First, the psychological analysis of candidates before the exam
Candidates mainly have the following three states before the exam:
1, overexcited state
It is often manifested as intense emotional experience, rapid heartbeat, fidgeting, blank brain and unstable emotional state. If the candidates are in this state, they will be distracted, absent-minded and unable to control themselves.
This is the result that stimulation always weakens the cerebral cortex, and the excitement process is excessively enhanced. It is also the result of the weakening of the regulatory activities of the cerebral cortex on the autonomic nervous system and subcortical center. The reasons for this situation are related to the examinee's ability level, review preparation, on-the-spot experience, personality characteristics and straightforward will.
2. Depressed state
This state is contrary to the state of overexcitation, which is manifested as depression. All psychological activities are very slow, weak, depressed, depressed, lacking in confidence, in a bad mood, and even unwilling to take the exam. This state is related to the decline of the excitement process and the strengthening of the inhibition process of the examinee's cerebral cortex, which is caused by the examinee's high tension or excessive review before the exam. Psychologically speaking, it is often related to the examinee's excessive pressure on the examinee, too much thinking about failing in the exam, but no good solution and tenacious will.
3, the best answer state
This state is manifested in that candidates have a clear understanding of the exams they face, are full of confidence in their own ability level, and have the desire to go all out to take the exams and strive for success. In this state, the examinee's attention is focused, his thinking is clear, his scope of thinking is expanded, his intuition is greatly improved, and he is full of energy and stable mood in the coming exam. This state is due to the fact that the cerebral cortex has a neural excitation process that adapts to the task, which has the most suitable flexibility and is balanced by the corresponding inhibition process, thus showing the psychological state of active thinking, enhanced memory and concentration. This state has a good role in promoting the examination level of candidates.
Second, the usual psychological adjustment.
Looking at three common psychological states before the exam, I believe every candidate wants to adjust the exam state to the best answer state before the exam. So how should he adjust his examination psychology in order to maintain a good psychological state and achieve the best answer state?
1, self-evaluation is correct.
Know yourself accurately and set reasonable goals that are in line with reality. In the college entrance examination, most people have set their own college entrance examination goals, but it is difficult to achieve this goal, which will naturally lead to fear. Others, although they don't set clear goals, always fantasize about miracles and wish their luck. Usually, candidates should have an accurate positioning of themselves and make an objective analysis of their usual grades, class rankings and scores in various subjects. According to this analysis, their mentality will be much better.
2. Take the exam with a positive attitude.
Optimism, self-confidence, not afraid of failure, and establish an indomitable mentality. Use the image of a tough guy as your motivation. Learn from their advantages of calmness, calmness and wit, which is exactly the spirit needed for the college entrance examination.
3. Restrain unhealthy psychological activities
Some candidates' psychological state is wave-like, sometimes good or bad, which is the result of bad psychology and good psychological struggle, sometimes benign is dominant, sometimes vice versa. The psychological instability of candidates will accelerate the ideological change. To overcome the appearance of bad psychological activities, we should be careful of the appearance of bad emotions such as fear and irritability, dilute bad emotions by diverting attention, and make good psychological activities a habit. This is compulsory at first, which is difficult, but it will get used to it gradually in the future.
4, increase the mood of happy exams.
Find fun in study and life. Failure is the mother of success. The number of failures is not necessarily a bad thing. Although the college entrance examination review is ups and downs, candidates should not care too much about scores, and should not judge heroes by success or failure. They should have a wide range of hobbies, so that they can have more happy emotional experiences, and "boring" review will also have many interesting experiences. Only by relaxing your tense nerves can you calmly cope with the college entrance examination.
5. Respond to the exam with a normal heart.
Candidates' psychological state is not good, mostly because their usual efforts have not got good results, and they are in an excited state and can't be calm for a long time. When reviewing for the college entrance examination, one unpleasant thing after another gradually leads to neurasthenia. Therefore, in the face of disappointing test results, on the one hand, candidates should be able to objectively analyze the facts in front of them, and at the same time, they should not get excited, so as to relax their already nervous mood, laugh at difficulties and easily achieve great things.
