Dictyophora is one of the famous edible fungi. Crisp, tender and delicious, fragrant and nutritious. The medicine is used for lowering blood pressure, reducing blood lipid, reducing weight, preventing and treating diabetes, and has anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects. The market prospect is very good and very broad. Next, we will introduce the new open cultivation technology of Dictyophora indusiata without shed raw materials.
Zhusun, also known as Zhusheng, is a rare delicacy in China. In the early 1990s, after successfully cultivating Dictyophora dictyophora in Gutian County, Fujian Province, it was inoculated in spring, and the summer harvest in that year shortened the production cycle by 2/3 and increased the yield by 10 times. In recent years, there has been a new breakthrough in cultivation technology. Adopting "open cultivation method without shed and raw materials" can not only stabilize and increase yield, save labor and materials and reduce costs, but also broaden the cultivation field and solve the contradiction of "mushroom and grain competing for land".
First, raw material treatment
The raw materials for cultivating dictyophora indusiata are very extensive, and all kinds of weeds such as bamboo, wood, branches, sundries, crop straw seeds, chaff, mountain reeds and so on can be utilized. Raw materials for uncooked cultivation do not need cooking and sterilization. Just chop the bamboo and wood raw materials, dry them in the sun, soak them in a pool, add 0.3%-0.5% lime, soak them for 24-48 hours, and then scoop up and drain the water to 60%-70%, which can be used for production. Use bagasse, cottonseed hull, corncob, weeds, soybean stalks, chaff, peanut stalks, oilseed stalks and other straws for cultivation, and pour lime water in the above ratio into the feed, and it can be used 24 hours after 10.
Second, the selection of strains
Dictyophora strains include Dictyophora gigantea and Dictyophora gigantea. Dictyophora spinosa suitable for raw material cultivation has strong stress resistance, and extracellular enzymes secreted by mycelium can decompose and absorb nutrients in raw materials. Mushrooms can be produced 2 months after inoculation, and the dried Dictyophora dictyophora can be produced 250-350 grams per square meter, with a high yield of 500 grams, which is three times higher than that of Dictyophora rubra. D- Guyou 1 is the best strain.
Third, open cultivation techniques without shed
Dictyophora long skirt belongs to high temperature type, and its fruiting body production and development period is from June to September every summer. At this time, all kinds of agricultural materials such as soybeans, corn, sorghum, melons and other stems and leaves are in full swing; In summer, fruit trees in orchards and forest farms are shaded by trees, with good shading conditions; Moreover, the above crops and fruit trees exhale a lot of oxygen every day, which is very beneficial to the growth and development of dictyophora indusiata fruiting body. These natural environments create good ecological conditions for the cultivation of dictyophora indusiata without shed, and organically combine to form a biological chain. Several open cultivation management techniques are introduced below.
L, interplanting crops next to bamboo shoots.
(1) farming season. Generally divided into spring and autumn. The temperatures in the north and south of China are different, which can be specifically grasped as follows: first, the temperature during sowing period is not more than 28℃, which is suitable for mycelium growth and development; 2. The growth period of bacterial buds is 2-3 months after sowing, and the temperature is not lower than 10℃, so that the bacterial buds can develop into fruiting bodies healthily. The interplanting crops of Dictyophora indusiata in southern provinces are usually sown in spring, and the interplanting begins in \ "Beijing-Zhejiang \" and \ "Qingming \". The north is appropriately postponed.
(2) Site layout. The mushroom bed should be drained first. Bed width 1m, length depends on the site. Generally 10- 15m is better. A pedestrian passage is set between beds, with a width of 20-30 cm, and the bed surface is turtle-backed, which is 25-35 cm away from the furrow to prevent water accumulation.
(3) Sowing method. Dictyophora dictyophora is a kind of material layer by layer, and the strains can be either on demand or broadcast. 10 kg culture medium, 5 bottles of strains per meter, so as to pile up and sow at the same time.
(4) Cover with soil. After stacking and sowing, cover the seedbed with a layer of humus with a thickness of 3 cm, and the water content of humus should be 18%. After covering the soil, cut it into small pieces with bamboo leaves or reeds, cover it on the surface, and cover the bed with film to prevent rainwater from leaking out.
(5) intercropping crops. Intercropping soybean, spleen bean, sorghum, corn, pepper and cucumber with other tall stalk or vine crops beside the bamboo bed. When Dictyophora dictyophora is sown and covered with soil 15-20 days, you can dig holes in the border to sow crop seeds and interplant one plant every 50-60 cm.
