What are the common health knowledge? 1. Health knowledge of primary school students.
Primary school students' health knowledge
Personal hygiene behavior 10
1, wash your hands before and after meals;
2. Brush your teeth every morning and evening;
3. Take a bath, have a haircut and cut your nails regularly;
4. The clothes are clean and tidy;
5, diligent drying bedding;
6. Pay attention to hygiene and morality, and do not litter or spit everywhere;
7. Exercise once a day;
8. Don't smoke or drink;
9. Let children participate in planned immunization on time;
10, actively learning health knowledge.
10 article on group health behavior
1, indoor clean, no mosquitoes, flies, rats and cockroaches;
2. There is no odor indoors and the air is fresh;
3. There is no no smoking sign in public places;
4, the kitchen stove is clean, the dishes are clean, and raw and cooked are separated;
5. The kitchen is well ventilated;
6, the toilet is tasteless, no flies, and the urinal has no urine alkali;
7, bathroom floor, doors and windows, walls, lamps and lanterns, wash basin pool clean;
8. Specification for balcony closure;
9. Obey traffic rules to avoid accidents;
10, to carry out sports activities beneficial to the body and mind.
2. What are the common health knowledge?
Common sense of life hygiene
Wash your hands before and after meals.
The hand is the "diplomatic organ" of the human body, which dominates all people's "foreign affairs activities", such as engaging in all kinds of labor.
Move, pick up garbage, brush spittoon, wash feet, wear shoes, clean stools, etc. , must be done by hand. Therefore, hands stick easily.
Many pathogenic microorganisms. Scientists have made such a survey that an unwashed hand contains at least 40,000 to 400,000 bacteria. Nail seam is a good place for bacteria to hide. One nail seam can hide as many as 3.8 billion bacteria. . So, my hands are dirty. If you don't wash your hands before and after meals, you will bring bacteria into your mouth and eat them in your stomach. This is what people often say.
"Germs come from the hands, and diseases come from the mouth." Therefore, it is necessary to develop the habit of cutting nails and washing hands frequently before meals, after defecation and after work. Second, don't spit or throw your nose:
Sputum contains millions of bacteria, viruses, fungi, mycoplasma and so on. If you throw up on the ground, when the phlegm is dry,
Bacteria will fly into the air with dust, and healthy people may get respiratory diseases by inhaling such dust. Therefore, people
Everyone should form a good habit of not spitting. Sputum should be spit in the spittoon, which should be scrubbed regularly every day. Without a spittoon
Places, you should spit in the waste paper bag, and then throw it into the waste paper basket or trash can, and consciously do not spit everywhere.
Protect the hygiene of public places.
Third, don't cough or sneeze at others:
Among the legal infectious diseases in China, there are 15 species (such as influenza, measles, chickenpox, mumps and bronchitis) spread by air.
Body pneumonia, etc. Therefore, for everyone's health, we should pay attention to politeness and hygiene when coughing and sneezing, especially
People with respiratory infectious diseases should pay more attention. If you can't help sneezing in front of people or food,
You should take out a towel or tissue immediately and cover your mouth and nose. It's too late now to turn your back on others or food and use it instead.
Cover your mouth and nose with your hands.
Fourth, don't smoke:
Smoking is harmful and useless, which has been recognized by the scientific community all over the world. Tobacco smoke contains more than 3000 kinds of harmful substances, most of which are carcinogens or cancer-promoting substances. According to statistics, people who smoke 40 cigarettes a day have a higher incidence of lung cancer than those who don't smoke.
The height is 70 times. In addition, smoking is also closely related to lip cancer, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer and gastric cancer. Smoking can promote whole body exercise.
With the development of arteriosclerosis and hypertension, the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in smokers are higher than those in non-smokers.
In addition, smokers are prone to colds, rhinitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, bronchitis, emphysema and so on.
