I. Epidemic hemorrhagic fever
Epidemic hemorrhagic fever, also known as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, is an important infectious disease that harms human health. It is a natural epidemic disease caused by epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus (Hantavirus), mainly infected by rats. The incidence rate of young adults is high. The main clinical manifestations are fever, bleeding, congestion, hypotension shock and renal damage. The mortality rate is as high as 20% ~ 90%. Killing rats is the key to eliminating this disease. The most economical and effective way to prevent epidemic hemorrhagic fever is to inoculate hemorrhagic fever vaccine.
Prevention: To prevent epidemic hemorrhagic fever, we must pay attention to hygiene, wash our hands frequently and do a good job in family hygiene. We must dispose of the dead mice in the house in time and burn them to death. Indoor air and ground can be disinfected with pasteurized disinfectant, and items such as sheets and quilts that have crawled over rats should be thoroughly cleaned before use.
Second, hepatitis A.
Hepatitis A is an infectious disease caused by hepatitis A virus, mainly caused by liver inflammation. It is mainly transmitted through fecal-oral route. The main clinical manifestations are fatigue, loss of appetite, hepatomegaly and abnormal liver function, and some cases have jaundice. This disease can occur at any age, but it mainly occurs in children and adolescents. The clinical symptoms of hepatitis A in adults are generally more serious than those in children. Winter and spring are often the peak period of hepatitis A.
Prevention:
1, control the source of infection, and isolate the patients diagnosed with hepatitis A. The incubation period of hepatitis A is 15 to 45 days, and its infection is the most important time to expel hepatitis A virus, about one month before onset.
2, cut off the route of transmission, hepatitis A, as a disease transmitted by the digestive tract, enters this process through the mouth, so it is necessary to strictly control unclean drinking water and food.
Three. hepatitis B
Chronic hepatitis B (hereinafter referred to as hepatitis B) refers to those who are positive for hepatitis B virus, have a course of more than half a year or an unknown onset date, and have clinical manifestations of chronic hepatitis. The clinical manifestations are fatigue, aversion to food, nausea, abdominal distension, liver pain and other symptoms. The liver is large, with moderate hardness and mild tenderness. Severe cases may be accompanied by chronic liver disease, spider nevus, liver palm, splenomegaly, abnormal or persistent liver function. Vaccination with hepatitis B vaccine is the most effective way to prevent hepatitis B virus infection.
Prevention: avoid sharing personal items with others, such as razors, toothbrushes, nail clippers, earrings, etc. To prevent the hepatitis B virus on these items from entering the body through the broken skin, thus causing infection.