(6) On-site management. Culture at room temperature for 25-33 days after sowing, the mycelium can climb to the surface of the material, uncover the covering film, and cut on the bed to shade the light, which is beneficial to the formation of small mushroom buds. After culture, hyphae proliferate continuously, absorb a lot of nutrients, form a stalk, climb on the material surface, from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, quickly become mushroom buds, and break the stalk to form fruiting bodies. The optimum water content of culture medium is 60%, the water content of covering soil is not less than 20%, and the relative humidity of air is 85%. During the growing period in Gu Lei, spray water once in the morning and once in the evening to keep the relative humidity not lower than 90%. Mushroom buds gradually expand, the top bulges, and then break in a short time, and the skirt unfolds as soon as possible. The cultivation of dictyophora indusiata is very particular about spraying water, and the specific requirement is "four looks", that is, looking at the cover. When the bamboo leaves or straw are dry, it is necessary to spray water; Second, look at the soil cover. When the soil is covered with white, it should be sprayed more and more frequently; Third, look at the germ buds. Small germ, light spray and fog spray; Spraying germ, and then spraying; Fourth, look at the weather. When it is dry in sunny days, the evaporation is large, and it is not sprayed in rainy days. Only in this way can we ensure good buds, good mushrooms and good flowers.
2. Forest and fruit intercropped with dictyophora indusiata.
Using the space of apple, citrus, grape, oil, peach, pear and other orchards, as well as the space of trees in mountainous woodland, we can interplant Dictyophora dictyophora and improve the land utilization rate. Specific technology:
(1) Garden leveling; Choose flat or gentle slope fruit forest, sandy loam with humus and orchard near water source. Before 7- 10 sowing, clean up the sundries and weeds on the site, and it is best to turn over the soil and bask in the sun. Fruit trees can be sprayed with Bordeaux mixture to control pests and diseases. Generally, the spacing between fruit trees is 3m× 3m, and the middle space is used as a bamboo bed. Ditching can be carried out along the fruit trees, the sidewalk spacing is 30 cm, the frame width is 60-80 cm, the soil preparation clods should not be too broken to facilitate ventilation, and a working path of 40-50 cm is left beside the fruit trees.
(2) stacking and sowing; Wetting the culture material in advance before sowing, and the water content is about 60%. Open the soil layer on the border for 3 cm on sunny days and push it to both sides of the border to cover it; Then, pile the culture on the bed, on the dictyophora. Sow materials, then spread a layer of materials, and finally cover them with soil. If the branches and leaves are not dense, cover the soil with straw and thatch to avoid direct sunlight. Cover with film after sowing to prevent rain. Sprinkle lime or other pesticides around the ditches and sites to kill insects.
(3) Fungal growth management: 15- 20 days after sowing, water spraying is generally not needed. It is best to expose the film and ventilate for about 30 minutes every day, and increase the ventilation times in the later period to keep the water content of the culture material 60%-70%. There is a lot of rain in spring, so it is necessary to dig a drainage ditch, which is 30 cm deeper than the border. The growth temperature of mycelium adapts to 23-26℃.
(4) fruiting management; It takes 10- 15 days for hyphae to grow full of culture materials 25-40 days after sowing, and then the mushroom buds can grow at room temperature of 20℃ 10-20 days, and the humidity is maintained at 80%-90%. After 20-28 days of culture, the fungus buds are mature and can be harvested when the buds are broken, the stems are pulled out and the skirts are spread.
3. Bionic cultivation techniques of Dictyophora indusiata without materials.
Select Phyllostachys pubescens that have been felled for more than 2 years, and dig an acupoint in the uphill direction next to the bamboo head, the size is 5-6 cm, the depth is 20-25 cm, and the thickness of yuba leaves is 5 cm. After sowing a layer of dictyophora indusiata, fill a layer of yuba leaves with a thickness of 10 cm, then sow a layer of strains, and fill 2-3 layers accordingly. Finally, cover it with yuba leaves and excavated soil, with a thickness of 2-3 cm, and stamp it gently. If the soil is dry, it should be watered and moistened, and covered with weeds, branches and leaves for shading, windproof, moisturizing and heat preservation. When sowing strains, pay attention to less sowing in the lower layer and multicast in the upper layer, so that the mycelium can better go to the dead bamboo whip after recovery. You can also dig a small ditch in the bamboo forest from high to low, every 25-30 cm, 7- 10 cm deep, put a little yuba or bamboo whip at the bottom of the ditch, sprinkle with strains, and then cover with soil. There are 180-200 old bamboo heads per 667㎡, and it costs money to dig flowers, which is difficult to rot. Dictyophora dictyophora can be cultivated and decomposed in situ, which has the best of both worlds.
