The intrauterine device (IUD), abbreviated as IUD or IUD ring, is the most widely used and popular female contraceptive device in China.
There are many types and models of intrauterine devices. At present, there are more than 40 kinds of intrauterine devices used at home and abroad. These intrauterine devices can be divided into two categories according to their performance.
One kind is inert intrauterine device or inactive intrauterine device, which is the first generation product. Most of them are made of stainless steel wire or plastic, such as stainless steel single ring (also known as ring), double ring, torsion ring, palace ring, etc. Birth control flower made of plastic, coil fragrance ring, eugenic ring and mixed ring made of metal and plastic. This kind of IUD is the earliest and most widely used in China, and stainless steel single ring is still the main one at present. Their disadvantages are high shedding rate and intrauterine pregnancy rate.
The other is the active contraceptive ring, which is the second generation product developed in the 1970s. Mostly made of plastic or silicone rubber, and then wrapped with copper wire or put progesterone (estrogen), so it is also called copper-containing or progesterone-containing contraceptive ring. This IUD not only has the contraceptive performance of the first generation product, but also affects the intrauterine environment by slowly releasing copper ions or progesterone, thus improving the contraceptive effect. Therefore, their contraceptive effect is obviously higher than that of the first generation products, but the disadvantage is that there is more bleeding after placement.
At present, the steel contraceptive ring is mainly used abroad, and it is gradually popularized in China. Commonly used are T-type, V-type and IUD with copper.
Correct understanding of intrauterine device
Contraceptive rings are very popular among women because they can achieve the purpose of contraception without affecting sexual life. Simple, safe and effective, with slight adverse reactions. At present, placing this ring has become an important measure for postpartum contraception.
1. What is not appropriate?
Acute pelvic inflammatory disease, acute vaginitis, severe cervical erosion, menorrhagia or irregular bleeding, hysteromyoma, cervical stenosis; Women with serious systemic diseases should not wear rings, otherwise it will lead to aggravation of inflammation and increase of menstrual flow.
2. What should I pay attention to before and after releasing the ring?
Although the ring-releasing operation is simple and safe, it is a surgical operation after all. In order to avoid infection, sexual intercourse is forbidden for three days before operation and two weeks after operation, pay attention to vaginal hygiene, and don't take a bath after IUD release to avoid intrauterine infection. Pay attention to rest 1 ~ 2 days after operation, and don't do heavy physical labor or heavy exercise for a week, because the harem is loose and the ring is easy to fall off.
3. Pay attention to check whether the IUD falls off.
Women with loose uterus and heavy menstrual flow may lose the IUD during menstruation, so when going to the toilet during menstruation, pay attention to whether the IUD falls off with blood. Generally, in the first month after releasing the ring, go to the hospital for examination after menstruation is clean, and then review it after 3 months. You can review it once every 1 ~ 2 years in the future. Within 3 months after releasing the ring, especially during menstruation, we should pay more attention to whether the ring falls off. If you fall off, you should take other contraceptive measures in time and go to the hospital to put the ring after your next menstruation.
4. Will wearing a ring induce cancer?
China's wide clinical application began in the 1960s. Some people do not have a correct understanding of IUD, and they are always afraid that wearing IUD for a long time will induce uterine tumors, which is unnecessary. Someone took out the endometrium of women with rings of different ages for pathological examination. The results show that most of them are normal, with slight local inflammatory lesions, without any adverse effects on human body, and no canceration is found.
5. How many years can intrauterine devices be used?
The research shows that the stainless steel metal ring can be used for 15 ~ 20 years; Silicone, plastic or other types of intrauterine devices can be placed for 5 to 7 years. After releasing the ring, those with obvious discomfort need to take it out or replace it, or take it out when planning pregnancy. Take out the ring 3 ~ 7 days after menstruation is clean, and the precautions after taking out the ring are the same as those after releasing the ring. Postmenopausal women stop ovulation, so they won't get pregnant again, so they don't need contraception anymore. They can have their rings removed, usually 6 months to 3 years after menopause. If you take out the IUD too early, you can get pregnant again because of the unstable menopause. If it is too late, the uterus will contract, which will make it difficult to take out the IUD.
6. Can I still have children after taking the ring?
After the IUD was removed, its interference with sperm-egg combination disappeared and the endometrium returned to normal. Studies have confirmed that 75% of women can get pregnant within 6 months after taking the ring; 90% of women can get pregnant within 1 year after removal of the ring. Moreover, pregnancy after removal of the ring has no effect on fetal development. However, in order to repair the endometrium well, other contraceptive methods should be used before pregnancy 1 ~ 3 months after removal of the ring.
