According to the theory of self-worth, people tend to establish and maintain self-worth. People realize their own value through unremitting efforts and get social recognition and recognition. However, in real life, it is generally believed that only success can be achieved.
What is considered valuable, glory and honor belong only to successful people, while failure is often regarded as incompetence, being left out and despised. So people have a kind of ambivalence: on the one hand, they are eager for success, and they are eager for success.
On the other hand, people are full of fear of failure and being labeled as incompetent. Therefore, when people are uncertain about their future success, they are more inclined to adopt escape strategies and attribute their failures.
Avoid the damage to self-worth caused by failure due to factors unrelated to ability.
In addition, effort itself is also a double-edged sword. It is gratifying to succeed through hard work, but there are certain risks in the effort itself. It will be even more frustrating if you have made too much efforts and failed to achieve the corresponding success.
Mourn, because efforts are no longer considered as a factor affecting success or failure, but attribute failure to one's own ability. Therefore, students are more inclined to adopt this way of not working hard because it prevents failure caused by not working hard.
Attribution of ability, thus protecting self-worth. Therefore, we usually say that students don't work hard, not because they lack the motivation to learn and don't like learning, but because the reason that triggers learning motivation is wrong. Their motivation is
Some students get sick or have a car accident before a major exam to protect their self-worth, so do their psychological motives.
So how to deal with students who don't study hard? Since the reason why students don't study hard is to protect their self-worth, in order to effectively motivate students to learn, teachers should eliminate students' fear of failure and protect their self-worth from harm. Specifically, they can adopt the following strategies:
1 Reduce competition and make every student have the possibility of success.
Although competition can really make students more active to a certain extent, it is also accompanied by great negative effects. Competition has created many losers as well as winners. For most students, it is related to
It says competition is a reward, not an interference. They pay too much attention to the comparison with others, pay little attention to what they have learned from their low school, and often worry about the embarrassment caused by failure.
Therefore, in the management of education and teaching, we should minimize competition, create various opportunities for students to show themselves, and ensure the possibility of success for each student.
2 Effective feedback
School management and teaching should give students all kinds of information in the process of learning, rather than ranking and comparing with each other. If information feedback provides an evaluation of students' ability, then this feedback is very important for academic performance.
Students with low grades are threatening, and they will resist or escape this evaluation by not working hard. Therefore, effective feedback should provide students with valuable and meaningful information, such as the lack of learning methods and knowledge.
The loopholes in mastery are really for the improvement and improvement of students' learning, not for severe criticism or denial of ability.
Create a supportive learning environment, so that students can realize that they can succeed as long as they work hard.
In teaching, we should emphasize learning objectives, what students can learn and encourage students to cooperate and help each other. We should regard mistakes as part of the learning process and encourage students to dare to say things they don't know, instead of being ashamed to say their "ignorance", let alone laugh at others' failures and gloat.
Create a supportive learning environment, encourage students to actively participate in various learning-related activities, pay attention to the learning process, not the grades, and let students realize that learning requires hard work, and hard work is an input.
This is not an adventure. As long as you have patience, perseverance and perseverance, the investment will eventually pay off. When students study hard, teachers should give positive guidance to help them succeed.
4. Cultivate students' positive self-attribution.
Students who don't study hard often attribute their success or failure to external and uncontrollable factors such as luck, exam difficulty and surrounding environment. They are extremely uncertain about their ability and the period of success.
Expectation is very low, so in teaching, students should experience success by setting appropriate goals and teachers' effective guidance, and cultivate students to attribute success to their own efforts, believe that they can succeed and control themselves.
Self-control can decide your own destiny. When they believe that they have the ability to succeed, they will study harder.
5 Maintain students' self-worth
Teachers are forbidden to severely criticize and scold students who violate discipline in class. Students with poor grades need to protect their self-worth. We should seriously protect their good public image, maintain their self-esteem, and don't criticize students too much, let alone make things worse because of their poor grades.
Establish a positive and encouraging learning environment, allow students to have the right to choose homework appropriately, allow students to re-do revised papers after giving correct feedback, and reward and evaluate students with their progress.