1. Preparation of cultivation materials
1. Types of cultivation materials: The main raw materials for cultivating Dictyophora dictyophora are rotten dried bamboo, discarded bamboo blocks, rotten or semi-rotten bamboo leaves under bamboo pens, and Laiyuan soil; Sawdust, bagasse and wheat bran; Where conditions permit, agricultural and sideline straws such as corn straw, wheat straw and Bolai straw can also be mixed with bamboo. Banyan and green trees can be used for the cultivation of profile trees.
2. Treatment of cultivation materials: before cultivation, the raw materials are spread and dried for 3-4 days, and chopped into bamboo pieces with a length of LL-22 cm (bamboo pieces below LM can be cut for outdoor forest cultivation) and a width of 1-2cm. Then soak it in 1-3% lime water for 5-6 days, pick it up, rinse it with clear water, and dry it slightly for later use. After turning over the bamboo leaves and soil for 3-4 days, disinfect with L- 1.5% formalin and 0.3-0.5% dichlorvos. Use 27-30 liters of mixed disinfectant per cubic meter of bamboo leaves or soil, spray and stir. The medicinal materials are fully and evenly mixed, covered with a film, covered with soil for 4-5 days, the film is removed after bamboo leaves 1-3 days, spread out, and the medicine is allowed to volatilize for 1-2 days. Covered soil planted in the forest can be sterilized.
2. Disinfection of mushroom houses and cultivation containers
Mushroom room can be used for ordinary mushroom cultivation. The bedstead can be made of iron, plastic or bamboo. Plastic boxes, wooden boxes and flowerpots can also be used for box planting and potted plants.
Before cultivation, thoroughly clean the mushroom house and spray 0.5% trichlorfon solution and 0. 1% carbendazim or 0.5% bleaching powder solution. Wipe the interior of the bedstead with 5% lime water or 5% bleaching powder. Fumigate with formalin, close the doors and windows overnight, and then open the mushroom house for a week before using it. After cleaning the culture box and bowl with clean water, wipe the inner and outer surfaces with 0.5 potassium permanganate solution for later use.
Third, the cultivation method
1. Block culture: it is a method of digging cultivated Dictyophora out of bottles or bags, pressing it into blocks and covering the soil for cultivation. It is characterized by early and concentrated fruiting, so the cultivation period is short, but the amount of seeds used is large.
(1) Bottle digging and briquetting: In Chengdu, the time for bottle digging and briquetting can be April-May in the first half of the year. Dig out the new long Dictyophora cultivation species from the bottle (bag) and use a wooden frame (the specification is 40×40× 12cm, which is the same as the wooden frame used for mushroom pressing. Scrub with 5% lime water or 5‰ potassium permanganate solution before use. ) make into cultivation blocks with a little thinner around than the middle, and each block uses about 12 bottles of seeds. Be careful not to press it too tightly to avoid too much damage to the mycelium.
(2) Healing of hyphae: after briquetting, remove the wooden frame, cover with L pieces of sterilized dry newspaper, put the bacterial block on the sterilized film, wrap it, put it on the bedstead with a distance of 4-5cm, keep it moist for about 15-20 days, and then the hyphae will heal.
(3) Covering the soil: after the mycelium is healed, cover the fungus block with bamboo leaves with a thickness of 1-2 cm, and continue to cultivate for 5- 10 days. When the mycelium covers more than 80% of the leaf layer, cover the soil with a thickness of 2-4cm in time.
(4) Management: By adjusting the water content of substrate, soil coverage, temperature of mushroom house, air temperature, ventilation and lighting conditions, the best conditions for the growth and development of Dictyophora dictyophora can be achieved, so as to achieve high and stable yield. Generally speaking, under the conditions of 80% air relative temperature, 16-20℃ and 3- 105Lux after soil covering, it takes about 1-2 months (about 24 days at the earliest) for post-tensioning to appear.
(1) water management: the water content of the soil in the covering layer is controlled at 20-30%. If the soil moisture content is too high, hyphae will crawl on the soil surface in vain, and the surface will differentiate into primordia in the soil layer, and the number of bacterial buds will be small, which will not achieve the goal of high yield. The relative humidity of the air in the mushroom room is kept at about 80%. The relative temperature of air is increased to 85-90% in the bud growth period, otherwise the air volume is too low and soil moisture is easy to lose; If the temperature is too high, it will easily lead to the proliferation of miscellaneous bacteria, especially slime molds. When watering, the nozzle should be upward to avoid damaging the upper buds.