6. Learn to sum up experiences and lessons.
An important way to sum up lessons is to correct the reasons for its failure. Consider how it is caused first. Weak foundation, slow response, impatience, physical discomfort, external interference, lack of information ... Candidates must make a correct summary of past failures, be able to objectively and correctly understand past failures, eliminate unnecessary worries, get rid of the interference of failures, juxtapose candidates' psychological activities with objective reality, sum up experiences and lessons, and are bound to embark on the road to success.
7. Take part in extracurricular activities and keep an optimistic attitude.
British educator Spencer believes that "a healthy personality lies in a healthy body", and only by maintaining a healthy body can mental health be guaranteed. Scientific research has proved that some breathing exercises, such as long-distance running, badminton, basketball and swimming, release sweat through exercise, which will double the spirit, enhance people's confidence and make people full of vitality. Because these activities make people completely relaxed, thus eliminating the tension and anxiety, they will keep an optimistic attitude.
Third, psychological adjustment before the exam
1. Fully understand yourself and the importance of the exam.
Make clear the specific requirements of the exam, correctly estimate your ability to analyze and solve problems, thoroughly analyze the favorable and unfavorable factors in your exam, and make clear your chosen goals.
2. Accumulate full test emotions and stimulate the fighting spirit of the test.
The atmosphere of the examination room, the difficulty of the examination questions and the success or failure of the candidates' examinations will all lead to drastic changes in their emotions and have a positive or negative impact on the candidates. The experience of these emotions will directly affect the normal performance of candidates' examination level, and anxiety in the examination will lead to failure in the examination. Therefore, candidates should strive to form their own unique emotional excitement before the exam.
3. Establishing the confidence to win is an important factor to give full play to candidates' ability to take exams.
Lack of confidence will lead to psychological confusion of candidates during the exam, affect their own strength and lead to failure in the exam. First of all, we should improve our understanding ideologically, and then strengthen the preparation for review before the exam. Moreover, through some mock exams, candidates can adapt to the exam environment, thus dispelling the psychological phenomenon of exam anxiety caused by lack of self-confidence of candidates.
4. Self-psychological adjustment
Candidates should be calm before the exam and learn to relax themselves. For example, do self-relaxation exercises before the exam: first, imagine yourself as a teacher and give students exams, not yourself. This reduces the tension of the exam. I usually want to discuss an exercise with my classmates, so that if I repeat it, I will slowly ease the tension and make the whole examination process no longer feel nervous and anxious; Second, learn to take the initiative to hint. Psychological suggestion is a kind of revelation, reminder and instruction, which will tell you what to pay attention to, what to pursue, what to invest in and how to act, so it can dominate and influence your behavior. Positive psychological suggestion is a kind of positive reminder and guidance, which will guide people's potential positive motivation and produce positive behavior. Through active suggestion, you can adjust your mentality, mood, will and ability. When candidates face the tense examination room environment in front of the exam, they can actively hint to themselves and tell themselves, "I will definitely do this exam well, and I will certainly be able to cope with it calmly." Under the effect of this self-regulation, psychological pressure will be eliminated, thus eliminating anxiety and making it calm.
5. Continuous self-motivation.
Motivation is inspiration and encouragement, which makes people have an internal motivation and move forward towards the established goals. William james, a psychologist at Harvard University in the United States, found that a person who does not make progress can only play 20%-30% of his ability, and when he makes progress, his ability can be played to 80%-90%. In other words, the same person, through the process of full motivation, plays a role equivalent to 3 to 4 times before motivation. So keep motivating yourself.
6. I am the strongest and the victory belongs to me.
Psychologists have proved that after a period of time, letting a person shoot at the target with an imaginary rifle every day can improve the accuracy almost as much as the actual shooting practice. Many successful people have used this method to temper themselves and achieve success. Therefore, if you want to succeed in the exam, you must establish confidence in your heart. Emerson, a famous American psychologist, thinks: "Imagine yourself as a loser, which makes you unable to win;" Vividly imagining yourself as a winner will bring immeasurable success. "Before the exam, try to relax your nerves, think about your winning goal mentally, and then let your creativity, conscious efforts and iron willpower dispel your doubts about yourself.
7, scientific arrangement of work and rest time
The ancients said, "People's hearts can't be used for a day, especially for a day." In the daily college entrance examination review, we must arrange work and rest scientifically, combine work and rest, and don't study and play hard. Make a scientific schedule, strive to go to bed early and get up early, don't burn the midnight oil, and don't resist fatigue. Only in this way can we ensure that we are energetic and clear-headed during the exam.
