20121216 February, the Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that urbanization is the historical task of China's modernization and the greatest potential for expanding domestic demand, and it is necessary to actively guide the healthy development of urbanization.
Before the 18th National Congress, the 16th National Congress put forward the idea of "taking the road of urbanization with China characteristics", which was further supplemented by the 17th National Congress as "promoting the coordinated development of large, medium and small cities and small towns according to the principles of overall planning of urban and rural areas, reasonable layout, land conservation, perfect functions and taking the big as the small". It is generally believed in the industry that the "new urbanization" proposed by the 18th National Congress is a "new signal" for the future development direction of urbanization.
From 1978 to 20 1 1, the urban population increased from 654.38+72 million to 690 million, and the urbanization rate increased from 17.92% to 5 1.27%. Although on the surface, China's urbanization construction has reached the world average level, behind it, the current statistics of urbanization rate in China are based on the resident population, which has exceeded 50% according to this algorithm. However, according to the population with urban household registration and the level of public services provided by the government, the urbanization rate in China is only about 35%-36%. According to official statistics, among the 260 million migrant workers working in cities and towns, less than1%actually buy houses in cities; About1590,000 migrant workers and their families who have worked in cities for more than half a year are in a state of "semi-citizenization".
Specific to the strategic layout of new urbanization, the further planning is to optimize and upgrade the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta urban agglomerations in the eastern region and gradually build more internationally competitive urban agglomerations; In the central and western regions (600 139, Guba) with strong carrying capacity of resources and environment, several urban agglomerations have been cultivated and expanded. On this basis, give priority to developing small and medium-sized cities with obvious location advantages and good basic conditions, focus on developing small towns, and gradually develop central towns in the eastern region, counties in the central and western regions and important border ports into qualified small and medium-sized cities. New urbanization will create new demands. Focusing on the strategic layout of urbanization in the future, the next step will be to promote the construction of railways, highways, water transport, aviation, oil and gas pipelines and urban transportation infrastructure as a whole, and play its supporting and guiding role in urbanization development. In order to solve the problem of urbanization reform, in the future, in addition to greatly improving rural land acquisition compensation and reforming land management system, residence permits can also be uniformly implemented throughout the country. Such reforms are bound to play a positive role in solving income distribution and expanding domestic demand.
Who proposed it? What is the purpose and significance?
This was put forward by the Central Committee. The purpose and significance are to follow the three principles of fairness, intensive efficiency and sustainability, and gradually form an urban agglomeration with great radiation effect based on big cities and focusing on small and medium-sized cities, so as to promote the coordinated development of large, medium-sized cities and small towns, promote the new urbanization construction in China, and make the urbanization development change from speed expansion to quality improvement.
How to develop urbanization at present?
In the current process of urbanization, we should adhere to the correct direction of construction, pay attention to guidance, and prevent major mistakes and losses.
First, attach great importance to the transfer of rural surplus labor brought about by urbanization. Based on the national conditions of China, cities should be the main recipients of rural labor transfer in the process of urbanization, and cities are the key and leading link of rural labor transfer. Secondly, small towns. The correct road to urbanization should be to steadily develop megacities and big cities, actively develop small and medium-sized cities, and focus on developing small towns. Only in this way can large, medium and small cities and small towns develop harmoniously.
Second, we must resolutely prevent diseases in big cities. The country is accelerating urbanization, the household registration system is being reformed, the threshold for farmers to enter cities is being lowered, and the conditions for settling in cities are being relaxed, all of which are necessary conditions for accelerating urbanization. But at the same time, we must resolutely prevent the rapid increase of urban population under the condition that urban infrastructure can't keep up, leading to poor roads and traffic jams; Lack of schools and degrees; Water supply, power supply and gas supply are tight; Garbage can't be treated, turbid water flows, rivers are polluted and the environment is destroyed; The deterioration of social security and other diseases in big cities. Urban managers must make good plans, strengthen infrastructure construction, improve urban functions, expand urban capacity, actively open up employment channels, and create conditions for farmers to enter cities for employment; Do a good job in macro-control, coordinate the mechanical growth of urban population with urban public facilities, education, services, production and environment, and realize sustainable development.
Third, we should overcome and prevent the upsurge of blindly expanding and building towns. In the process of urbanization, it is an inevitable trend for some rural surplus labor to transfer to cities and towns. However, it is impossible for China10.9 million towns to expand in an all-round way, nor can they act hastily. On the basis of full argumentation, we should make overall planning, select a few towns with development conditions and focus on expanding development. There can be no upsurge in the expansion and construction of towns.