Popularize knowledge of diabetes prevention and treatment;
Advocate a healthy lifestyle;
It is suggested that oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) be used to screen type 2 diabetes in key population. If the screening results are normal, repeat the examination after 3 years;
Early intervention of impaired glucose regulation (impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting blood glucose).
Five, high-risk groups of diabetes
Have a history of impaired glucose regulation;
Age ≥45 years old;
Obesity: body mass index (BMI) ≥ 28;
First-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes;
Have a history of macrosomia (birth weight ≥ 4 kg);
History of gestational diabetes;
Hypertension (blood pressure ≥140/90 mmhg);
Dyslipidemia [HDL-C ≤ 35 mg/dl (0.91mmol/l), TG ≥ 250 mg/dl (2.75 mmol/l)];
Patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases;
* * * Lifestyle people.
2. What are the main ways to carry out diabetes education in the community?
1. In community hospitals, through the establishment of personal health files, various forms of health guidance, blood sugar and urine sugar monitoring guidance, drug treatment guidance, lifestyle guidance, smoking cessation and alcohol restriction propaganda, mental health guidance and family cooperation were carried out to enable patients to acquire basic knowledge of diabetes prevention and treatment, urge patients to maintain a stable mood and a scientific lifestyle, delay the occurrence and development of complications, and improve their quality of life.
2. Establish personal health records in the form of diabetes health education in community hospitals: firstly, with the support of community neighborhood committees, conduct a thorough survey of community residents, and establish personal health records for diagnosed diabetes patients, including name, gender, age, home address, hospital name, current medical history, family history, important cardiovascular diseases, complications, treatment measures, etc. 1.2 carry out various forms of health guidance: invite diabetes experts from endocrinology department of municipal hospitals to give 1 lecture in the community every year to raise the awareness of diabetic patients and high-risk groups in the community; Organize small-scale community activities 1-2 times a year, invite diabetic patients or their families with good diet, exercise and drug treatment in the community to introduce their experiences, and at the same time distribute diabetes health education pamphlets and broadcast vcd special education films on diabetes prevention and treatment, so as to provide a platform for patients and their families to communicate with each other and let diabetic patients and high-risk groups realize that it is not impossible to control diabetes. As long as the methods are proper and persistent, diabetes can be controlled. For some patients who are older, have lower education level and have no children around them, they are specially equipped with corresponding responsible doctors and nurses, who provide regular on-site service and personalized guidance, patiently answer patients' questions, and give specific guidance in combination with patients' illness and living conditions.
Through various forms of health guidance, the self-management ability of patients can be improved and the educational effect can be enhanced.
3. Contents of health education bulletin board
The content of health education still depends on what you need to do. For example, general knowledge: health knowledge awareness rate and health behavior formation rate questionnaire 1. Health knowledge questions: (multiple choices are allowed) 1. Chuangwei is the abbreviation of creating a national health city. Which statement is correct? (AB )A A. Chuangwei can strengthen urban management and accelerate the construction of urban sanitation infrastructure.
B, can improve the living environment, improve the health and civilized quality of residents. 2. What health behaviors are required of citizens to create a national health city? (ABCD )A A A. Don't dump garbage or discharge sewage indiscriminately.
B. Do not spit, urinate or smoke in public places. C, don't pull disorderly hang, don't scribble disorderly stick, don't heap the place, don't occupy the road.
D, do a good job of "three bags in front of the door". 3. What are the risk factors that affect health? Smoking; Alcoholism, unsafe sex.
B, hypertension; High cholesterol and obesity. C, drinking water is unclean, lack of public health conditions.
4. What is a healthy lifestyle? (ABD )A A a. A reasonable and balanced diet. B, regular exercise, moderate work and rest, regular life.
C, often play mahjong all night for entertainment. Reject drugs and sexual promiscuity.
5. What are the correct ways to keep the room clean? (ABC )A A A. Always open doors and windows to make indoor air circulate and keep the air clean and fresh. B range hoods should be used in the kitchen and exhaust fans should be installed in the bathroom.
Don't smoke indoors, especially in the bedroom. 6. Civilization disease is the "five-disease syndrome", which refers to? Obesity and diabetes.
B, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. 7. What are the main measures to prevent hypertension? (ABC )A A A. Live a regular life, adhere to moderate physical exercise and ensure adequate sleep.
B, don't smoke, don't drink or drink less, control diet and prevent obesity. C, the diet should be low in salt, low in fat and light, and eat more fresh vegetables and fruits.