Nine kinds of mentality to avoid the college entrance examination
First, the mentality before the exam
1, inferiority complex: I always think that I can't do anything, and I am afraid of the upcoming college entrance examination. ——
★ The correct way: believe in yourself, because you have made full preparations and mastered quite a lot of knowledge and problem-solving methods, and you are confident to get a satisfactory score.
2, relax mentality: self-righteousness, excessive relaxation, nothing to see, leading to unprofessional.
★ The correct way: keep moderate tension, arrange corresponding subject review according to the examination time, and pay attention to keeping the temperature.
3, anxious mentality: I hope that the exam will come soon, but I am afraid that it will really come, and I am afraid all day.
★ The correct way: do some simple exercises and take a deep breath; Do some basic questions and summarize the rules of answering questions; Think more about your successful experience and give yourself some positive hints.
Second, the test-taking mentality.
1, anxious mentality: In order to grab time, I just got the test questions, and I was impatient. I didn't set the test conditions, so I rushed to answer the questions.
★ The correct way: When you get the test questions, you should skim them first, so as to know what you are doing. Don't rush to do the problem every time. First, see clearly the conditions for setting questions and dig out obscure information. According to the conditions, what should be sought first, then what should be sought, and then what should be sought, so that the problems can be solved in order.
2. Hesitant mentality: As soon as I come into contact with the test questions, I seem to have a lot of ideas, but I feel vague about every idea. Don't know what to do, hesitate, don't write.
★ The correct way: analyze the question carefully, choose the ideas that you think are more suitable, and answer the questions.
3, irritability mentality: I still can't understand it after trying it several times, and I am upset. Trying again failed, and I was even more annoyed. This fidgety mentality has blocked the train of thought, lost inspiration and hindered the exertion of ability and level.
★ The correct way: calm down, don't be impatient, mark this topic for a while and continue to do the following topic.
4. Stubborn mentality: I can't attack the questions for a long time during the exam, but I don't want to give up, and I don't want to think from another angle, thinking hard and wasting my time.
★ The correct way: don't go all the way to the dark, don't lose a big watermelon for a sesame seed.
5, depressed mentality: during the exam, some questions can not be captured for a long time, and when it is time to give up, there is a sense of regret.
★ The correct way: a little "A Q spirit", you can observe the candidates around you and draw the conclusion that "I am more difficult for them" and "they may not be able to do the questions I didn't do".
6. Impulsive mentality: After many attempts, I was suddenly inspired by generate, suddenly enlightened, extremely excited and out of control.
★ Correct way: Tell yourself to be calm and not to be carried away by victory.
College entrance examination psychology: singing the day before the exam
"Before the exam, some candidates were very worried about whether they could play the college entrance examination normally and showed anxiety." Teacher Zhang, who is engaged in psychological counseling, told reporters that some students usually have excellent grades and clear goals, but they have been worried that they will not be able to play normally before the exam and will not be admitted to the ideal university. "Some candidates think very far-if they can't be admitted to CUHK and South China University of Technology, will it be difficult to work in the future and will life be very bad? Some candidates will lose sleep because of nervousness. " Teacher Zhang told the reporter, "College entrance examination candidates are in the most energetic period in their lives. Occasionally, poor sleep will not affect their energy. Sleeping in bed is also a kind of rest. Candidates don't have to worry, don't concentrate on falling asleep and listen to some relaxing music. "
In view of excessive anxiety, Mr. Zhang suggested that candidates should make positive self-suggestion before the exam to cheer themselves up. Candidates can recall their usual successful experiences and tell themselves: "I can do it, I have mastered most of the knowledge, OK! Everything that should be reviewed has been reviewed! I am ready! " The day before the exam, you can show your best talents in class and dormitory, such as singing, reciting and drawing. Other students should appreciate, praise, give applause and encouragement, and experience success and happiness in the interaction between students. At the same time, candidates should realize that studying in colleges and universities is only a stage of life, and colleges and universities only provide a learning environment and space, and more success depends on personal efforts. Many successful people can succeed without attending a prestigious school.
Enter the examination room and keep calm.
