What causes many incurable rare diseases?

Gene mutation is very common in humans, mainly caused by changes in cell structure, leading to many genetic diseases, most of which can be seen from the appearance, and more often even scientists can't explain it, such as the following examples.

1. The human tail.

Usually, people with this disease don't live long, most of them live to 10 or 20 years old, and they are too weak to have children. In the early years, patients with aging syndrome will have skin wrinkles, with a big head and a small body, which looks like the elderly. In addition, their skin is very thin and they can see all the blood vessels.

2. Premature aging syndrome.

This painting reminds us that human beings are indeed animals. Maybe we have developed brains, but in the end we are just a group of barbarians in beautiful clothes. Over time, our spine will contract to adapt. We can walk, run, swim and balance our bodies, so we don't need tails. However, due to the relationship between gene composition and evolutionary ability, some people may leave their tails, as shown in the figure.

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3. Unataning syndrome.

This is a disease discovered by Turkish professor Unatan, so it is called Unatan syndrome. People with this disease have gorilla-like limbs, speech difficulties and some form of intellectual disability. Because of this, these patients need more care, which Professor Tarn thinks is "reverse evolution". They walked like Neanderthals, and he thought they should have genes that caused them to mutate.

4. Congenital hirsutism.

It proves that human beings don't need body hair, but human hair can make our bodies feel warm. When some people have too much hair to control, it is called hirsutism. Patients with this disease usually have hair on their faces and bodies, and these patients are vulnerable to persecution because of their looks. Although we still don't know why we get this disease, scientists have found that it is hereditary.

5. Verrucous epidermal hypoplasia.

This disease is a rare skin disease caused by skin dysplasia. Usually, patients have a weak immune system and are prone to various diseases, especially human papillomavirus. When this patient is infected with human papillomavirus, it will lead to skin scaling. These patients are often called "tree people". At present, there is no complete cure, but doctors can provide some drugs to relieve swelling and pain.

6. Niesner syndrome.

Needham syndrome only occurs in children and adolescents, which can lead to the accumulation of fluid and connective tissue around joints and cause great pain. Moreover, strangely, children with this symptom usually bite their nails until their teeth fall out. There are even many reports that these children will violently hit the wall, so they are also called "self-mutilation children". Usually only 1 person in every 380,000 people will have this symptom.

7. Congenital finger deformities.

This disease is usually caused by gene mutation when the baby grows in the mother's womb, which leads to a strange physiological state after birth. This disease is also a genetic combination, so it is passed on through family members. Patients can repair the defect through surgery, but this process may be painful and leave many scars.

8. Proteus syndrome.

Prologis syndrome, also known as Widman syndrome, is a rare genetic disease, which can lead to overgrowth of human skin and bones. Affected by this symptom, this symptom will appear in any part of the body, and it will become more and more serious with growth. An Australian doctor has developed a drug called "rapamycin", which has been proved to completely cure this symptom, but at present, only 120 people in the world suffer from this disease, but they can't get treatment with this drug.

9. smelly fish disease.

This disease smells like rotten fish, which is caused by rare metabolic problems. There is no absolute treatment, even without bathing or wearing various perfumes. Scientists have found that some foods even make the smell worse, such as dairy products, so patients should try to avoid lactose (both milk and dairy products contain lactose). Marfan syndrome.

10. Marfan syndrome.

Nowadays, many people think that being tall and thin is a fashion, but for some people, it is a curse. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disease. People usually have longer arms and legs and thinner bodies. This disease will be passed down from generation to generation. There is no real cure. Although it can be controlled by stents, it will only get more and more painful with age.