3. What are the common knowledge of food hygiene?
The seven essential nutrients for human body are: protein, fat, carbohydrate, inorganic salt, vitamin, cellulose and water. All life activities of the human body are inseparable from these nutrients, that is to say, the human body absorbs these nutrients through combination and decomposition, synthesizes various tissues and organs of the human body, and supplies all substances necessary for human life activities. When the human body lacks certain nutrients, the normality of life activities will be affected, and various manifestations such as emaciation, weakness, decreased resistance, dysfunction, disease and even death will appear. Therefore, in daily life, we should develop good eating habits of not being partial to food, not picky eaters and not overeating, so as to obtain comprehensive and balanced nutrition.
The arrangement of three meals a day is ingenious, and breakfast is not allowed.
The reasonable arrangement of three meals a day is directly related to health. The reasonable arrangement is: breakfast accounts for 25%-30% of the total calories in the whole day, lunch accounts for 40%, and dinner accounts for 30%-35%. Protein and a certain amount of fat should be provided for breakfast, protein, fat, cellulose, carbohydrates and vitamins should be provided for lunch, and dinner should be refined. Besides protein, cellulose, carbohydrates and vitamins, we should also avoid them.
In order to prevent food poisoning, we should do the following:
1, do not eat spoiled food;
2. Don't eat food contaminated by harmful chemicals or radioactive substances;
3. Do not eat raw seafood, seafood, meat, etc. ;
4. Raw and cooked foods should be placed separately;
5. Choppers and chopping boards that have cut raw food cannot be used to cut cooked food;
6. Do not eat dead animal meat;
7, do not eat poisonous mushrooms, puffer fish, raw mung beans, sprouted potatoes, moldy sugar cane, etc.
Ten principles of food safety
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1, to buy safe food;
2, the food should be cooked thoroughly;
3. Eat immediately after cooking;
4. Store cooked food carefully;
5. Reheated food should be thorough;
6. Prevent cross-contamination of raw and cooked food;
7. Keep the kitchen utensils clean;
8. Wash your hands before processing food;
9. Prevent insects and animals from polluting food.
10, use clean water.
4. Basic health knowledge
Health knowledge and personal hygiene behavior of primary school students 10 1. Wash your hands before and after meals; 2. Brush your teeth every morning and evening; 3. Take a bath, have a haircut and cut your nails regularly; 4. The clothes are clean and tidy; 5, diligent drying bedding; 6. Pay attention to hygiene and morality, and do not litter or spit everywhere; 7. Exercise once a day; 8. Don't smoke or drink; 9. Let children participate in planned immunization on time; 10, actively learning health knowledge.
10 group health behavior 1, the room is clean and tidy, and there are no mosquitoes, flies, rats and cockroaches; 2. There is no odor indoors and the air is fresh; 3. There is no no smoking sign in public places; 4, the kitchen stove is clean, the dishes are clean, and raw and cooked are separated; 5. The kitchen is well ventilated; 6, the toilet is tasteless, no flies, and the urinal has no urine alkali; 7, bathroom floor, doors and windows, walls, lamps and lanterns, wash basin pool clean; 8. Specification for balcony closure; 9. Obey traffic rules to avoid accidents; 10, to carry out sports activities beneficial to the body and mind. Environmental protection is everyone's responsibility. National health cities should meet the following requirements in environmental protection work: the environmental protection work has achieved remarkable results, the State Council's "Decision on Strengthening Environmental Protection Work" has been seriously implemented, and pollution control has been strengthened. There have been no major pollution accidents in the past two years.
Environmental quality related indicators meet the standards. Environmental protection indicators mainly include atmospheric environment, water environment, acoustic environment, smoke control area coverage, urban gasification rate, industrial wastewater treatment rate, comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste, urban sewage treatment rate and other related indicators.
It is everyone's responsibility to eliminate the four pests, which is one of the important contents of the activities to create a national health city. "Four pests" refer to mice, cockroaches, flies and mosquitoes.
Four pests can spread many infectious diseases and kill millions of people every year. In addition, they make more people sick, damage their health and affect production and economic development. Besides, the four pests are very fertile, and disasters are born quickly. A little slack is harmful everywhere. Therefore, we need to work hard, persevere, win many battles, combine surprise attacks with frequent attacks, and eliminate the four pests according to local conditions.