② Temperature control: In case of high temperature, lower the temperature by opening doors and windows to avoid scalding mushroom buds; When the temperature is low, doors and windows should be closed tightly, and heating devices can be installed if conditions permit to increase the temperature of mushroom room and prevent mushroom buds from freezing to death.
③ Ventilation: Open the doors and windows 2-3 times a day, and ventilate for 65,438+00-20 minutes each time, so that fresh air can enter the mushroom house for the growth and development of Sun Su.
④ Prevention and control of miscellaneous bacteria, pests and rodents: This work should focus on prevention. If Ste-monitis her-batica and Coprinidae have been found on the mushroom bed, they should be removed in time, and a layer of dry lime powder should be sprinkled around them to control their spread. If mushroom flies, wax, magic brains and nematodes are found, dichlorvos should be sprayed to kill them, but care should be taken not to harm mushroom buds. Screen windows and screen doors should be installed in the mushroom room to prevent rats from entering the mushroom room and harming dictyophora.
2. Direct seeding bed cultivation: refers to the cultivation method of spreading the treated bamboo on the mushroom bed and sowing and covering the soil. It has the characteristics of large mushroom production area, full use of mushroom racks for large-scale cultivation, higher effective utilization rate of mushroom houses than potted plants, but longer cultivation period than briquetting cultivation.
(1) Cutting and sowing: First, spread a large sterilized plastic film on the bedstead, and punch a few small holes at the bottom of the film to make it easy for excess water to flow out. Then spread material and sow on it, spread a layer of material and sow a layer of seeds, and sow three layers of strains. The strain block should be sandwiched between bamboo blocks as much as possible, the seed material should be tightly attached, and the top layer should be covered with a thin layer of bamboo leaves. 20 kilograms of materials per square meter, with 3-4 bottles. Water after sowing, cover with plastic film, and cultivate with moisture.
(2) Covering: When the fungus block revives and grows and hyphae basically cover the material surface, cover the soil in time with a thickness of 2-4cm.
(3) Management: The management method is the same as that of briquetting cultivation.
3. Direct seeding box (pot) planting: the method of planting with plastic containers, wooden boxes, flowerpots and other containers.
When planting the box, first lay a plastic film on the bottom of the box and reserve water holes, then lay pebbles with a thickness of 2-3 cm on the bottom layer, lay garden soil with a thickness of 2 cm on the pebbles, and lay strains on the soil layer. The method of packaging and sowing is the same as that of direct seedbed planting. If the specification is 15×3 1× 14 cubic centimeter, you can use 4 kilograms of dry weight for paving, and 2 bottles/box are enough. You don't need a film for potted plants.
Measures such as water control and temperature regulation in cultivation management are the same as those in briquetting cultivation.
4. Forest alternative cultivation: under the forest or bamboo forest, Dictyophora dictyophora is cultivated by using discarded bamboo, sawdust and agricultural and sideline products (such as licorice residue and crop straw) after bamboo processing. This method has the advantages of wide application range, less investment, less labor, convenient management, low cost and good benefit. It is an effective method to cultivate dictyophora indusiata in bamboo forests and forest areas in vast rural areas.
(1) Site selection: bamboo forest, bamboo-wood mixed forest, broad-leaved forest, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest, orchard, etc. The leeward is sunny, the drainage is good, the soil is moist, and there is no termite activity, so it can be used as a place to cultivate dictyophora indusiata. After site selection, remove weeds on the ground, keep the environment clean, and sprinkle dry lime powder for disinfection. In order to prevent external human and animal interference, it is best to artificially build fences around the cultivation area after sowing.
(2) Sowing time: Generally speaking, you can sow all the year round, but spring and autumn are the best.
(3) Forest cultivation method: seedbed cultivation is generally adopted. The bed width is 80- 100cm, and the length is not limited. According to our practice, it is best to have a box every 0.5 square meter, and the spacing between compartments is 30-50cm, which can increase the marginal effect and increase the range of bamboo incense for mycelium diffusion. Use 2-6 bottles /m2 of cultivated seeds. Sowing adopts layer sowing method: first spread the treated bamboo leaves, sawdust or branches and leaves, then spread a layer of material, then spread the main layer of bacteria (if it is a special bamboo, the bacteria should be sandwiched in the bamboo core), then spread another layer of material, and then measure a layer of bacteria, so as to sow 3-4 layers, generally with a thickness of 15-20cm, and cover the bamboo leaves and sawdust after sowing. According to the topography, two kinds of bends can be used: surface culture and pit culture.
