(Written by predecessors, The Story of Yueyang Tower) 2. Yes. At one time, all the wonderful things were ready for "ventriloquism". Get ready.
I have to prepare to do "Stone Gull" in the morning. Be: 1, influence (in the afterlife) 2. The same as "wearing", wearing (full embroidery) 5. Be contemptuous: 1, the border (there are two monks in Shu who are "learning") 2. Mean and short-sighted. (Twilight City Yueyang Tower) 2. Despise
(Don't underestimate the "model") 3. Small thickness. As thin as a money lip "trap") 8. Strategy: 1, push.
(Ma Shuo before Policy) 2. Whipping and driving away. (The policy is not based on its mode "Ma Shuo") 3. Record.
(Biography of "Mulan Poetry" by Ce Xun) 4. Strategy. (idiom "helpless") 9. Length: cháng 1, length.
The length of the ship is about eight minutes. The story of the nuclear ship) 2. As opposed to "short". (Beishi bought a whip "Mulan Poetry") 3. Long-term health
I hope people live a long life. ) 4. forever. (The deceased has long been known as the "stone gull") 5. ZH ǐ ng, ranked the largest (Mulan has no eldest brother ("Mulan Poetry") 6. ZH ǐ ng, the team leader.
(Guangwu, the first official, was named "Chen She Family") 10. He said: 1. He stood up and cooperated (he said he was too angry/couldn't say he had heard it before) 2. He praised (the ancient emperor called it energy) 1 1. Cheng: 65438. Then hegemony can be achieved and the Han Dynasty can flourish) 12. Punishment: 1. Suffering (punishing the northern part of the mountain "Yugong Mountain") 2. Punishment: 13. Pool: 1. Riding a horse (willing to gallop thousands of miles) 2. Drive (catch up) (the public will gallop) to arrive (mute the Zhejiang Pavilion to teach sailors every year) 4. Generate (planned out) 15. Remarks: 1. Decline (I was told to do a lot of things in the army) 2. Language (never slightly degraded) 16. Times: 1. Guangwu always goes to Chen She's house. Stop during a trip or March.
(in the middle of the temple next to Wu) 17. Y: 65438+ (deserved) 2. should be
(reward rate for being a "model" of the three armed forces) 3. (Now stay away from it) 4. Face it, face it.
Mulan's Poem of Mulan was woven by every household. Value, existence. (At that time, all counties and counties were persecuted by the "Chen She family" of Qin officials). Resist.
(unstoppable) 19. Road: 1, road. There will be heavy rain and the road will be blocked. The Chen She family) 2. Morality.
(If there is no way to cut, kill Qin) 3. Method. The policy is not to follow the old road of "Ma Shuo". Say, say.
20. Get: 1, can (can't have both) 2. Get, get (so you can't get) 3. Being the same as "virtue", I am grateful (knowing the poor helps me) 2 1. Wait: 65438+. Table Most (Equal Rain) 22. Enemy: 1, attack (afraid of being attacked by your own enemy "wolf" before and after) 2. Enemy (cover the "wolf" that lures the enemy) 23. Hang: 1, hang (show me the king's tomb) 2. Comfort (everyone hangs up) 24 Right end of the picture frame (left hand holding the scroll end) 2. Right straight (the human visual end is silent) 26. Evil: 1, how (evil can be undisciplined) 2. Aversion (more evil than the dead) 27. Send: 1, action launched (four foreigners dare not send) 2. Be appointed (Shun Fa is between Mu and Mu) 4. Call for duty (900 people are suitable for defending Yuyang) 5. Opening (wild incense) 6. Hair (a flash of hair, all good things are ready) 7. Fā, hair (yellow hair drooping happily) 28. Fan: Yes. The next three points today are "models") 2. Distribution.
The debate in Cao Gui must be divided into two parts. Unit of length. (about eight minutes long, there is a strange "nuclear ship") 4, fèn, duty, duty.