Noun describes four diligence: refers to diligent nail cutting, diligent haircut, diligent bathing and diligent dressing. Six noes: no drinking raw water, no eating unclean food, no smoking, no opening towel cups, no littering, no spitting.
Three belts: handkerchiefs, mugs and toilet paper. Five diseases: dysentery, typhoid fever, viral hepatitis and other digestive tract infectious diseases (including pathogen carriers), active tuberculosis, suppurative or exudative skin diseases and other diseases that hinder food hygiene.
5. What are the common health knowledge?
First, wash your hands before and after meals: second, don't spit or throw your nose; third, don't cough or sneeze at others; fourth, don't smoke; fifth, don't drink too much wine; sixth, don't drink unclean water, don't wash or peel raw fruits and vegetables, don't defecate everywhere, don't litter, and dry clothes and bedding frequently.
Common specious "hygienic habits" 1. Wipe tableware, fruits and face with toilet paper: Many toilet papers are not disinfected or not completely disinfected, and the fillers or powder scraps inside are easily left on tableware or fruits, which will affect health if they enter the human body. Therefore, it is not appropriate to wipe tableware, fruits and face with toilet paper.
2. Dry the tableware and fruit with a rag: In general, a rag is omnipotent, which can wipe both the table and the tableware. Moist and nutritious rags are suitable for the reproduction of various pathogenic microorganisms if they are not disinfected, cleaned and aired frequently.
It is more hygienic to wipe tableware and fruits without dishcloth. 3. Wash tableware, fruits and vegetables after meals: Washing meals can be used to clean tableware, vegetables and fruits, and remove oil stains on tableware and pesticide residues on fruits and vegetables, which has become an essential daily necessities in people's lives.
But few people know that washing meals containing sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate is harmful to human health. In order to reduce the harm of meal washing to human health, when washing vegetables and fruits, we should pay attention to not too high concentration, generally about 0.2% is better; The appropriate soaking time is 5 minutes, and it needs to be washed repeatedly with running water after soaking.
The same is true of tableware washing. In addition, don't buy unqualified bulk rice in the stall, because most of these meals are unqualified.
4. Cover food with gauze mask: Covering food with gauze mask in summer can prevent direct pollution of flies, but it can't be covered at once. Because the eggs laid by flies on the veil and the dirt on them will still fall from the gaps in the veil and pollute the food.
Therefore, it is necessary to take a multi-pronged approach to prevent flies, and it is best to keep flies out. 5. spread plastic sheets on the dining table: some tablecloths are made of PVC and contain toxic free radicals.
Tableware often comes into contact with this plastic sheet, and toxic substances will enter the human body through food, leading to chronic poisoning. Therefore, families should not use this toxic plastic tablecloth.
When eating out, don't put chopsticks directly on the table covered with plastic sheets or plastic films. Besides, don't use painted chopsticks.
6. Wrap food in white paper: White paper looks clean, but it is unsanitary. Because a certain amount of bleaching powder is used in the production of white paper, it is easy to trigger chemical reactions and produce many harmful substances, such as peroxide.
This substance can cause joint pain, headache, insomnia, liver cancer and infertility. 7. Eat stale food after heating: Many people think that food poisoning is caused by bacteria in spoiled food. If the spoiled food is boiled before eating, all the bacteria will be killed, and everything will be fine after eating.
In fact, it is still unsafe to eat spoiled food after cooking, although the danger is reduced. For example, Botox and Staphylococcus aureus, which cause food poisoning, will not decompose and destroy even if heated at high temperature. Eating food contaminated with this toxin will still lead to poisoning and even death.
8. Cut off the rotten part of the fruit before eating: Some people think that cutting off the rotten part of the fruit before eating will be fine, but it is not. This is because even if the rotten part is cut off, the remaining part has been polluted by the juice of rotten fruit containing bacteria and their metabolites.
Eating this fruit will cause gastrointestinal discomfort, acute gastroenteritis, and even cell mutation or cancer. 9. Use handkerchiefs or mix them with other things: it is unsanitary to wipe your mouth and nose with handkerchiefs.
