1. knowledge education on epidemic prevention and control among primary and middle school students in COVID-19.
1. Campus Six Persistence: Keep wearing a mask, keep a distance of one meter, keep exercising between classes, go to the toilet at the wrong peak, and keep washing your hands in seven steps. 2. Go in and out of the school and classroom according to the designated route: go up and down the stairs as far as possible without touching the handrails, and go up and down the stairs in an orderly manner on the right.
3. recess reminder: wear a mask during recess, stop chasing and fighting during recess, keep a safe social distance between students, and don't cuddle or cross classes.
4. Hygienic precautions: keep the classroom ventilated and clean; Cover your nose and mouth with paper towels when coughing or sneezing, and pay attention to personal hygiene; Wash your hands in time after going to the toilet at the wrong peak and pay attention to hand hygiene.
5. always pay attention to your physical condition. If you have fever, cough, fatigue and other symptoms or other physical discomfort, report to the class teacher and the class teacher in time.
2. Knowledge education on epidemic prevention and control among primary and middle school students in COVID-19.
What is novel coronavirus? The epidemic coronavirus is a newly discovered coronavirus, which was named SARS-Cov-2 by the International Committee for Virus Classification. Because people lack immunity to new virus strains, people are generally susceptible.
2. What caused COVID-19?
Caused by SARS-Cov-2 coronavirus, WHO named the diseases caused by SARS-Cov-2 infection as coronavirus pneumonia-19, and most of them can cause pneumonia, which is called novel coronavirus/COVID-19.
3. What are the pathogenic characteristics of novel coronavirus?
Coronavirus is an unsegmented single-stranded positive-stranded RNA virus, which is named because the virus envelope protrudes like a corolla.
This virus is sensitive to ultraviolet light and high temperature. Fat solvents such as 56℃ for 30 minutes, 75% ethanol, chlorine-containing disinfectant, peracetic acid and chloroform can effectively inactivate the virus, but chlorhexidine can't effectively inactivate the virus.
4. What is the source of infection in novel coronavirus?
At present, the main source of infection is novel coronavirus infected people. Asymptomatic infected people may also become the source of infection.
5. What is the mode of communication in novel coronavirus?
Transmission through respiratory droplets and close contact is the main route of transmission. In the case of long-term contact with high concentration aerosol in a relatively closed environment, it may spread through aerosol. Since novel coronavirus can be separated from feces and urine, attention should be paid to aerosol or contact transmission caused by environmental pollution of feces and urine.
6. Who are the susceptible groups in novel coronavirus?
People are generally susceptible.
7. What is droplet propagation?
Droplets: It is generally believed that water-containing particles with a diameter of > > 5um can enter the surface of susceptible mucosa through a certain distance (generally 1m).
Generation of water droplets:
(1) Cough, sneeze or talk;
(2) perform invasive respiratory tract operations, such as sputum aspiration or tracheal intubation, turning over, patting the back and other processes to stimulate cough and cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
8. What is contact transmission?
Direct contact: pathogens are transmitted through direct contact with mucous membranes or skin.
(1) Blood or bloody body fluids enter the human body through mucosa or damaged skin;
(2) Direct contact with secretions containing pathogens will lead to transmission.
9. What is aerosol transmission?
Aerosol propagation refers to that fog drops lose moisture in the process of air suspension, leaving a nucleus composed of protein and pathogens, forming a fog drop nucleus, which can float to far places in the form of aerosol, resulting in long-distance propagation.
10. What is close contact?
Cases (observed and confirmed cases) have one of the following contacts after the onset:
(1) Case * * * People who live, study, work or have close contact with others;
(two) medical personnel, family members or other personnel who have similar close contact with the case did not take effective protective measures in the process of diagnosis, treatment, nursing and visiting the case;
(3) Other patients and caregivers in the same ward;
(4) the same case and car, with close contacts;
(5) The personnel considered qualified by the on-site investigators after investigation.
1 1. What are the clinical manifestations of COVID-19's patients?
According to the current epidemiological investigation, the incubation period is 1 ~ 14 days, mostly 3 ~ 7 days. The main manifestations are fever, dry cough and fatigue. A few patients have symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose, sore throat, myalgia and diarrhea. Some children and newborns may have atypical symptoms, such as vomiting, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms or just mental weakness and shortness of breath. Mild patients only show low fever and mild fatigue. , and no pneumonia. Judging from the current cases, most patients have a good prognosis, and a few patients are in critical condition. The elderly and the chronically ill
The prognosis of patients with basic diseases is poor. The symptoms of children's cases are relatively mild.