(Loyalty to Your Majesty is also a model) 3 1. Serve: 1. Serve (wives and concubines) II. Accept and carry out (an order from danger) 3. Support (I don't know whether the service of mouth and body is equal to that of people) 32. No: 65438+ Fú, the first word of the sentence (from the husband/from the wife) 3. Husband (starting from her husband's voice/Luo Fu has her own husband) 4. The general name of adult men, called (who bears the burden of three husbands) 34. Fu: 1, along, along (and then help to the road "Peach Blossom Garden") 2. Auxiliary (if you enter, there will be no legalist school) 3. Give it a gentle brush (by hand). Fu: 1. Bless, bless (God bless) 2. Good things (why not be blessed) 37. Fu: 1. Rich (and warehouse) more (rich family and good horse) 38. More: 1, again-(that is, more scratching each other's eyes) 2, further (drunkenness is more pillow-lying) 3, mutual (celebration) 4, again-(by going up a storey still higher) 5, more (returning with sorrow and joy, although we drown our sorrows with wine) 39. Gou: 1。 Express hope (no hunger and thirst) 40. Solid: 1. The original (solid everyone's "Zhong Yong") 2. Stubbornness and Stubbornness (Solid in Your Heart "One Mountain in Gong Yu") 3. Affirm, affirm (and stick to it) 4. Consolidate (consolidate the country without mountains and rivers.
2. Translation of Classical Chinese (translation of key words and sentences) There was a man in Lu who entered the city gate with a long pole. At first he stood up and held it, but he couldn't get into the gate. He came and took it, but he couldn't get into the gate. I really can't think of any way. After a while, an old man came and said, "I am not a saint, but I have seen many things." Why not use a saw to cut off the long pole and enter the city gate? " So the Lu people cut off the long pole according to the old man's method.
Word understanding: keep, keep
I: We'll talk about it later.
Sui: Just.
Trick: a strategy
And: conjunction, table to undertake, and then
To: Use
But: only
3. Translation, collation and summary of ancient Chinese keywords.
1. indicates a coordinate relationship. Generally, it is not translated, and sometimes it can be translated as "you".
(1) crab six kneel two claws, not snake eel hole without hair. ("Encourage Learning") 2 Diaolouguan, although rock-solid, one person keeps it and ten thousand people can't break it.
("Difficult Road to Shu") 3 Saving Zhao in the north and Qin in the west is also the cutting of the five tyrants. ("New Stealing Symbol to Save Zhao") 2. Represents a progressive relationship.
It can be translated as "and" or "and". This gentleman learned to save himself with Japanese ginseng.
("Encourage Learning") (2) Chu Huaiwang is greedy for Zhang Yi, so he is absolutely neat. ("Biography of Qu Yuan") 3 Looking back at the Japanese view, Xifeng, or the sun, or not, is sorrowful.
("Climbing Mount Tai") (4) Because of its profound thoughts, it is everywhere. (A trip to Baochan Mountain) 3. Express relationships.
It can be translated into "Jiu" and "Then" or not. (1) So I left you to eat in the capital to welcome guests.
("Chen Qingbiao") (2), drew his sword and broke. (The Hongmen Banquet) 3 People who are not born with knowledge should not be confused.
("Shi Shuo") 4. Represents a turning point. It can be translated into "but" and "indeed".
(1) Green is taken from blue, and green is blue. ("Encourage Learning") There is such a trend that it was robbed by the Qin people.
("Six Kingdoms") 3 Faithful, my brother died. ("Chen Qingbiao") 5. Represents a hypothetical relationship.
It can be translated into "if" and "if". (1) If you are interested, you can also expect horses.
("Feng Wanzhen") (2) death is known, its geometry. ("Sacrifice to Twelve Lang Wen") 6. Represents a modifier, that is, an adverbial of connection.
There is no translation. (1) I tasted it and looked forward to it. Might as well climb the mountain to see it.
Fill it up, pick up the weapon and throw away the armor. (My Country) 3 Wang Xiang pressed his sword and said, "Who is the guest?" ("Hongmen Banquet") 7. It means causality, and I regret being followed by it, so I can't enjoy it.
(Youbaochan) 2 means to do evil without using it. ("Battle of Red Cliffs") 8. To express the purpose relationship, ① look far, but look far.
("Epang Palace Fu") 2 Writing officer, sealed the state treasury, waiting for the general. (The Hongmen Banquet) (2) Tong "er" is used as a pronoun, and the second person is called "yours"; Occasionally, it is also used as the subject and translated into "you".
(1) and wenggui, since your ears. (Promoting Weaving) ② Every time I say Yu Yue: "Somewhere, and my mother is here."
("Selected Annals of Ji Xiang") ③ A scholar: As if, as if. (1) The army was surprised and bad.
(The Book of Tea) A modal particle just placed at the end of a sentence, which indicates restriction, is equivalent to "just right". Those who shake their heads and stamp their feet in a few minutes will get dozens of people.
("Tiger Hill") There are stories that I have heard one after another, and there are professions and specializations, that's all. (Shi Shuo) 3 I decided to fly, the gun stopped, didn't arrive, and was controlled by the ground.
