Reference answers and analysis of knowledge and ability guarantee education
First, multiple-choice questions (this topic is entitled * * 10, with 3 points for each question and 30 points for * * *).
1. Answer B. Analysis: This question examines the intensive classification in Bandura's Observation and Learning. Bandura divides reinforcement into direct reinforcement, vicarious reinforcement and direct reinforcement. Option A: Direct reinforcement: Strengthen the observer by expressing observation behavior. That is, it acts on itself; Vicarious reinforcement of Option B: Learners are strengthened by observing the beneficial results of others' behaviors. That is, it acts on others, which accords with the problem that peas get rewards for looking at flowers; C option self-reinforcement: people can observe their own behavior and judge according to their own standards, thus strengthening or punishing themselves. That is, self-supervision and evaluation; D option regression refers to repeated indifference and reduced behavior. ACD does not meet the meaning of the question, and the answer to this question is B.
2. Answer C. Analysis: This question examines Comenius' masterpiece. Comenius' representative works are: Parenting School and World Map. Option a is Plato's work; Option b is Locke's work; C option is Comenius' work, which conforms to the topic, among which Parenting is the first monograph on preschool education in the world; Option D is the work of Chen Heqin. ABD does not meet the meaning of the question, and the answer to this question is C.
3. Answer C. Analysis: This question examines the classification of imagination. According to the purpose and planning of imagination, imagination can be divided into unintentional imagination and intentional imagination. According to the different degrees of novelty, independence and creativity, intentional imagination can be divided into recreating imagination and creating imagination. Option A: Unintentional imagination, also called involuntary imagination, refers to the involuntary imagination under the influence of some stimulus without a predetermined purpose, which is the simplest and most primary form of imagination; Option b, intentional imagination, also known as random imagination, refers to the imagination consciously carried out under a certain will according to the predetermined purpose; C option recreating imagination refers to the process of forming a new image of the corresponding thing in the human brain according to the description of words or the instructions of graphic symbols. The emphasis is on the description of words or the indication of graphic symbols, and the scale and shape of the steps in the stem belong to the indication of graphic symbols; D option to create imagination means to create a new image and psychological process independently in the human brain according to certain purposes and tasks, rather than based on ready-made descriptions. ABD does not meet the meaning of the question, and the answer to this question is C.
4. Answer D. Analysis: This question examines the thinking tools in the development trend of thinking. Option A: The tools used in intuitive action thinking are mainly perception and action; Option B: The tools used in concrete thinking in images are mainly representations; C option: the tool used in abstract logical thinking is that the concept represented by words is correct, and D option should be that the role of action in it is from big to small, the role of language is from small to big, and the description of the stem is wrong. The answer to this question is D.
5. Answer B. Analysis: This question examines the thinking tools in the development trend of thinking. Option A: The tools used in intuitive action thinking are mainly perception and action; Option b: the tools used in figurative thinking are mainly representations, and the flowers in the stem are representations; C option: the tools used in abstract logical thinking are concepts expressed in words; D option is interference item, and the answer to this question is B.
6. Answer A. Analysis: Option B: Childhood amnesia refers to the phenomenon that children's memories cannot be maintained permanently before the age of 3, not 5; C. option: it should be to admit dependence perception; Reproduction depends on the appearance, and the option description is wrong; D option: vowels and consonants should appear at the same time, and the option description is wrong; Option a is correct, and the answer to this question is a.
7. Answer A. Analysis: This question examines the source of vitamins. Vitamin A only exists in animal foods, such as liver, egg yolk and milk. Some plant foods, such as spinach, pea seedlings, red sweet potatoes and carrots, contain carotene, which can be converted into vitamin A in the intestine. Option a is correct, and the answer to this question is a.
8. Answer D. Analysis: This question examines the child's diet. It is generally suggested that the heat energy provided by protein should account for10% ~15% of the total heat energy in infants' daily diet; Fat accounts for 25-30% and carbohydrate accounts for 55-60%. Breakfast: heat production accounts for 25% ~ 30% of the total heat energy of the whole day; Chinese food: heat production accounts for 35% ~ 40% of the total heat energy of the whole day; Dinner: heat production accounts for 25% ~ 30% of the total heat energy of the whole day. So, the answer to this question is D.
9. Answer B. Analysis: This question examines the morning inspection. According to the situation of each park, the morning examination can be carried out by the class teacher, or by the specialized nurses and health care teachers. Morning check-up is to know the health status of children and check their personal cleanliness, so as to achieve early detection, prevention, isolation and treatment of diseases. Morning check-up is to understand the health status of young children. Other options are irrelevant. So the answer to this question is B.
