The New Discovery-Report on Contemporary Children in China reveals that there are significant differences between urban and rural children in China. One of the manifestations is that children in cities have more learning resources than children in rural areas. For example, urban children have far more electronic devices than rural children. In addition, rural children's family economic conditions are relatively poor, and many children can't afford some necessary extracurricular books. This means that children in rural areas are limited in choosing learning materials, and they need more supplies from external resources. In addition, children in rural areas have little information and knowledge, which brings difficulties to classroom teaching in primary schools, including mathematics. Rural education is the focus and difficulty of China's education, which is related to the overall situation of rural work. Therefore, strengthening the popularization and application of modern information technology in rural areas under the new situation is the need to adapt to the fundamental transformation of educational methods in the information society and is conducive to promoting the development and reform of rural education.
The key and difficult point of the development of educational informatization lies in the countryside. Information technology and curriculum reform have promoted the informationization of education, and the reform of mathematics classroom teaching in rural primary schools urgently needs the support of information technology.
Then, in the rural primary school mathematics classroom teaching, how to effectively use the limited information technology resources to learn the course better, promote the classroom teaching reform, and cultivate students' innovative spirit and practical ability? Here the author talks about his own experience in teaching practice.
First, the use of information technology, so that vivid and interesting problem situations to stimulate students' thirst for knowledge
The use of multimedia images can attract students' attention, arouse students' emotional response, stimulate students' emotional participation, mobilize students' enthusiasm for learning, and lay a good foundation for new curriculum teaching. For example, when teaching classification, because children in rural areas usually live in grocery stores and rarely have the opportunity to visit supermarkets, I used a digital camera to photograph the neat arrangement of items in supermarkets, which is in sharp contrast with the common grocery stores in children's lives. After reading it, students naturally understand the functions and benefits of classification, thus successfully stimulating students' enthusiasm for learning. In conclusion, I took out the pictures of trash cans downloaded from the Internet in Zhongshan Park and asked my classmates: Do you know why there are three trash cans here? Guide students to find the application of classification in life and broaden their horizons.
Of course, this video material is not only used in this class. Put it in when teaching a small shop, and design another teaching situation: Xiaoming needs 44 yuan when he goes to the supermarket to buy a car model. He brought two 20 yuan, four 10 yuan, eight 5 yuan, 10 2 yuan, 20 1 yuan, eight 50-jiao, 20-jiao and 20-jiao. Who can help Xiao Ming find the right way to pay the money and compare them with each other? Through multimedia presentations, students have aroused great interest. Practice has proved that the best teaching opportunity is when students have a strong interest in the learning content itself. Only when students form the most ideal learning state can the problems in the situation be solved and the students' thinking ability be cultivated.
With its unique appeal, multimedia computers stimulate students, attract attention, arouse students' interest in learning, make students have psychological needs for learning, and then actively participate in learning activities.
For example, when teaching "Understanding Rectangle, Square and Parallelogram", the content of this class is quite abstract and boring. In order to stimulate students' interest and desire, we designed such a link, and the magician led everyone to visit the ecological park. The whole environment of the ecological park consists of various figures that students have learned, including circles, squares, rectangles, parallelograms and diamonds. Then ask everyone: "Is this ecological park beautiful? Can you find out which graphics they are made of? " The students' interest was immediately aroused and they scrambled to answer questions. In this way, abstract knowledge is organically combined with common things in life, which stimulates students' interest and desire to learn new knowledge and also cultivates students' aesthetic taste.
Second, use information technology to improve students' practical ability through cooperation and exchange.
Nowadays, children's individual consciousness is enhanced and group consciousness is weakened, and some children are very unsociable. Compared with urban children, rural children have fewer opportunities to participate in social activities and are not good at talking and communicating, which seriously affects their cooperative learning and mutual communication. In fact, children in rural areas are eager to participate in activities, but they often lack opportunities and methods for cooperation and effective resources in their studies. It is difficult to guide students to experience the process of "doing" mathematics, and students' emotions, attitudes, values and general abilities are not well cultivated, which restricts students' learning development and the change of teachers' teaching methods. The application of information technology in teaching has narrowed the distance between children and can better solve this problem.
For example, when teaching the math practice activity class "Visit the Orchard", children are very interested because there are strawberry planting bases around the school and even some parents are fruit farmers. Before the visit, let the students set up a study group, browse the website about strawberries downloaded by the teacher and learn about all kinds of strawberries; After the visit, let the team list the survey results: the nutritional value, variety and price of strawberries, and calculate the annual output and income of the base; Finally, make web pages in groups to help fruit farmers sell their products. During the whole activity, teachers provide relevant materials (download relevant websites), students use computers to sort out and collect relevant useful information, and some students even pass on their planting knowledge to their parents. The study at this time is not only the study of mathematics knowledge, but also the comprehensive study of health, art, information technology and other disciplines. In the whole interactive learning, students really return to the master position of learning, and each student actively participates in activities that interest him. They have the opportunity to practice and experience the happiness of cooperation.