12. How to identify and observe COVID-19 cases in clinic?
Suspected cases:
Combine the following epidemiological history and clinical manifestations:
1. Epidemiological history: have a travel history or residence history in Wuhan and its surrounding areas or other communities with reported cases within 14 days before onset; Have a history of contact with novel coronavirus infected people (those with positive nucleic acid test) within 0/4 days before onset; Contact with patients with fever or respiratory symptoms from Wuhan and its surrounding areas or from communities with reported cases within 0/4 days before onset/KLOC-; Cluster onset (more than 2 cases of fever or respiratory symptoms in small areas such as home, office and school class within 2 weeks).
2. Clinical manifestations: fever or respiratory symptoms; It has the characteristics of novel coronavirus imaging; At the beginning of the disease, the total number of white blood cells is normal or decreased, and the lymphocyte count is normal or decreased.
Have any epidemiological history and meet any two clinical manifestations. There was no clear epidemiological history, which was consistent with the clinical manifestations of 3 cases.
Confirmed cases:
Suspected cases with etiological or serological evidence: novel coronavirus nucleic acid was detected by real-time fluorescence RT-PCR; Sequencing of virus genes highly homologous to known novel coronavirus; Serum novel coronavirus-specific IgM antibody and IgG antibody were positive (serum novel coronavirus-specific IgG antibody changed from negative to positive or the recovery period was more than 4 times higher than that in acute phase).
13. What are the clinical types of COVID-19?
It is divided into light, ordinary, heavy and critical types.
14. How to differentiate diagnosis in COVID-19?
The mild manifestations of novel coronavirus infection should be differentiated from upper respiratory tract infections caused by other viruses. COVID-19 is mainly distinguished from known viral pneumonia and mycoplasma pneumoniae infection such as influenza virus, adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus. It should also be differentiated from non-infectious diseases, such as vasculitis, dermatomyositis and organized pneumonia.
15. What are the prevention and control measures in COVID-19?
(1) standard preventive measures;
(2) Preventive measures for airborne transmission;
(3) Precautions against contact and droplets: Wash hands frequently and wear a mask when going out;
(4) room ventilation;
3. Knowledge education on epidemic prevention and control among primary and middle school students in COVID-19.
1. What role does hand washing have in preventing respiratory diseases? Proper hand washing is one of the most effective measures to prevent diarrhea and respiratory tract infection. Authorities such as the National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention all recommend washing hands with soap and clean water (tap water).
2. Formula and essentials of seven-step water washing method
Within (1): relative friction of palms;
(2) Outside: the palm rubs the back of the hand;
(3) Clamping: palms are opposite and fingers cross and rub;
(4) Bow: Bow your fingers, hold hands with each other, and rub the protruding part of the bone;
(5) big: one hand holds the thumb of the other hand and rotates and rubs;
(6) Standing: put your fingers together, stand your fingertips on the palm of the other hand, and rotate and knead;
(7) Wrist: Hold the wrist of the other hand with one hand and rotate and rub.
When do you need to wash your hands?
(1) Before and after file transfer;
(2) After coughing or sneezing;
(3) Before, during and after food preparation;
(4) before eating;
(5) After going to the toilet;
(6) when your hands are dirty;
(7) After contact with others;
(8) After contact with animals;
(9) After you come back from going out.
4. What should I do if there is no clear water during the trip and it is not convenient to wash my hands?
You can wash your hands with alcoholic disinfection products. Human coronavirus is not acid and alkali resistant, and is sensitive to organic solvents and disinfectants. 75% alcohol can inactivate the virus, so disinfection products with a certain concentration of alcohol can be used as a substitute for washing hands with soap and tap water.
5. How to use the mask correctly?
(1) Disposable masks and medical masks have two sides. Take disposable masks as an example. Most of them are dark in color, with the front facing outwards. Please read the instructions on the mask package for details.
(2) Pay attention to the part with metal strip above the mask, and don't wear it backwards. After distinguishing the front and back, the upper end and the lower end of the mask clearly, wash your hands first, and hang the ropes at both ends on your ears after determining whether the mask is correct;
(3) After wearing the mask, you need to press the metal strips on both sides of the bridge of the nose with both hands, so that the upper end of the mask is close to the bridge of the nose, and then stretch the mask downward so that the mask is not wrinkled and covers the nose and mouth.
6. Precautions for using masks
(1) During the epidemic in COVID-19, non-medical high-risk personnel are advised to wear disposable medical masks or medical surgical masks. The use time of masks can be appropriately extended and can be used repeatedly. Masks are for special use only and cannot be used interchangeably between people. Wash your hands before wearing a mask, and avoid touching the inside of the mask when wearing a mask. If the mask is dirty, deformed, damaged or smelly, it should be replaced in time.
