best to suppress sexual life.
Don't eat too much at a time, it is better to eat less, and eat digestible and nutritious food.
4. What should I prepare and understand?
Pregnant women who want to go back to their parents' home to give birth had better start now, no later than thirty-six weeks, and choose to take transportation with little vibration during the day, preferably a short-time direct bus. Before that, you'd better go back to your mother's house and have a check-up at the hospital where you are scheduled to give birth. If you can't go, ask your family to help you find it and make an appointment in advance. When you go back to your mother's house to give birth, you should immediately go to the hospital where the delivery is scheduled. Of course, don't forget to bring your previous inspection records. Before you prepare for hospitalization, you should carefully check the delivered materials to avoid missing anything.
Pregnancy process and precautions (ten months pregnant)
1. Fetal growth
The fetus is about 50-5 1cm long and weighs about 2900-3400g g.
The subcutaneous fat continues to thicken, the body is round, and the skin is wrinkle-free, showing a shiny reddish color.
The bones are strong, the skull is hard, the nails extend to the foreign minister's fingertips, and the hair grows about 2 or 3 centimeters. Viscera, muscles, nerves, etc. are well developed and fully equipped to live outside the mother's body.
The body of the fetus is about four times as long as the head. Under normal circumstances, it is embedded in the maternal pelvis and has limited mobility.
2. The change of matrix
The fundus of uterus is about 33-35 cm high. The position of the fetus drops, and the feeling of the protruding part of the abdomen is slightly reduced. At the same time, the pressure on the stomach and heart is reduced, and the appetite gradually returns to normal. However, after the fetus descends, the pressure on the bladder and large intestine increases, and frequent urination and constipation become more serious. In addition, the lower limbs also feel difficult to move.
When the body is ready for delivery, the uterus and uterus tend to soften, expand and contract easily, and the secretion increases to facilitate the fetus to pass through the birth canal. Moreover, the uterus contracts frequently, and symptoms of childbirth begin to appear.
3. Matters needing attention in life
Because there is the possibility of water breaking and pain at any time, it is necessary to avoid going out alone, going out for a long time or being away for a long time.
Nothing special. It's best to stay at home and prepare for delivery. Proper exercise is indispensable, but it should not be excessive, so as not to consume too much energy and hinder delivery. Nutrition, sleep and rest must be adequate.
Keep your body clean and change your underwear frequently. If there are signs of childbirth such as broken water or bleeding, you can't take a bath anymore, so it's best to take a bath every day before that.
From the beginning of pregnancy, a fertilized egg develops into a mature fetus weighing 3 kg. During these 280 days, the growth and development of the fetus depend entirely on the nutritional supply of the mother. How do you know whether the calorie intake during pregnancy is appropriate? A simple self-check method is to observe the weight changes in the middle and late stages, and gain 0.4-0.5 kg per week. Insufficient and excessive intake of heat energy is useless.
Early pregnancy (0-3 months): The weight gain of pregnant women is slow, with little change, and the weight gain does not exceed 1 kg. At this time, various tissues and organs of the embryo are formed, which has a great influence on environmental factors, including malnutrition and the nutritional status of the mother.
This situation is very important for the sustained growth and normal development of the fetus. During this period, due to endocrine and metabolic changes, pregnant women often have different degrees of pregnancy reactions, such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite and so on. And the arrangement of meals should be based on everyone's situation and pay attention to comprehensive nutrition. It is necessary to consume more than 150g of carbohydrates every day to avoid the high ketone body in pregnant women's blood due to hunger, which will adversely affect the development of fetal brain; Protein's daily intake should be no less than 40-50g to ensure basic needs.
Food supply and dietary distribution should be diversified, mainly light and less greasy, and eat less and eat more meals. Try to take care of pregnant women's personal eating habits and hobbies without affecting their health, but bad and unscientific eating habits and hobbies should be corrected. Pregnant women should avoid smoking and drinking and drink too much strong tea and coffee. In order to reduce nausea and vomiting, you can eat some digestible and dry foods, such as biscuits, steamed bread, toast and cakes. And eat more fruits and vegetables rich in water, which can supplement water, vitamin C, B vitamins and inorganic salts such as calcium and potassium, which can alleviate the feeling of pregnancy discomfort.
Mid-pregnancy (April-June): During this period, pregnant mothers began to store a lot of nutrients such as protein, fat and calcium, so as to make material preparations for the consumption during childbirth and lactation. During this period, pregnant women can gain 5-6 kilograms. Therefore, the demand of pregnant women for heat energy and various nutrients in the second trimester of pregnancy should be significantly increased. For example, every day, 200 kilocalories (0.8 megajoules) of heat energy, 15g of protein, 200mg of calcium, 10mg of iron, 200mg of vitamin A, 0.6mg of vitamin B 1 and 0.6mg of vitamin B2 should be increased.
During this period, pregnant women's pregnancy reaction basically disappears, their appetite tends to improve, and their food intake increases greatly, so the variety of food should be more diversified. In order to ensure the supply of heat energy, it is necessary to increase the intake of a certain amount of staple food; Eat more animal foods such as meat, fish and eggs to obtain high-quality protein; Animal viscera, especially liver, can provide iron, zinc, vitamin A, B 1, B 12, folic acid and so on. And it is best to eat 1-2 times a week; Milk, beans and bean products, shrimp skin and green leafy vegetables should be eaten every day to get more calcium and prevent pregnant women from having calcium deficiency symptoms such as calf twitching.
Third trimester (after 7 months): This period is the fastest period of fetal growth and development, and the fetus stores the most nutrients, so the supply of nutrients in the third trimester should reach or exceed the level in the second trimester. Protein, in particular, needs to add 25 grams a day. On the basis of medium-term diet, we can increase the intake of high-quality protein (50g of meat, poultry and fish or 250ml of milk or 250ml of soybean milk), increase the calcium by 700mg every day, and eat more foods rich in calcium. In addition, foods with small size and high nutritional value can be selected during this period, and the number of meals per day can be increased to five, with the principle of eating less and eating more. Pregnant women in this period are prone to edema (mainly lower limbs), so the intake of water and salt should be controlled in diet. Those with obvious edema of lower limbs should avoid foods with high salt content such as bacon, salted fish, pickles, pickled mustard tuber and pickles.