(1) Surface cultivation: This method is used in low-lying and wet sites. That is to say, draw the compartment line at the disinfection site, insert bamboo blocks to mark the boundary, then lay materials on the boundary of the compartment, sow, and seal the compartment with soil after sowing.
(2) Pit planting: When the ground is not shaded enough or the terrain is high and the soil is dry, this bend should be adopted. First, dig a pit in the designated car with a depth of 10- 15cm. After digging, remove and disinfect the lime powder in and around the pit, and then sow by layer sowing method.
(4) Cultivation method of bamboo forest: the number of nests per acre in Zhong Zhulin is 180-200. In the open space, it is best to dig a pit with a depth of 15-20cm, a length× a width of 50×35cm, and the feed intake of each pit is 1- 1. If the soil is dry on a sunny day, water it (farming after rain is not necessary).
Generally speaking, it is better to revive hyphae after rain. When cultivated in bamboo forest, if the strain is sandwiched in soaked bamboo, the mycelium growth effect is good. In addition, it is better to sprinkle some sawdust on bamboo leaves. Seedbed planting can also be used in bamboo forests.
Because the underground roots of both bamboo forests and forests, especially old forests, are intertwined. Due to various reasons such as logging or natural death, many rotten roots are buried underground, and these rotten roots are exactly the nutrients needed for bamboo growth. When sowing in the forest, hyphae not only grow in the feeding place, but also spread to other places with nutrients. Therefore, it is the most economical and legal cultivation method to cultivate dictyophora indusiata in the open space of wild forest.
(5) Management: As long as the land is properly selected, there is generally no need to build a shed for shade. There is no need to water when the soil is wet. In the spring and autumn drought, it is necessary to properly water the mushroom beds, bamboo heads and pits to replenish water. After overwintering, the temperature rises, and the mycelium begins to spread to four states, forming a fungus rope. From March to April, the top of the fungus rope forms small fungus buds. After the bud is formed, it needs to be watered frequently. If there is serious water shortage at this stage, bacterial buds will die because they fail to differentiate. Even if bacterial buds form, you can't open your skirt. If you water too much, the mycelium will grow in vain, and the buds will all break when they mature, which will give the bacteria an opportunity to invade and lead to the death of the buds. Generally, in June-August when there is more rain, when bamboo and Suzhou take off their skirts, we should pay attention to timely harvesting.
Fourth, harvest
The commercial part of dictyophora indusiata generally refers to mushroom skirt and mushroom handle. The integrity of skirt handle and whiteness of color directly affect the product quality of dictyophora indusiata. This requires us to pay special attention in the process of harvesting and processing.
1. Harvest period: The growth and development of Dictyophora dictyophora should be in adaptive harvest period. The fruiting body of Dictyophora dictyophora has good morphological integrity and is white, because the stalk of Dictyophora dictyophora fruiting body extends to the maximum height, the skirt of the fruiting body completely extends to the maximum thickness, and the fruiting body (dark brown tissue covered with fruit juice) is not self-contained. Otherwise, when the mushroom skirt and mushroom handle are harvested prematurely, the dried mushroom is small in size and low in commodity value; When the harvest is too late, the mushroom skirt and stalk shrink and fall; Moreover, sporogenous bacteria autolyse and flow down the skirt handle, polluting the skirt handle and seriously affecting the color of the product.
2. Picking method: When picking, one hand holds the Volvariella volvacea, and the other hand cuts off the auricularia auricula under the Volvariella volvacea with a knife, gently takes it out and puts it into a porcelain plate and basket. Never pull by hand. Because pulling by hand will make the skirt and stem brittle and easy to break, so be careful when picking. After harvesting, peel off the mushroom cover and straw mushroom in time and keep the mushroom skirt handle. Remove the soil on the surface of Volvariella volvacea. The mushroom cover can be soaked in clear water to remove the hug on the surface, and then dried. If there is a small amount of pollution on the skirt handle, mix or clean the wet gauze with clear water in time.