10. Answer C. Analysis: This question examines the classification of kindergarten education activities. Kindergarten education activities can be divided into life activities, game activities and learning activities from the perspective of activity characteristics. Option c is interference. So the answer to this question is C.
Second, short answer questions (this big question ***2 small questions, each small question 15 points, ***30 points)
1 1. Answer the main points
(1) Good teacher-student relationship helps children get care.
(2) A good teacher-child relationship helps children feel safe.
(3) Good teacher-child relationship helps to establish peer relationship among children.
(4) Good teacher-child relationship is helpful to teachers' professional growth and development.
12. Answer the main points
(1) from the understanding of a single thing to the understanding of the relationship between things.
(2) From relying mainly on the understanding of specific images to relying on the understanding of words.
(3) From simple and superficial understanding to more complex and profound understanding.
(4) From perceptual knowledge to more objective understanding.
(5) Never understand the relative relationship of things to gradually understand the relative relationship of things.
Third, the essay question (this big title is 1 small question, 20 points)
13. Reference answer
The new "Outline" points out that the family is an important partner of the kindergarten. Based on the principles of respect, equality and cooperation, we should strive for parents' understanding, support and active participation, and actively support and help parents improve their educational ability. ?
(A) the principles of kindergarten parents' work
1. The principle of respecting parents
Respect for parents is the premise of doing a good job of parents.
2. The principle of requiring moderation
3. The principle of two-way feedback
(b) Strategies for effective communication with parents
1. Compassion and respect for parents
2. Evaluate objectively and gain trust.
3. Pay attention to methods and artistic exchanges
(1) From the child's point of view
(2) Clever refusal
(3) avoid? Find fault?
(4) Soften contradictions and deal with them calmly.
Four, material analysis questions (this big question ***2 small questions, each small question 20 points, ***40 points) read the material and answer the questions.
14. Reference answer
Children don't have to worry too much, and they don't have to be scared every day. Although there are many differences between kindergarten and primary school, the peer relationship remains unchanged and you will have your own good friends. First, explain to parents what is the difference between primary school and kindergarten, and explain the possible discomfort of children after entering primary school, as follows:
The present situation of the connection between preschool education institutions and primary schools;
Differences between pre-school education and primary education
1. Improvement of social demand
2. Changes in the life system
3. Differences in teacher-student relationship
4. A radical change in the living environment
5. The content of education has deepened and the methods of visualization have decreased.
Preschool children who enter primary school are not adapted.
1. Physical properties
Physically, there are phenomena such as lack of sleep, physical fatigue, loss of appetite and weight loss;
2. Psychological aspects
Psychological burden, psychological pressure, depression, lack of self-confidence, decreased interest in learning, etc.
3. Social aspects
Some students even have fear and weariness of learning because of poor social communication and tense interpersonal relationship.
Mom doesn't have to be too flustered every day. As a kindergarten teacher, we will prepare for the following aspects:
(1) Strengthen the quality training that children should have to adapt to primary schools.
1. Cultivate children's initiative
2. Cultivate independence
3. Develop interpersonal skills
4. Cultivate children's awareness of rules and tasks.
5. Develop sports and enhance physical fitness.
(2) Prepare children for school.
1. Try to narrow the gap with primary schools.
First, adjust the daily routine system; Secondly, change the layout of the environment during the activity.
2. Carry out educational activities to adapt to primary schools
First of all, carry out education to cultivate adaptability in primary schools; Secondly, lead children to visit primary schools and carry out social activities.
3. Hold a grand graduation ceremony
To sum up, we can consider the mothers of Tian Tian and Tian Tian from two aspects: the content and mode of the connection between preschool education institutions and primary schools, and the current situation of the connection between preschool education institutions and primary schools.
15. Reference answer
Teacher Zhang's practice in this case is inappropriate and belongs to model painting. No matter what objective reasons exist, teachers should aim at promoting the harmonious development of children's body and mind without violating the guidelines and other laws and regulations. The specific reasons are as follows:
Art is an important form for human beings to feel, express and create beauty, and it is also a unique way for human beings to express their understanding and emotional attitude towards the surrounding world.
Children feel and understand things differently from adults, and express their knowledge and feelings in different ways. Children's unique brushstrokes, movements and language often contain rich imagination and emotion. Adults should fully understand and respect children's artistic expression, and should not judge children by their own aesthetic standards, let alone pursue results? Perfect? And train children in the same way, so as not to stifle their imagination and creativity.
At the same time, teachers can refer to the following educational suggestions:
Educational suggestions:
Respect children's spontaneous performance and creation, and give appropriate guidance.
(1) Encourage children to observe and experience carefully in life and accumulate experience and materials for artistic activities. For example, observe the shapes and colors of different tree species.
