Where is the human kidney?

The kidneys are located on both sides of the spine, near the posterior abdominal wall and behind the peritoneum. The upper end of the left kidney is flat on the lower edge of 1 1 thoracic vertebra, and the lower end is flat on the lower edge of 2 lumbar vertebrae. The right kidney is half a vertebral body lower than the left kidney. The left 12 rib obliquely passes through the posterior middle part of the left kidney and the right 12 rib obliquely passes through the posterior upper part of the right kidney.

The kidney is about10-12cm long, 5-6cm wide and 3-4cm thick, and weighs120-150g. The left kidney is slightly larger than the right kidney, and the upper end of the longitudinal axis of the kidney is inward and the lower end is outward, so the upper kidney is extremely close and the lower kidney is extremely far, and the angle between the longitudinal axis of the kidney and the spine is about 30 degrees.

Extended data

The kidney is a dark red solid organ shaped like a broad bean. The surface of kidney is smooth, which can be divided into upper and lower ends, front and rear sides, and inner and outer edges.

(1) hius renalis: It is a depression in the middle of the medial edge of the kidney, where the renal artery, renal vein, renal pelvis, nerves and lymphatic vessels enter and exit.

(2) Renal pedicle: All structures entering and leaving the renal hilum are surrounded by connective tissue, which is called renal pedicle. The right renal pedicle is shorter than the left renal pedicle.

(3) Renal sinus: it is a cavity formed by the depression of the hilum into the renal parenchyma. It contains renal calyx, renal calyx, renal pelvis, renal artery branches, renal vein branches, lymphatic vessels, nerves and adipose tissue.

The outer edge of the kidney is convex, the inner edge is concave, and the middle of the concave surface is the renal hilum, from which all blood vessels, nerves and lymphatic vessels enter the kidney, and the bladder goes out. The renal vein is in front, the artery is in the middle, and the renal pelvis is in the back; The renal artery is above and the vein is below.

Baidu encyclopedia-kidney

Baidu encyclopedia-kidney