Being a psychological counselor is very meaningful. Whether intellectually or emotionally, it is one of the most difficult occupations, but it provides us with opportunities to help others, and also gives us opportunities to explore ourselves and expand our potential.
(1) Personality: Talking about the conditions of becoming an excellent psychological counselor. The personality condition of psychological counselors is the most important factor to do psychological counseling well, and it is also the first condition that psychological counselors should have. The so-called personality refers to a person's whole mental outlook, which is the sum total of stable psychological characteristics with a certain tendency, including temperament, personality, interests, beliefs, abilities and so on. First, he should be a person with relatively healthy psychology, and his health level is at least higher than that of his clients. A qualified psychological counselor should be a happy person who loves life and has good adaptability. He can properly handle his own psychological conflicts and eliminate daily interference, thus ensuring the smooth progress of helping others. Secondly, he should be a helpful person. Only a helpful person can give warmth to the client in the consultation relationship, create a safe and free atmosphere, accept all kinds of positive and negative emotions of the client and enter the inner world of the client; Third, he should be a serious and responsible person. Patiently listen to the client's narrative, concentrate on it, make the client feel concerned about their difficulties, be able to talk to the client sincerely and frankly, and make them willing to expose their inner privacy and secrets, which is worthy of their trust.
(2) Knowledge: It is necessary to have the necessary theoretical knowledge to do a good job in psychological counseling. Psychological counseling does not rely on good wishes, enthusiasm and common sense to comfort, persuade troubled parties or encourage psychological patients to fight diseases. Psychological counseling and psychotherapy are scientific work. We should use the scientific knowledge of helping others to help the parties, let them understand the real reason that bothers them, correct or give up their maladjustment, and make them psychologically mature. Psychological counselors must have knowledge of behavioral science, social psychology, psychotherapy and psychiatry. In order to understand how the customer's difficulties are formed. Where are the roots of contradictions and conflicts? Wait a minute.
(3) Must have certain skills: the psychological counselor should have skilled help skills, including how to collect relevant information of the client in the shortest time, such as situations or events that plague him, the time when symptoms appear and their development and changes, and how to ask questions in a timely and alert manner. How to find the unconscious cover-up and resistance of the parties? How to guide them to gradually understand the crux of their own hearts, how to design some corresponding methods to correct some bad behaviors, especially for neurotic children, how to explain something to the parties at the right time, what to explain, and so on.
Although the personality conditions, knowledge conditions and skill conditions mentioned above are clearly defined, they are all very important and cannot be replaced by each other. A good psychological counselor should be a combination of personal qualities, academic knowledge and help skills.
In addition to the three conditions mentioned above, to become a qualified psychological counselor, you must also do the following two things:
(1) Counseling doctors should pay special attention to moral cultivation. Psychologists should have noble professional ethics and should not take advantage of their work to do things that are not conducive to patients. How to become an excellent psychological counselor? Don't spread things that need to be kept secret for patients;
② Psychological consultation doctors should constantly know themselves and know themselves. Not only should we know our strengths and advantages, but more importantly, we should know our weaknesses and blind spots. Only by analyzing ourselves and understanding ourselves can we understand others.
At present, the social demand of psychological counselors is great, and there is a serious shortage of professionals. This is a noble profession, which can help visitors solve problems, eliminate troubles, and finally achieve self-growth and self-development.
1. Social demand:
The number of suicide deaths in China has reached 287,000 every year, and the number of attempted suicides has reached 2 million every year; From 65438 to 0990, only 5% of the 25.6 million depressed patients in China were treated, while 15% of the depressed patients had suicidal tendency. Wu Ruihua, a researcher at the Institute of Psychology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, believes that the lack of professionals engaged in psychological counseling is one of the reasons for the relatively high suicide rate in China. The survey shows that there are more than 654.38+0.3 billion people with various mental disorders, 654.38+0.6 billion people in China need psychological counseling and psychotherapy all their lives, and 30 million of the 654.38+0.5 billion teenagers are troubled by emotions and pressures. In the three months since its opening, Henan's "Psychological 1 10" hotline has answered calls 1000 times and cooperated with 10 police10 times.