Handkerchiefs that are not often cleaned or put together with other things are likely to cause diseases such as upper respiratory tract infection or facial boils. Because paper money, keys and other things carry a lot of germs and eggs, it is easy to pollute handkerchiefs.
People who wipe their hands and mouths with this handkerchief are prone to intestinal infectious diseases and parasitic diseases. Therefore, handkerchiefs should be cleaned frequently and kept clean; You'd better take two handkerchiefs with you, one to wipe your nose and the other to wipe your mouth. Handkerchiefs should not be mixed with paper money, keys and other sundries to avoid being polluted.
10. Long-term use of cups with tea rust: Some people think that tea rust is formed by long-term deposition of tea leaves and is harmless, so it is rarely washed. Actually, this is not right. Tea rust contains a variety of harmful substances, which can cause pathological changes in organs such as kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract.
1 1. Regularly remove brown rust in aluminum pot: aluminum pot looks clean like this, but in fact, a protective film has been removed from the surface of aluminum pot. Because the brown rust on aluminum pot is an oxide of aluminum, it can prevent aluminum from dissolving into water-containing diet, thus reducing the absorption of aluminum by human body and helping to prevent Alzheimer's Harmo's disease.
12. drying towels with waste fluorescent tubes: some families use waste fluorescent tubes to dry towels or handkerchiefs, which is considered hygienic. As we all know, if both ends of the lamp tube are corroded or the lamp tube itself is cracked, toxic substances such as mercury, fluorescent powder and a small amount of ammonia gas in the tube will gradually seep out or volatilize, polluting towels or handkerchiefs, thus endangering human health.
If it enters the eyes, it will lead to decreased vision or even blindness. These toxic substances will also pollute indoor air and cause chronic poisoning.
13. Take a bath immediately after drinking and eating: Patients with heart disease will take a bath with cold water immediately after drinking, which will lead to death due to heavy heart burden. Even normal people should not take a bath immediately after meals.
Because bathing will increase the blood flow of limbs and body surface, reduce the blood supply of gastrointestinal tract, thus affecting the digestive function of gastrointestinal tract. 14. Don't spit if you have phlegm: spitting is an uncivilized living habit and should be abandoned.
But it is also a bad habit not to spit and swallow it. Because doing so will feed all kinds of pathogenic microorganisms and parasitic larvae in sputum into the body, causing corresponding infections and even diseases.
15. Put the toothbrush head upside down in the cup: After brushing your teeth, put the toothbrush head upside down in the washing cup. Some food scraps in the toothbrush room will become a source of nutrition for bacteria, which can make them multiply. When you brush your teeth again, bacteria and their decomposition products in the toothbrush may invade your body, thus affecting your health.
15. Wash your hands with public soap: Washing your hands with soap is for hygiene, but if you wash your hands with soap in public toilets, the result may be just the opposite. Healthy people and unhealthy people use a bar of soap to make bacteria and viruses.
6. About health knowledge
In recent years, with the rapid development of regional economy, environmental pollution has become more and more serious. Preventing environmental pollution, protecting the environment and maintaining ecological balance have become important measures for social development and the obligation of every citizen.
The pollution sources that cause environmental pollution are: 1, and the excrement discharged from public toilets gives off an unpleasant smell; 2. The factory discharges black and smelly wastewater; 3. The exhaust gas from the factory is very pungent; 4. Substances and gases harmful to human body discharged by chemical fertilizer plants; 5. There are rubbish discarded by tourists on the park lawn; 6. The smell of the garbage pool is not completely closed. The pollutants that cause environmental pollution are: waste water, waste gas, feces, carrion, plastic bags, wooden chopsticks, garbage and so on.
Pollutants do great harm to the environment and biology: they make the air turbid and do great harm to people's lungs; Poor treatment of domestic garbage will breed bacteria and seriously affect people's health; Sewage will affect domestic water and directly infringe on human body.
The environment is closely related to our life. Environmental sanitation protection starts from me and starts from now, so I suggest the following: 1, no spitting; 2. Don't litter; 3. Refuse to use disposable wooden chopsticks; 4. Waste batteries and plastic bags should be disposed of; 5, more afforestation, 6, do not trample on the lawn; 7. Don't pollute the water source.