7. What should I do if I have a ring?
It was previously thought that the ring had no effect on the fetus and would not cause fetal malformation. At this time, there is no need to terminate pregnancy or remove the ring, and the ring can be discharged with the placenta after the fetus is delivered. In recent years, it has been found that some intrauterine devices will get stuck in children's muscles, so it is generally not appropriate to leave a ring for pregnant fetuses.
References:
China Medicine News Sohu Health
Placement of IUD has no effect on sexual life. The relevant knowledge is as follows:
Statistics 12 IUD problem
1, what is an intrauterine device?
IUD is generally made of antiseptic plastic or metal, and some drugs (such as releasing estrogen or indomethacin) are added. Contraceptive rings have various shapes, such as round, uterine cavity, T-shaped and so on. Doctors can choose the appropriate contraceptive ring according to each person's uterus.
2. Why can I use contraception after placing an intrauterine device?
After the intrauterine device is put into the uterine cavity, it changes the intrauterine environment, which is not conducive to the implantation of fertilized eggs, affects the motility of sperm and the moving speed of eggs in the fallopian tube, and achieves the purpose of contraception. The effective rate of using IUD for contraception is about 94-99%.
3. What are the advantages of using IUD?
It is a long-acting contraceptive method, and its validity period ranges from one year to several years. Doctors can get pregnant again after taking out the IUD. After wearing the ring, you don't need to make any preparations before sexual intercourse. Women with IUD will not feel the existence of IUD, so it is suitable for women who need regular contraception.
4. Who should not use IUD?
Genital malformation or tumor, dysmenorrhea or menorrhagia, pelvic inflammatory disease, gonorrhea, women with multiple sexual partners, severe anemia, heart disease and people with a history of ectopic pregnancy should not place intrauterine devices. It is generally up to the doctor to decide whether it is appropriate or not.
5. When can I bring an IUD?
Basically, as long as it is determined that there is no possibility of pregnancy, doctors can place contraceptive rings. It is usually best to wear a ring within two or three days after menstruation is clean. Have a postpartum check-up six to eight weeks after delivery. If the doctor thinks it's appropriate, he can wear a ring.
6. Is it complicated and painful to place and remove the IUD?
Placement and removal of IUD is very simple. First, the doctor disinfected the IUD, and then the IUD was sent to the uterus with the IUD. Exit the IUD, cut the nylon wire tied to the IUD, and then place the IUD. When taking the ring, just gently pull the nylon thread at the tail of the pull ring or use the "ring extractor" to take the ring out. There is usually only slight pain in the lower abdomen when placing and removing intrauterine devices.
7. Can I use contraception immediately after wearing an intrauterine device?
After placing the IUD, the contraceptive effect can generally be achieved in the same month. However, a small number of women are easy to fall off after wearing the ring, leading to pregnancy. Therefore, the doctor will instruct them to pay attention to whether they fall off one to three months after putting on the ring, and make regular check-ups on time to ensure safe contraception.
8. Do you want to check regularly after wearing the IUD?
Routine examination should be carried out after the first menstrual cramp after wearing. If there are no special problems, you can check it once a year.
9. What should I pay attention to after placing an intrauterine device?
The first menstrual period of women after wearing a ring can be extended by two to three days, and the menstrual flow may be slightly more. Some women will feel abdominal discomfort or menstrual abdominal pain. This is the initial maladjustment reaction. However, individual women will have a significant increase in menstrual flow, a small amount of menstrual bleeding, and obvious abdominal pain. If these conditions persist, you should go back to the hospital for examination.
10. What should I do if I get pregnant unexpectedly during the IUD placement?
There is still a 3% chance of unintended pregnancy when using IUD for contraception, so if menstruation is delayed or pregnancy is suspected, please consult a doctor.
1 1. When should I take out the IUD?
Different contraceptive rings have different service life, ranging from three to eight years. It usually takes about five years. When you go to Sheung Wan, you should keep the medical records of Sheung Wan. Take or change the ring on time according to the doctor's advice. It is the easiest to get pregnant by taking and changing the ring, and other contraceptive methods should be used at the same time.
12. Should the IUD be removed after menopause?
The intrauterine device (IUD) should be removed within one year after menopause, so as to avoid the intrauterine device (IUD) being embedded in the uterus after menopause and the foreign body stimulation caused by IUD on the atrophic uterus.