(2) Provide rich materials, such as books, photos, paintings or music works, so that children can choose independently and imitate or create in their own way, and adults don't ask too much.
(3) According to children's life experience, determine the theme of artistic expression with children, and guide children to imagine and perform artistically around the theme.
(4) When children draw, it is not appropriate to provide template paintings, especially children should not be required to draw completely according to template paintings.
(5) Affirm the advantages of children's works and guide children to improve by expressing their feelings. Like what? Your painting uses so much red, and it feels as festive as Chinese New Year? 、? Your voice as a wolf is really beautiful. It would be better if your expression was a little more intense? Wait a minute.
To sum up, it is inappropriate to use template painting in teaching activities, and so is teacher Zhang's practice.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) activity design question (this big question 1, 30 points)
16. Reference design
Large-scale sports activities "picking pinecones"
I. Activity objectives
1. Emotional goal: I like participating in sports activities and willing to show my actions.
2. Skill goal: Abide by the rules of the game, skip the hula hoop with one foot, and keep your body balanced in the process of jumping with one foot.
3. Cognitive goal: Know the method of jumping forward with one foot continuously, and understand the rules of the game of picking up pinecones.
Second, activities are both important and difficult.
1. Activity focus: I like to participate in sports games with my companions and know how to jump forward with one foot.
2. Difficulties in activities: master the method of hula-hoop jumping with one foot, keep your body balanced in the process of jumping with one foot, and understand and abide by the rules of the game.
Third, activity preparation
1. Material preparation: 4 tires, 5 hula hoops, 4 small baskets, some small sandbags, rabbit dance and soft and soothing music.
2. Experience preparation: The child has had a short jump experience.
Fourth, the activity process
(A) the lead-in part
Warm-up lead-in.
The warm-up rhythm of the rabbit dance between teachers and children arouses children's interest, naturally leads to the basic movements of jumping, paving the way for the smooth progress of the next link.
(1) The teacher leads the children to walk in a circle and practice the movements of upper and lower limbs, waist, twisting and jumping.
(2) With the music of rabbit dance, teachers and children dance together and review the dance moves.
(2) expansion part
1. The teacher showed the one-legged jump, and the children watched and practiced the one-legged jump without obstacles.
(1) The teacher asks questions to make children think.
Teacher:? Just now, did all the children hear the magic of rabbits? Then what actions can we do better than bunny?
(2) The teacher shows the action of one-legged jumping, and the children try the barrier-free one-legged jumping practice, while the teacher pays attention to the children who find the action standard.
(3) Let the children perform actions, and the teacher supplements the summary points. Action essentials: when taking off, the soles of your feet should be hard; Bend your knees before jumping and landing.
2. The teacher arranges the practice field, and the children boldly practice hula-hoop jumping with one foot.
(1) The teacher shows the hula hoop, and lays several hula hoops on the ground according to a certain position to guide the children to practice.
Teacher:? The children are all excellent and can dance well on one foot, but the teacher still has to test everyone. Can you jump the hula hoop with one foot?
(2) The teacher reminds you of the precautions and essentials, and the children practice hopping.
Teacher:? Children should see their feet clearly when jumping, don't trip over the hula hoop and don't get hurt. ?
Teacher:? Children, don't forget that one leg of our knee should be bent off the ground, the other leg should jump forward, the forefoot should be pushed to the ground, and the arm should swing naturally. When landing, our knees should bend and cushion, and soon jump to the edge of the hula hoop. ?
3. Did the child make it? Picking up pine cones? In the game, the teacher gives appropriate guidance and evaluation.
(1) Site layout: the distance from the starting point to the end point is about 6m. Teams: start with 1 small basket and finish with 1 flat tire. Are the tires equipped? Pine cones? (small sandbag), five hula hoops are vertically placed between the starting point and the end point.
(2) Explain the play: Children are divided into four teams with equal numbers, each standing behind the starting line, about 6 meters away from the opposite side. At the beginning of the game, when the teacher gave the order, the children at the head of each team skipped through the hula hoop and picked up one? Pine cones? Then switch feet, jump back to the starting point with one foot, and let go? Pine cones? Put yourself in a small basket and put yourself at the end of the team, starting from the second place and proceeding in turn. In the end, the team that finished first won.
(3) Emphasize the rules of the game: if you can't hold on, you can change your feet, but you can't jump with both feet.
(4) Game summary: announce the winning team and praise the team that is slow but abides by the rules.
(3) Conclusion.
Just relax。 Over.
The teacher plays soft and soothing music, leading the children to concentrate on the relaxation exercises of lower limbs, patting their legs with both hands and so on. , naturally ended the activity.
The expansion of verb (verb's abbreviation) activity
Corner activities: extending to the art district
Please draw a happy scene of picking up pine cones.