When it comes to childbirth, the first thing many expectant mothers think of is the heartbreaking cries in film and television dramas, and some even choose cesarean section because they are afraid of pain.
In fact, the serious impact of severe pain on maternal physical and mental health has been gradually valued by people. Safe and painless delivery has become the goal pursued by everyone. Let Gao half a meter introduce labor analgesia.
Labor analgesia refers to the use of various methods to alleviate the pain of lying-in women during vaginal delivery.
The ideal labor analgesia should meet the following points: (1) the side effects on parturient and fetus are small; Quick action, reliable action and convenient administration; Does not affect uterine contraction and maternal movement; Ensure that the parturient is awake and can cooperate with delivery; Can meet that requirement of analgesia in the whole delivery proces.
At present, the commonly used analgesic methods can be roughly divided into non-drug analgesia, drug analgesia and anesthesia analgesia.
Non-drug analgesia mainly refers to psychological prevention methods, including adequate prenatal education and intrapartum guidance. Before delivery, the doctor will introduce the process of delivery, possible pain and reasons to the pregnant mother, thus eliminating the tension and fear of the pregnant mother.
In the process of delivery, the midwife will guide the parturient to breathe correctly and exert strength, and give the parturient encouragement and confidence, thus relieving muscle tension and pain.
This method is safe and economical, but the pain it can relieve is limited, and the effect depends on the self-regulation ability of the parturient, so it is difficult to be used as a reliable analgesic method.
Drug analgesia, including intramuscular or intravenous injection of painkillers.
Remifentanil, a commonly used intravenous opioid. Its advantages are quick effect and obvious effect. However, drugs easily pass through the placenta, which may have a respiratory inhibition effect on the baby. Pay more attention when using it.
Finally, anesthesia analgesia, spinal anesthesia is the most commonly used method of labor analgesia in clinic at present, that is, injecting anesthetic into the spinal canal of parturient through the lumbar intervertebral space. This method can obviously relieve the pain, and at the same time ensure that the mother is awake and will not affect the baby. Moreover, it only blocks the sensory nerve and does not affect the motor nerve, so the parturient is easier to cooperate and the labor process is short.
In China, in order to avoid prolonged labor, labor analgesia is generally limited to the first stage of labor, that is, anesthesia begins when the cervix is 3 cm open and stops when the cervix is open.
However, this method also has some shortcomings, such as slow onset, possible maternal hypotension and postoperative headache. At the same time, not every parturient can take spinal anesthesia. If the parturient has severe coagulation dysfunction, or local skin infection of lumbar spine, or low blood pressure before labor, other methods should be chosen according to the doctor's advice.
In addition, there is water supply, which can relax the parturient and relieve the pain with warm water. However, this method requires high conditions and has not been popularized in China.
Keep a good attitude during delivery, and with the help of painkillers or anesthetics, I believe that every parturient can successfully complete the delivery.