(Have a nice trip) So, just now. 1) I try my best to die.
(2) After March. The situation is "what else", that is, to go further with a rhetorical question.
(1) Zhong Qing was placed in the water today, although the wind and waves could not sound. And the situation is stone! (Shi Zhongshan Ji) (2) Skills and classics are not bad, but the situation is very bad! Although I am a fool, I know I can't do anything, but I am wise.
("Ten Thoughts on Emperor Taizong") Soon after, for a while. (1) and then please in the chaos of Wu Min, according to the whole five people.
(Tomb of Five) After taking the body to the well, he turned anger into sorrow and rushed to his heart. (Promotion of Weaving) Now I want to sue my aunt, who loves her son and can't resist it.
(Liu Yichuan) also (1) modal particles at the end of the sentence, 1. Represents a judgment sound. 1 Xu Gong is in the north of the city, which is the beauty of Qi.
("Zou Ji satirizes Qi Wang to admonish") 2 Zhang Liangyue: "Pei Gong participates in Fan Kuai." (The Hongmen Banquet) 2. Modal particles at the end of a sentence indicate the tone of a statement or explanation.
Example: ① I can't bear to be swaddled, and if I am innocent, I will die, and I will exchange it with a sheep. ("Qi Huan Jinwen Shi Zhi") (2) The thunder shook and the palace car passed.
("Gong Fangfu") 3. Used in a sentence or at the end of a sentence to express affirmation and exclamation. ① chirp! Those who destroy the six countries are also six countries, not Qin.
Qin is also a Qin family, not the world. ("On Qin") As for swearing, your hair is broken, how can you fail! ("Biography of Lingguan") 3 The ancients did not bully.
(The Story of Shi Zhongshan) 4. Used at the end of a sentence to express a question or rhetorical question. (1) childe afraid of death? Why are you crying? ("Xin Ling Jun steals the charm to save Zhao") How can my king play drums when he is less ill? ("Bao Zhuang Meets Mencius") 3 Those who make Qin love the Six Kingdoms again will be handed over to the third generation forever, and whose family will be destroyed? 5. Used at the end of the sentence to indicate imperative mood.
(1) Attack it, surround it, and we will return it. (The Battle of Kan) (2) and * * *, when working together, don't let your sister worry about the end of the road.
Modal particles in the sentence (Du Shiniang angry chest). Used in sentences to indicate a pause in mood.
That is to say, people often doubt it. (Shi Zhongshan Ji) (2) Its smell was also the first one I smelled.
The meaning of (Shi Shuo) is also its meaning of ... "What you said is ... Ah" (1) The poem says: "Others have a heart, so think about it." -The word "master" (The Story of Qi Huan's Inscription) is also used with modal auxiliary words. In order to strengthen the tone, there are many exclamations or back words.
Exodus: (1) Is it good that children and grandchildren will become kings after a long time? ("Touching the Dragon and Telling Empress Dowager Zhao") It' s also good to spend time healing plums in poverty! (Sick Plum Restaurant) What a shame to be alone! (Biography of Lingguan) means tools with the preposition 1. Take, use, take.
I want to invite Eby with fifteen cities. (Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru) (2) Scholar-officials refused to spend the night on the boat.
(Shi Zhongshan) 2. From. Translation: by, by.
(1) I heard that the princes were brave. (Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru) (2) For a long time, people can be distinguished by their footsteps.
("Selected Records of Ji Xiang") They are all good at rhetoric and are called Fu Jian. (Biography of Qu Yuan) 3. Represents the object to be disposed of.
Translation: play. (1) Cao Cao should repay the new hard times.
(Battle of Red Cliffs) 4. Indicates the time and place. Translation: in, in, from.
(1) cut in the city on August 13th. (Five Tombstones) (2) In the summer of the seventeenth year of Chongzhen, Huang Guan entered Huashan on foot from Beijing.
("Fu An Ji") 3 When you return to your hometown, you will die. ("Sacrificing a Sister") 5. Express the reason.
Because because. (1) Does Zhao Wang still bully Qin evil with stones? ("Lian Po Forest".