2. Serious shortage of professionals:
In the United States, 1 10,000 people provide psychological counseling services; In China, there are only 2.4 people per 6,543.8+0,000 people. More than 3,000 universities in the United States have psychology departments, while only about 60 universities in China have psychology departments. Moreover, in the academic education system, psychological counseling is extremely rare, and few training resources are concentrated in high-level scientific research institutes in megacities such as Beijing and Shanghai. According to the statistics of the Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences in August 2000, 90% of the relevant training since 1980s has been concentrated in six cities: Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Kunming, Wuhan and Changsha.
3. The government promotes and strongly advocates:
In July 2002, the national vocational qualification project for psychological counselors was officially launched, and the party and state leaders attached great importance to it. Li Peng, Chairman of the National People's Congress, wrote an inscription to popularize psychological knowledge and improve people's health. Vice Chairman Wu Jieping wrote an inscription to carry out scientific psychological consultation to improve people's mental health. "
In 2004, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Hu Jintao delivered an important speech at the national conference on strengthening and improving the ideological and moral construction of minors, stressing the need to care about the growth of minors and create good conditions and social environment for their healthy physical and mental development. Under the vigorous advocacy of government policies, all tertiary hospitals require the establishment of psychological departments, and primary and secondary schools also require the establishment of psychological consultation rooms with psychological counselors.
4. The media is highly concerned
The evaluation of psychological counselors was officially launched, including CCTV Evening News, CCTV International Channel, Beijing TV Station, Guangming Daily, Xinhua News Agency, China Youth Daily, China Education Daily, Beijing Evening News, Beijing Morning Post, Health News, Labor and Social Security News, Intimate Sister Magazine, Jinghua Times, Beijing Daily Messenger, China Children's Press and Publication Corporation, China Enterprise News, China Economic Times, Business Times, Science and Technology Daily, China Business News, Economic Daily and many others.
On May 2, 2005, CCTV's Focus Interview, as the authoritative national media, publicized from the perspective of the country's large demand for psychological counselors, entitled "Psychological Counselors-New Career and New Creation".
5. Occupational characteristics
(1) Psychological counselor is a noble profession, which can help visitors solve problems, eliminate troubles, and finally achieve self-growth and self-development.
(2) Learning psychological counselors can learn the knowledge and skills of psychological counseling and master the methods of psychological adjustment, so as to help others, improve their quality of life, improve work efficiency, successfully educate their children, deal with family relations, and increase employment and entrepreneurial opportunities.
(3) Psychological counselors are senior occupations, which are not only reflected in their income, but also in the people they serve. At present, psychological counselor is an important service form in the world, and its clients are Fortune 500 enterprises. Now, 75% of Fortune 500 companies choose to provide services for their employees.
(4) Psychological counselor is a career that can be engaged in for life, and will not be unable to continue to engage because of the growth of age (but in the actual work process, the older you are, the more popular you are. )。
(5) The income of counselors belongs to the upper middle class. At present, in the United States, the hourly salary of psychological counselors can reach about 150 US dollars. In China, the fees for psychological counseling range from 100 yuan to 1000 yuan per hour, with an average hourly fee of 200 yuan. In Zhengzhou, the average fee is 100-200 yuan/hour, while in some business districts in Beijing, the consulting fee often reaches 100 USD/hour.
The value of psychological counseling
Karl, an American psychologist, defines psychological counseling as a relationship between those who provide help to others and those who seek such help. In this relationship, people gradually learn to treat themselves and others in a more positive way through the way of helping others and the atmosphere they create.
Psychological counseling can provide people with brand-new life experiences and experiences.
The object of psychological counseling is mainly normal people. The brand-new environment provided by psychological counseling can help people understand themselves and society, deal with various relationships, gradually change their unreasonable thinking, emotions and reaction patterns with the outside world, learn ways to adapt to the outside world, improve work efficiency and quality of life, and thus better play people's inherent potential and realize self-worth.
Psychological counselor refers to a senior professional who uses professional psychological counseling knowledge and methods to communicate with visitors without personal prejudice, finds out the deep-seated reasons of internal conflicts of visitors, and then helps to solve conflicts and promote their development in a professional way. The national vocational qualification appraisal is divided into five grades. As a high-tech occupation, psychological counselors directly start the appraisal from the intermediate level (level 3). * * * There are junior counselors (national vocational qualification level III), intermediate counselors (national vocational qualification level II) and senior counselors (national vocational qualification level I).