Protecting the environment, maybe it's our responsibility!
7. What are the health knowledge?
Strengthen publicity and education, popularize health knowledge, pay attention to food hygiene and personal hygiene, wash your hands before and after meals, do not eat unwashed vegetables and fruits, and do not drink raw water to prevent eating ascaris eggs by mistake and reduce the chance of infection.
It is an important measure to cut off the transmission route of ascaris lumbricoides by using harmless human feces as fertilizer to prevent the feces from polluting the environment. In areas where water and fertilizer are used as fertilizer, the method of storing manure in five compartments and three ponds can be adopted, so that most eggs in manure are deposited at the bottom of ponds.
Free ammonia and anaerobic fermentation in fecal water can kill eggs and increase fertilizer efficiency. Using biogas digesters for fermentation can not only solve the problems of lighting and cooking for farmers; But also is beneficial to that harmless treatment of excrement.
It can remove feces once every six months or so. At this point, most of the eggs have lost their infectivity.
In areas where manure is used as fertilizer, mud-sealed compost can be used. After three days, the temperature in the dung heap can rise to above 52℃, which can kill ascaris eggs.
8. What does public health knowledge include?
So far, there is no unified understanding and clear definition.
Although the word "public health" appears many times in the central document, the understanding of its connotation may be completely different. Therefore, China should have corresponding authoritative institutions (or authorized research institutions) to define the connotation and scope of public health.
* * * Public health work at all levels shall be guided centrally and managed at different levels. The central government is mainly responsible for formulating public health tasks and health objectives; * * * The provincial level is responsible for coordinating the relationship between the central government and local governments, finding out the main health problems in the province, providing a basis for the central government to formulate policies and guiding the specific work of local governments; Local * * * is responsible for the specific implementation of public health tasks, providing health care services to meet the health care needs of local residents.
Public health funds should also be raised at different levels.
9. Health knowledge
1. Wash your hands before and after meals: Hands are the "diplomatic organs" of the human body and play a leading role in all people's "foreign affairs activities", such as doing all kinds of work, taking out garbage, brushing spittoons, washing feet, wearing shoes and cleaning stools.
Therefore, hands are easily infected with many pathogenic microorganisms. Scientists have made such a survey that an unwashed hand contains at least 40,000 to 400,000 bacteria.
Nail seam is a good place for bacteria to hide. One nail seam can hide as many as 3.8 billion bacteria. In addition, someone did an experiment. Patients with acute dysentery use 5~8 layers of toilet paper, and Shigella can penetrate into their hands. Shigella can survive for 3 days in their hands.
The flu virus can survive for 7 days on wet and warm hands. So, my hands are dirty.
Moreover, when traveling, visiting and studying, and performing tasks, hands often touch some items and get dirty. In particular, patients with infectious diseases and people who look healthy but actually have viruses in their bodies often spread pathogenic microorganisms to various articles and appliances. When a healthy person touches his hand, pathogenic microorganisms will reach you.
If you don't wash your hands before and after meals, you will bring bacteria into your mouth and eat them in your stomach. This is what people often say: "Bacteria come from hands and diseases come from mouth." Therefore, it is necessary to develop the habit of cutting nails and washing hands frequently before meals, after defecation and after work.
Washing hands can remove bacteria and eggs attached to hands. Washing your hands with running water can remove 80% bacteria from your hands. If you wash your hands with soap first and then with running water, you can wash 99% of the bacteria off your hands. When washing hands, be careful that several people should not use the same basin of water to avoid cross-infection and spread diseases to each other for more than 15 seconds.
Second, don't spit or shake your nose: phlegm is a viscous liquid secreted by the respiratory tract and excreted by coughing. Everyone knows how to spit, but not everyone has a good way to spit.
Some people don't pay attention to the environment, spit everywhere, and throw their noses all over the floor, which not only affects hygiene but also harms their personal image. Some so-called "health lovers" spit sputum on the ground and wipe it with shoes worn on their feet, thinking that even if there are no traces of sputum, it will not hinder hygiene and health.