(2) If the mask is contaminated by respiratory/nasal secretions and other body fluids, it should be replaced immediately.
(3) If you need to use the mask again, you can hang it in a clean, dry and ventilated place or put it in a clean and breathable paper bag. Masks should be stored separately to avoid contact with each other, and the users of masks should be marked.
(4) Medical standard protective masks cannot be cleaned, nor can disinfectants and heating be used for disinfection.
7. How do special people wear masks?
(1) pregnant women should pay attention to their own situation when wearing protective masks and choose products with better comfort;
(2) The elderly and patients with chronic heart and lung diseases will feel uncomfortable after wearing it, and even aggravate the original condition, so they should seek professional guidance from doctors;
(3) Children are in the stage of growth and development, and their faces are small, so they should choose protective masks.
4. Knowledge education on epidemic prevention and control among primary and middle school students in COVID-19.
Wear a mask scientifically. When taking public transport, entering crowded places or places with poor ventilation, going to the hospital for treatment and having respiratory symptoms, you should consciously wear masks. Wear a mask regularly, so that the mask is close to the face and covers the nose and mouth.
Keep a social distance
Reduce going to crowded or relatively closed places, consciously keep social distance from others in public places, especially avoid close contact with people with respiratory symptoms.
Attention to personal hygiene
Wash your hands with tap water and soap or hand sanitizer in time after going home, before and after meals, and after touching public goods. Don't touch your eyes, nose and mouth with dirty hands. When coughing or sneezing, try to avoid others, cover your mouth and nose with paper towels or bent elbows, discard the paper towels and wash your hands immediately after use.
Jinji food hygiene
Always follow the principle of separating raw and cooked food, wash your hands in time before and after touching fresh ingredients, and do not touch your eyes, nose and mouth without washing your hands; Meat, eggs and seafood must be thoroughly cooked.
Regular window ventilation
Frequent window ventilation can keep indoor air circulation and reduce the risk of disease transmission, at least twice a day for more than 30 minutes each time. The weather is getting colder and colder, and the temperature is getting lower and lower. Please keep warm when opening the window for ventilation to avoid catching a cold.
Do a good job in health monitoring
5. Knowledge education on epidemic prevention and control among primary and middle school students in COVID-19.
1. Coronavirus is a virus widely existing in nature. Who named novel coronavirus "20 19 novel coronavirus (20 19-nCoV)".
Second, after novel coronavirus was infected, the main symptoms were fever, fatigue and dry cough. Most patients have symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose, sore throat and diarrhea. Severe patients often have dyspnea and/or hypoxemia one week after onset, and severe patients quickly progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis that is difficult to correct, and bleeding and coagulation dysfunction. It is worth noting that severe and critically ill patients may have moderate to low fever or even no obvious fever during the course of the disease. Mild patients only show low fever and mild fatigue. , and no pneumonia. Most patients have a good prognosis.
Third, the source of infection is mainly patients infected by novel coronavirus, and asymptomatic infected people may also become the source of infection; The main routes of transmission are respiratory droplet transmission and contact transmission, and people are generally susceptible.
4. The incubation period after novel coronavirus infection is 1- 14 days, mostly 3-7 days.
Fifth, there is no specific medicine, mainly symptomatic treatment.
Six, do a good job in indoor and outdoor environmental sanitation, keep the indoor and surrounding environment clean and tidy. Always open the window for ventilation to keep the indoor air fresh; Ventilation at least twice a day, each time 10- 15 minutes.
Seven, develop good hygiene habits, wash your hands frequently, don't spit everywhere, cover your nose and mouth with a paper towel when sneezing or coughing, and bend your elbow to cover your nose and mouth when you can't find a paper towel for the time being.
Eight, try to avoid crowded public places, reduce activities such as visiting relatives and friends, gathering and gathering, advocate civilized and healthy dining, and use public chopsticks and spoons. When going out, going to crowded places and taking public transport, you should wear masks scientifically and standardize, and keep a safe social distance when interacting with people and queuing. Reduce contact with public goods and parts in public places.
Nine, don't contact and eat wild animals, avoid contact with livestock and poultry. Chopping boards and storage utensils for handling raw and cooked food should be separated, and hands should be washed between handling raw and cooked food. The mistake is to eat when cooked, especially when meat and eggs are cooked.
Ten, strengthen physical exercise, balanced nutrition, adequate sleep, work and rest, can effectively prevent respiratory infectious diseases.
Eleven, if you have fever, fatigue, dry cough and other symptoms, please wear a mask to the hospital fever clinic. Avoid taking public transport.
Twelve, enhance the sense of social responsibility, every citizen is the first responsible person to prevent and control the epidemic.