8. How to prevent diabetes? Take an active part in physical exercise and manual labor. B, obesity and adults with obvious family history of diabetes should check their blood sugar regularly.
C. Obese people should control their diet, lose weight, control their weight and eat more fresh vegetables. 9. What health damage will smoking or passive smoking cause? It can cause lung, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases and various tumors.
B, it will aggravate diabetes. C, easy to cause common diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
10, which of the following is not the transmission route of AIDS? (c) 1. Blood transfusion and sexual contact. B. breastfeeding and intravenous drug abuse.
C, mosquito bites, shaking hands, hugging, eating together, drinking together and other daily contacts. 1 1. What are the main measures to prevent respiratory infectious diseases in winter and spring? (AC )A A A. Go to public places less, exercise and improve your resistance.
B. Wear a mask when going out and close the doors and windows at home. C, pay attention to personal hygiene and enhance physical fitness.
12. What are the effective measures to prevent rabies after dog injury? (ABC )A A. Wash the wound thoroughly with soapy water or clean water for at least 15 minutes. B after thorough washing, wipe the wound with 2-3% iodine or 75% alcohol.
C, immediately treat the wound and vaccinate against rabies. 13, how to prevent intestinal infectious diseases: (A )A, drink boiled water, eat cooked food, wash your hands b, exercise frequently, be nutritious, have a good rest c, nourish, keep warm and ventilate 14, what diseases are flies prone to spread? (2) A, B and epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis.
B. bacillary dysentery and typhoid fever. C, the flu.
15, mosquitoes are easy to spread diseases? (ABC )A, JE B, Malaria C, Filariasis 16. What diseases can rats spread? (ABC) A, Plague B, Leptospirosis C, Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever 17, What diseases can cockroaches spread? (ABC )A, dysentery B, typhoid fever C, ascariasis 18, which statement is wrong about keeping food in the refrigerator for a long time? Bacteria can still reproduce slowly at low temperature, leading to food spoilage. B, oils and other foods can still undergo chemical reactions at low temperatures and deteriorate.
C, it can be stored aseptically at low temperature, and the food will not go bad. 19, form the habit of washing hands before and after meals, mainly for prevention? (1) Intestinal infectious diseases.
B, respiratory infectious diseases. C, blood-borne diseases.
20. There are five kinds of tableware disinfection: steam disinfection, boiling disinfection, infrared disinfection, drug disinfection and electric heating disinfection. How many minutes does it take to disinfect tableware by boiling disinfection? (b) Answer, 3-5 minutes.
B, 10- 15 minutes. C. half an hour.
2. Please choose the healthy behaviors that you and your family can do (tick "√" instead of "*")1,learn health knowledge, have health books, and often take part in physical exercise; 2. No spitting, littering, smoking or drinking; 3. If you are sick, you should seek medical treatment as soon as possible and have regular physical examination; 4. Wash your hands before and after meals to prevent "illness from entering the mouth"; 5. Brush your teeth every morning and evening and rinse your mouth after meals; 6. Take a bath, have a haircut, cut your nails, change clothes, dry your bedding and keep your clothes clean and tidy; 7. Exercise once a day; 8. Respect science and abide by the convention on civic morality. 9. Actively participate in cultural and sports activities beneficial to physical and mental health; 10, obey the traffic rules and avoid accidents.
1 1, pay attention to nutrition collocation, separate raw and cooked, and have at least two cutting boards and two kitchen knives; 12. Households are equipped with common disinfectants, and tableware is disinfected regularly; 13, often through radio, television, health science newspapers and periodicals to learn health knowledge, and constantly enhance self-care ability; 14, the room is clean, free of cobwebs, dust and oil stains, with bright windows and neat articles; 15, indoor air is fresh, no odor, no mosquitoes, flies, rats, cockroaches, etc. 16, the kitchen has good smoke and exhaust facilities; 17. Kitchen cookers, bowls and chopsticks are clean, items are stored neatly, the ground is protected clean, and the refrigerator is cooked separately; 18, the toilet has no peculiar smell, no flies, the urinal has no urine scale, and the floor, doors, windows, walls, lamps and washbasins are clean and tidy; 19, according to the requirements of planned immunization, let the children be vaccinated on time. 20. The balcony is clean and tidy, and closed. Don't pile up sundry publicity columns. As long as a title is listed, the content will expand around the title.