There are many mathematical practice activities that can use information technology to provide students with good opportunities for cooperation and exchange, so that students are more willing to participate. For example, "save water", students investigate the water resources around the world, the per capita water consumption in China, and the situation of water waste in life through the Internet or newspapers and books, calculate the water wasted by one faucet in school in one day, and calculate the water wasted by all faucets in one year ... After class, they cooperate to calculate the water wasted in the village in one year, and then instruct the students to make propaganda tabloids and electronic tabloids and send them to the village head. Another example is yuan, dime and cent. Investigate the history of coins, how to convert them into RMB, and design the after-school practice activities of "Today is my call". Students arrange breakfast, lunch and dinner for their families, calculate how much they need to spend, refer to the food nutrition website, design what to eat for each meal, then investigate the price of each food, make a list, and finally calculate. For example, in teaching measurement, we should use the media to truly present a classmate's work at home, help him calculate the area of his land, encourage students to go home for field measurement, calculate the area of his land, and try to calculate the grain output of his land.
Thirdly, using information technology, modern teaching methods can break through difficulties and enlighten students' wisdom.
In fact, many mathematical concepts and teaching models are too abstract and not specific for students to learn. If the teacher only describes and explains, the teacher often spends a lot of energy, but the teaching effect is half the effort. The application of information technology in mathematics teaching can turn abstraction into concreteness, mobilize the synergy of students' multiple senses, and solve the content that teachers can't explain clearly and students can't understand, so as to effectively realize intensive reading teaching, highlight key points, break through difficulties, and achieve teaching effects that traditional teaching methods can't match.
For example, when teaching the first-grade math "Numbers in Life", what the numbers on the stop sign mean, rural children who rarely have the opportunity to take the bus don't quite understand. So I specially photographed the busy traffic at the intersection of the city, the passing vehicles and the vehicles entering the station for the students to see. The students soon understood which car the number on the license plate refers to. In addition, I also teach students some knowledge about hitchhiking, learn to read bus stop signs, and lay the foundation for describing "who is in front of who and who is behind who" before and after the later study. This video can also be reserved for second-year students to reproduce the passing vehicles on the road, with a language description: "The construction of China is developing rapidly, and the traffic on the road is becoming more and more convenient. Look at the cars, trucks, buses and trucks on the road. How many cars have they driven? Ask the group to discuss, what method are you going to use to count the number of these four cars? " With the help of virtual reality, students can experience the data collection process of dynamic statistics. The application of the above information technology in teaching has made a good breakthrough in key and difficult points.
For another example, children in rural areas rarely have the opportunity to go to the playground. When I was "eight, seven, six plus a few", I designed to play in the "playground". By "buying tickets" and "giving money to 20 yuan", you can freely choose amusement items and list the formulas. Some children have never been to a real playground at all, let alone play, so that when asked to write down their feelings, one child said, "Why? . With a lesson from the past, I applied information technology to teaching. When teaching rotation and translation, the concepts of rotation and translation are very abstract, which requires students to experience through examples in life, and then abstract the basis for distinguishing the two phenomena. Play the recorded scenes of students playing in the playground and their daily life at school during their spring outing, so that students can find out the phenomena of rotation and translation, such as ferris wheel, pirate ship, merry-go-round, flag-raising, window cleaning and running, and then use multimedia courseware to simulate the movement track of objects. Students can clearly see the movement law of rotation and translation, and it is easy to break through the difficulties, which greatly improves the teaching efficiency and leaves a deep impression on students.
Fourth, using information technology, let vivid and interesting evaluation methods sail for the growth of students.
The new curriculum puts forward that paying attention to students' performance in classroom teaching should be the main content of classroom teaching evaluation, including students' behavior in classroom teacher-student interaction, autonomous learning, peer cooperation, enthusiasm for participation, emotional experience and exploration and thinking. That is, pay attention to how students learn. However, the differences between students will always exist. Some students are more active in class, while others have a strong sense of inferiority. What teachers need to do is to give these students with different thinking characteristics an opportunity to express their thoughts and constantly encourage them to be "different", have individuality and be innovative.
Children in rural areas have no sense of superiority. Compared with children in cities, children in rural areas are often less confident and even inferior, so they need more praise and encouragement. If you can give various forms of incentives after learning, the effect will be very different. With the intervention of information technology, teachers can adjust the teaching plan and optimize the teaching procedure according to the information provided by the computer feedback system, and students can know their own learning situation, analyze their own learning success or failure, improve their learning methods and adjust their learning objectives according to the feedback information.
For example, when teaching the consolidation exercise of "two plus two", let small animals be referees. When the students answer correctly, the multimedia shows the correct answer, and the little animal says, "You are great!" " Or encourage with applause and so on. If the answer is incorrect, use "Don't lose heart, try again!" " Come and cheer for the students, which will make them interested in learning, happy and active in thinking.
Another example is to ask students to observe carefully what Xiao Qiang is doing at different times when the professor knows the consolidation part of the clock. First, talk to the students around, and then in the network environment, the two cooperate to input the corresponding time and submit it to the teacher. The teacher will get feedback soon, understand the students' learning situation and adjust the teaching progress. In the evaluation, first appreciate and evaluate other people's works, and then let students evaluate each other's best. Vote for the best small mouth award, the best little ant award and the best little bee award in our class online. The students self-rated five stars, namely: listening star, cooperation star, operation star, expression star and wisdom star. Colour the stars you can get. Let the students fully say: Why is this design? What is the purpose of this design? What is worth learning? What needs to be improved? This process is actually a feedback process.
In short, in the classroom teaching of rural primary schools, on the one hand, we should actively promote the application of modern information technology, realize the enjoyment of high-quality educational resources, and promote the modernization of education with informationization; On the other hand, we should also pay attention to the rational selection and optimal combination of modern information technology, apply it scientifically and effectively, and give full play to its advantages in order to solve the problems in education and teaching and improve the efficiency of classroom teaching.