I don't know that sputum contains millions of bacteria, viruses, fungi, mycoplasma and so on. Especially people with respiratory diseases, such as tuberculosis, influenza and meningitis, have more bacteria and viruses in their sputum, especially in the early stage of SARS epidemic.
Someone checked a mouthful of sputum and found hundreds of thousands of bacteria in it. Millions of mycobacterium tuberculosis can be found in the sputum of the most annoying tuberculosis patients.
If you spit on the ground and the sputum is dry, bacteria will fly into the air with the dust, and healthy people may get respiratory diseases by inhaling such dust. So we should form a good habit of not spitting.
Sputum should be spit in the spittoon, which should be scrubbed regularly every day. Where there is no spittoon, the spittoon should be wrapped in waste paper and thrown into the wastebasket or dustbin to avoid spitting and maintain the hygiene of public places.
Third, don't cough or sneeze at others: coughing and sneezing are normal physiological phenomena of people, which is not surprising. However, sneezing in front of others or food without paying attention to the occasion is an unhealthy and impolite bad behavior.
According to the survey, a cough can eject 20,000 tiny droplets, and a sneeze can eject nearly 654.38+0 billion droplets. Moreover, the speed of droplet ejection is very fast, and it can fly 4.6 meters in less than 1 s, and it can fly 9 meters with the wind.
The nasal cavity and throat are one of the places with the densest bacteria and viruses, and the sprayed droplets contain a lot of bacteria and viruses. A sneeze can spit out 85 million bacteria. These tiny water droplets can float in the air for a long time, 30-60 minutes in a windless room, and up to 30 hours.
After the water in the water drops evaporates, bacteria and viruses fly with the dust, which continues to endanger people's health. Among the legal infectious diseases in China, 15 is airborne (such as influenza, measles, chickenpox, mumps, mycoplasma pneumonia, etc. ).
Therefore, for everyone's health, people should pay attention to politeness and hygiene when coughing and sneezing, especially those with respiratory infectious diseases. If you can't help sneezing in front of people or food, you should immediately take out a towel or paper towel and cover your mouth and nose.
Turn your back on others or food when it is too late, and cover your mouth and nose with your hands. 4. No smoking: Smoking is harmful and useless, which is recognized by the scientific community all over the world.
Tobacco smoke contains more than 3000 kinds of harmful substances. Among them, there are mainly nicotine (nicotine), cigarette tar, light hydrofluoric acid, acrylic acid, carbon monoxide and so on.
Nicotine is a toxic substance. Tobacco tar contains nitrosamines, phenols, arsenic, radioisotopes and other carcinogenic or carcinogenic substances, especially benzopyrene, which is recognized as a strong carcinogen. According to statistics, the incidence of lung cancer in people who smoke 40 cigarettes a day is 70 times higher than that in non-smokers.
In addition, smoking is also closely related to lip cancer, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer and gastric cancer. Smoking can promote the development of systemic arteriosclerosis and hypertension, so the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases of smokers are higher than those of non-smokers.
In addition, smokers are prone to colds, rhinitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, bronchitis, emphysema and so on. Other studies have shown that smoking is related to male impotence.
Some people say that smoking can refresh oneself and improve work efficiency.
Actually, this is a misunderstanding. Modern medical research believes that nicotine has a dual effect on the central nervous system, that is, it is first excited and then inhibited.
Therefore, people who smoke heavily for a long time lose their balance in the process of excitement and inhibition in the cerebral cortex, but instead show fatigue, insomnia, decreased memory, distracted attention and decreased work efficiency. The incubation period of many smoking-related diseases is very long, and it is not as fast as eating highly toxic substances.
So in a short time, people often can't see his harm. Sometimes it takes decades from smoking to death.
This is also the main reason why people don't know enough about the harm of smoking. There are about 200-300 million smokers in China, accounting for more than15 of the national population and10-0/0.2 billion smokers in the world. Not only will it consume a lot of money every year, but many years later, the state and individuals will invest unimaginable money to treat various diseases caused by smoking.
At present, European and American countries have seen the great harm of smoking and used legal, economic and political methods.