Keywords primary school students; Extracurricular reading; Interest; guide
First, stimulate interest and promote reading.
(1) Use story suspense skillfully to stimulate reading interest. Everyone loves stories, especially children who grew up listening to grandma's nursery rhymes and mom's fairy tales. When they heard the teacher say that they would tell a story, they were all full of energy, their ears pricked up and their joy was beyond words. They can't wait to hear. Under the teacher's full voice and emotion, the story has been strengthened and rendered, which has brought the children into an interesting, thrilling, strange, touching and suspenseful emotional world. Just as the children were listening attentively and depressed, expecting the end of the story, the teacher suddenly stopped and told the children that the story was complicated, but the following story could be more exciting. If you want to know the aftermath, please read the original text by yourself. At this time, the teacher lost no time in recommending relevant reading materials to the students. The story of students being detained aroused great interest and asked to borrow books. In this way, the listener can feel the temptation of extracurricular reading in the wonderful realm brought by the story and take the initiative to read. This effect is probably more effective than any preaching.
(2) Talk about your own reading experience to stimulate interest. Teachers should often talk about their own (or organize students') gains and experiences after reading books, and use "appearance statements" to arouse students' emotional singing, so that students have a strong desire to read. At the same time, collect some famous aphorisms about reading in a planned and purposeful way, and comment and appreciate them; Tell the stories of famous people who have become successful in reading and conduct comparative education, thus arousing students' admiration for scholars, their desire for books and their strong intention to make friends with books. In this way, students will take the initiative to make extensive reading attempts in their spare time.
(3) Introduce the outline of reading materials to stimulate reading desire. Teachers should always introduce some characters, content outlines or wonderful fragments to students purposefully and in a planned way to stimulate students' desire to "see the original for details". For example, after teaching The Little Match Girl and The Emperor's New Clothes, the teacher can introduce Andersen's selected fairy tales. Combining the teaching of Xiangxiang River and Battle of Red Cliffs, teachers can show the outline of some wonderful contents in the introduction book of Romance of the Three Kingdoms (children's edition). In this way, students will be inspired by interest and ask to borrow books to read, so as to feel the charm of famous books and the art of splendid culture in reading. Practice has proved that only by cultivating students' interest in extracurricular reading can students change "I want to read" into "I want to read".
Second, teach methods and guide reading.
Although interest is the motive force for people to engage in any activity, it is not clear that students are only interested in extracurricular reading, and the significance and effect of "racing with cows" in the vast ocean with no purpose and no rules are unknown. As a reading guide, we should introduce some effective reading methods to students. There are many ways to read. Here I want to talk about several common and very effective reading methods:
(1) selective reading method. The application of this method is generally to selectively read relevant chapters or parts of relevant books and newspapers according to some needs of students in classroom study or writing, so as to apply what they have learned. For example, after learning the lesson "There is only one earth", students read the book "Man and Nature" purposefully (or look it up on the Internet) in order to have a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the close relationship between human beings, the earth and nature. It not only cultivates students' ability to extract and use materials. At the same time, it also enriches language accumulation and improves reading interest and reading ability.
(2) intensive reading. The so-called intensive reading method is to concentrate some key articles in books and newspapers and read them word by word from the outside to the inside. Cheng Yuan Li Duan said: "Teach each sentence word for word, then understand the meaning of a sentence, then understand the meaning of a chapter, and then continue to work together, so as to kill two birds with one stone." This is the traditional three-step intensive reading method. It is the most important and basic means to cultivate students' reading ability. Some articles are meaningful in language, quoted from classics and vivid in plot. Based on these works, teachers can guide students to intensive reading, require students to devote themselves wholeheartedly, mobilize a variety of senses, do their mouth, eyes, heart, hands, read, think and note, and gradually develop the good habit of reading carefully.
(3) speed reading method. The speed reading method is not to pronounce, distinguish or divert attention when reading, but to look at the general situation quickly. This requires students to concentrate and process and digest information quickly in the process of fast browsing. Using the fast reading method, you can get as much information as possible in the shortest time. If our students can only study hard, it is difficult to adapt to the rapid development of society. Therefore, it is a wise choice to teach students to adopt the speed reading method according to their own reading needs.
(4) extract comments. This reading method is to extract relevant words, sentences, paragraphs and even the whole original text according to your own needs, or mark the key and difficult parts of reading, make comments and write comments. As the saying goes, "no pen and ink, no reading." The educational aphorisms, wonderful and vivid words and paragraphs in the article can be extracted and accumulated in the "thesaurus" established by ourselves, which has prepared rich language accumulation for future compositions. At the same time, you can also cut out good articles from newspapers and magazines you subscribe to and paste them into your reading notes. Read and think * * *, think and read. In short, reading will become more exciting and effective only with your hands and brain.
Third, create conditions to promote reading.
(1) Tidy up the corners of the book. In order to make up for the shortage of students' books, teachers can mobilize students to temporarily store their personal books in the class and organize students to manage their own borrowing. The book corner is located in the corner of the classroom, which is very convenient to borrow and return at any time after class.
(2) Ensure reading time. According to the needs of teaching, teachers recommend suitable reading materials or articles in time to realize the communication inside and outside the class. At the same time, reduce written exercises and increase reading assignments to provide space and time for students to read after class. Ensure that extracurricular reading and guidance are carried out in a planned way.
(3) Help to choose reading materials and avoid blindness. Pupils are eager for knowledge, but lack the ability to distinguish right from wrong. Facing the vast mountain of books, teachers should carefully help students choose useful reading materials according to their reading ability, ideological status, age characteristics, hobbies and educational needs, so as to avoid their non-selectivity and discrimination in extracurricular reading.
In short, in the new century, extracurricular reading is a brand-new field of our human life, and it is also an important spiritual resource and trend of human development. If our Chinese education wants to catch up with the times, it must go beyond the classroom, lead students to "leap forward" and open up a broad world of extracurricular reading.