4. The key words in the translation of classical Chinese should be interpreted in every word, mainly literal translation, supplemented by free translation. We should try our best to keep the language style of the original text. For the steps of classical Chinese translation, we should first read the full text, grasp the main idea of the article, and be aware of it. Never rush to translate as soon as you come up. When we encounter difficult words in translation, we can put them aside first and then weigh them after the translation is completed. In order to prevent mistranslation, omission and Song translation, the basic methods of classical Chinese translation are literal translation and free translation. The so-called literal translation refers to the word-for-word translation of the original text with modern Chinese words, so that the content words and function words are as relative as possible. Its disadvantage is that sometimes the meaning of the translated sentence is difficult to understand and the language is not fluent enough. The so-called free translation means translating according to the meaning of the sentence, conforming to the original intention as much as possible, and taking care of the original intention as much as possible. Free translation has certain flexibility, which can add or subtract words, change the position of words and change sentence patterns. The advantage of free translation is that the meaning is coherent, and the translation conforms to the expression habits of modern languages. It is fluent, fluent and easy to understand. Its disadvantage is that sometimes the original text can't be realized literally. These two translation methods should be literal translation, supplemented by free translation. Second, the specific methods of classical Chinese translation: leaving, deleting, supplementing, changing, adjusting and changing. "Leaving" means retaining. Words with the same meaning in ancient and modern times, as well as ancient names of people, places and things, can be translated. (2) make up the omitted elements in the ellipsis sentence; (3) Make up the omitted sentences. Note: Fill in the omitted components or sentences with brackets. "Change" means replacement. Replace ancient words with modern words. For example, replace "I" with "I" and "er, if" with "you". "Adjustment" means adjustment. Invert ancient Chinese. In order to conform to the expression habits of modern Chinese, "change" means flexibility. On the basis of being faithful to the original text, related words can be enlivened, such as "calm waves" and "calm on the lake". In the past two years, the investigation of classical Chinese translation in college entrance examination has changed from choosing right or wrong to translation, which has increased the difficulty of answering questions, and all of them are questions, as if there is no trace to find and no way to start. Actually, there is no way to start. Play a wonderful Classical Chinese Translation Quartet: 1. Attention should be paid to supplementing omitted sentence elements in translation. Ellipsis exists in classical Chinese, such as omitting the subject, omitting the predicate verb, omitting the preposition and omitting the object. When doing translation questions, you must pay attention to supplement the sentence elements omitted from the original text first, otherwise the translation will be ambiguous and unreasonable. 2. Translation should pay attention to adjusting word order. There are four types of classical Chinese: subject-predicate postposition, attributive postposition, prepositional structure postposition and prepositional object postposition. Only by adjusting the word order in translation can translation be easy, otherwise it will be easy to upset and give people the feeling that "two monks are at a loss". 3. Pay attention to flexible use in translation. Some notional words in classical Chinese can temporarily change their parts of speech and usage in a certain language environment, which is flexible use. There are mainly verbs, adjectives and so on. Adjectives and nouns are used in a conative way, nouns are verbs, nouns are adverbials, etc. In translation, we should grasp the temporary meaning of words. 4. When translating, we should grasp the key words, contact the context and make key breakthroughs. In classical Chinese reading, some sentences often affect the understanding of the whole sentence because of individual words. This word is the key word. We should understand and comprehend it in the context. To sum up, it is not difficult to translate classical Chinese correctly as long as you work hard and master it flexibly. Mastering the Key Points and Skills of Classical Chinese Translation In 2005, "sentence patterns and usages different from modern Chinese" were included in the college entrance examination. The examination of this knowledge point is probably reflected in the translation questions. Therefore, how to translate classical Chinese well has become the focus of candidates' attention. First, look at parts of speech-grasp the preparation countermeasures from the flexible use of parts of speech: flexible use of parts of speech is the content of the college entrance examination in 2005. It is a unique grammatical phenomenon in classical Chinese, mainly including the flexible use of nouns, verbs and adjectives. When translating, we should be good at determining the part of speech and meaning of flexible words by analyzing the grammatical structure of sentences. Second, observe the sentence pattern-grasp the preparation countermeasures from the characteristics of the classical Chinese sentence pattern: the classical Chinese sentence pattern has been included in the proposition scope of the college entrance examination in 2005, which requires us to master the different characteristics of the classical Chinese sentence pattern, especially the judgment sentence, passive sentence, ellipsis sentence and prepositional object sentence. Generally speaking, these sentence patterns have linguistic markers, so we can judge which sentence features they belong to by identifying these linguistic markers. Third, understand the meaning-grasp the preparation countermeasures from the meaning of key notional words: the so-called key notional words refer to those words that play a key role in a sentence, and their definitions are usually different from those of modern Chinese or have multiple meanings. In a sentence, verbs are the most important notional words, followed by adjectives and nouns. In addition, we should also pay attention to loanwords and ancient and modern meanings in sentences.