Dictyophora dictyophora collected in the wild is as expensive as gold and has the reputation of "flower of fungi" and "queen of fungi". It is listed as "eight-treasure grass". Now it has been artificially cultivated. Dictyophora was domesticated by China for the first time in 1980s. The raw materials used in artificial cultivation are bamboo, wood, bagasse and sawdust. There are box cultivation, seedbed cultivation and bamboo forest cultivation. Tissue separation was carried out with bacterial buds as materials, and potato culture medium with pH value of 4.5-5 was placed at 15-20℃ for 15-20 days to obtain pure mother seed. Pure hyphae are white and turn pale pink or purplish red when exposed to light. Then, the culture material made from the culture raw materials is inoculated into the mother seed and cultured at the same temperature for 30-45 days to obtain the original seed. The original species can be directly used or further expanded into cultivated species. When the temperature rises above 15℃ in early spring, cover the soil for 3-5cm after inoculation to keep moisture and produce bacteria. Pay attention to keep the soil moist and the air in the cultivation area moist. The suitable temperature for fruiting body growth is 23-26℃. If the cultivation conditions are suitable, the fungus rope grows 1 month in the covering soil, and fungus buds appear in 2 months, and it can be harvested in about 3 months. After harvesting, the spores are washed, volvox and soil are removed, and the product is dried. White color, big body and no insects are the top grades.
The other is to dig wild Dictyophora dictyophora hyphae outdoors (bamboo whips with hyphae should be dug together with the soil, which should be shaded and moisturized), remove miscellaneous bacteria, and bring them indoors to be planted in a cultivation bed composed of humus-rich bamboo garden soil, dead bamboo whips and bamboo leaves. Water, and keep the temperature at 20~24℃ and the relative humidity at 65%~70% under shading conditions. Generally, hyphae can grow well after being cultured for 1 month. Then, the developed hyphae are dug out together with bamboo whips and soil, and then planted in wild bamboo gardens or indoor incubators. The ratio of sowing amount to culture material is 1: 10. About 600 grams of cultivated seeds are needed per square meter. The suitable sowing depth for outdoor cultivation is to dig to see the fine roots of bamboo whip and rotten bamboo whip. The thickness of covering soil is related to germination speed and fruiting body growth. If planted in shallow soil, rotten bamboo whips, bamboo joints, bamboo leaves and bamboo piles are easy to survive and grow rapidly. If planted in deep soil, the growth will be slower, and the yield of dictyophora indusiata will be significantly reduced. When Dictyophora dictyophora is cultivated indoors, the soil should be covered and watered after sowing, and the temperature should be kept above 5℃ and the relative humidity should be 70%~90% in winter. Whether cultivated indoors or outdoors, special attention should be paid to moisturizing within 1 week after sowing.
In autumn, it grows in a humid bamboo forest, with bright colors and mushroom-like skirts, which are divided into long-skirt dictyophora and short-skirt dictyophora. The fungus is white, crisp and delicious, and it has antiseptic effect when cooked with other foods. Every 100g dry product contains crude protein 19.4g, fat 2.6g, carbohydrate 60.4g, and various amino acids and vitamins necessary for human body. Mainly distributed in Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Hubei, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangxi, Hainan and other places in China, among which Sanming, Nanping, Zhaotong, Yunnan and Zhijin, Guizhou are the most famous.
Dictyophora dictyophora collected in the wild is as expensive as gold and has the reputation of "flower of fungi" and "queen of fungi". It is listed as "eight-treasure grass". Now it has been artificially cultivated. Dictyophora was domesticated by China for the first time in 1980s. The raw materials used in artificial cultivation are bamboo, wood, bagasse and sawdust. There are box cultivation, seedbed cultivation and bamboo forest cultivation. Tissue separation was carried out with bacterial buds as materials, and potato culture medium with pH value of 4.5-5 was placed at 15-20℃ for 15-20 days to obtain pure mother seed. Pure hyphae are white and turn pale pink or purplish red when exposed to light. Then, the culture material made from the culture raw materials is inoculated into the mother seed and cultured at the same temperature for 30-45 days to obtain the original seed. The original species can be directly used or further expanded into cultivated species. When the temperature rises above 15℃ in early spring, cover the soil for 3-5cm after inoculation to keep moisture and produce bacteria. Pay attention to keep the soil moist and the air in the cultivation area moist. The suitable temperature for fruiting body growth is 23-26℃. If the cultivation conditions are suitable, the fungus rope grows 1 month in the covering soil, and fungus buds appear in 2 months, and it can be harvested in about 3 months. After harvesting, the spores are washed, volvox and soil are removed, and the product is dried. White color, big body and no insects are the top grades.