Taking the college entrance examination as a normal exam and keeping calm and comfortable, Mr. Zhang introduced some tips to the candidates: after entering the examination room, when the invigilator handed out the test paper, drink some water and calm down: "Isn't it just an exam?" I have been through a lot. This is nothing. " Look out of the window, let the mood return to quiet nature, and think about the relaxation plan after this exam. If you feel your heart beating faster, you can touch your heart humorously and say with a smile, "Look, my heart is so normal that it is abnormal if it doesn't jump." When distributing test papers, candidates should slowly fill in the personal admission ticket number, name and other information one by one to ensure accuracy.
Reasonable arrangement of time during the examination.
During the examination, some candidates may "tie the knot" on some difficult topics, thus wasting valuable time and causing tension.
"Before the exam, students can make an emergency psychological preparation: there will inevitably be mistakes in the exam, so be sure to leave room for mistakes. If you want to get a score of 100 in the Chinese exam, candidates should master Chinese knowledge to 1 10, so that if the exam is influenced by accidental factors, you can achieve your goal. In case you encounter a difficult problem in the exam and can't solve it for a while, candidates should give up decisively to avoid penny wise and pound foolish and ensure that there is enough time to complete other topics. Especially in the comprehensive exam, the number of questions is particularly large, so it is necessary to skip it in time and try to complete more questions. " Teacher Zhang's advice to the majority of candidates.
Teacher Zhang reminded that at the critical moment of the college entrance examination, all social parties and families should work together to create a peaceful and quiet environment for the college entrance examination, so that students can have a relaxed attitude to take the exam.
Don't imply that it doesn't matter if you don't do well in the exam.
"Stress may be the grass that crushed the camel. The weight of a grass is negligible. It seems impossible to crush a camel at ordinary times, but the pressure on the camel is too great, too heavy and too long, so this grass is enough to crush a camel. " In the final sprint stage of the college entrance examination, Professor Liu Zhenning, director of the psychological ward of the Institute of Mental Health of the Second Xiangya Hospital and a member of the professional committee of clinical psychological consultation and treatment in China, pointed out that stress must be paid attention to and released in time. Our reporter Liu Shaolong correspondent Wei Jingyu Changsha reports.
Student: Avoid your own "psychological trap"
As the college entrance examination approaches, it is unrealistic to say that students have no pressure and tension. "It's a good thing to be stressed and nervous. Students should understand that the tension and pressure at this time are friends, not enemies. " Professor Liu Zhenning said. But too much pressure or too little pressure is not good. If it is too big, students can easily fall into their own "psychological trap". It's too small, and it's not good for the exam.
The "psychological trap" is nervousness. Many students have a little nervous tendency, such as "I can't remember some words", "I didn't do well in the mock exam" and "I didn't even dream of getting into a good university" ... I have always remembered this matter in my heart and can't get it out. In this way, the tension can be infinitely enhanced, resulting in more and more pressure.
"In fact, many students have not found their own advantages, so they should be good at not being nervous about their own' nervousness', so as to jump out of the' psychological trap' and return to the normal college entrance examination preparation stage." Professor Liu Zhenning said.
Professor Liu Zhening found some phenomena after consulting thousands of college entrance examination students. Those students who catch a cold before the exam often do well in the exam. Why? Such students all hint to themselves in their hearts, "It is excusable to fail the exam, which is a physical reason." In this way, they can go into battle lightly, without mental burden, and it is entirely possible to play their normal level. This shows that students pay too much attention to the test results and often fall into their own "psychological trap", while they care about the process and can accept bad results in advance, so that candidates will get out of the "psychological trap".
Parents: Don't imply that it doesn't matter if you don't do well in the exam.
Before the college entrance examination, parents often say to their children, "It doesn't matter if you don't do well in the exam." Professor Liu Zhening said that this kind of suggestion will have a very bad effect and give students a negative self-suggestion. Parents should let their children form positive self-confidence. Candidates should actively hint and cheer themselves up according to their own situation before the exam. "I can do it, I will do it", "I have great potential" and "I have made great progress". You can also shout slogans yourself.
Parents should not show unusual concern. Every movement, every sentence and every expression will cause children's psychological fluctuations. Parents should give help according to the characteristics of their children. If the child belongs to the independent type, parents can behave as before; If the child is sticky, then parents should actively care; For children with strong self-care ability, parents should not pick them up during the college entrance examination; Parents can pick up and drop off children with poor self-care ability.
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