Since there were animals on the earth, the sound that can be felt was born with the development and evolution of animals. Since the emergence of human beings, sound has become an indispensable thing for human development. In our life, sound is an important medium for people to exchange opinions, feelings and information. Nothing can completely replace sound in all fields of human activities. It is hard for us to imagine what it would be like in our world. There is no sound in the crowd and the world is in a dead silence. If we really go to a place where there is no sound, this place must be so horrible that people can't last a day.
However, sound, like other things, needs a degree. Above or below this degree, it will either become noise, go to its opposite side, or lose its due value. If we watch a movie in the cinema, if the accompanying sound is extremely low, we can only see the characters in the play open their mouths and can't hear the sound. Wouldn't it be a silent movie, and we would feel very uncomfortable; If the movie is loud and the eardrum hurts because of the buzz, you will definitely not be able to stand the strong noise and may have fled the cinema.
Strong noise can cause damage to the hearing organs. When you just come out of the factory building where the machine is roaring, or pass by the pick, you will definitely feel that your ears can't hear clearly, and it will take some time to return to normal. This is noise deafness. Working in this environment for a long time will obviously reduce your hearing.
Noise will seriously interfere with the normal function of the central nervous system, making people neurasthenia, indigestion, and even nausea, vomiting and headache. It will also affect people's normal work, study and life, making it difficult to fall asleep and easy to wake up. Produce unpleasant feelings, such as noise or annoyance. It has a great influence on mental workers and patients.
Since 1980s, more and more countries have begun to pay attention to noise pollution control. At present, the noise generated by new aircraft flying in the air is much lower than that generated by aircraft in the 1960s and early 1970s. Heavy coal-fired trains have been replaced by diesel locomotives and electric trains, and the noise of cars has also decreased. Noise monitoring devices have been installed in the streets of major cities in various countries, and vehicles exceeding the standard are prohibited from passing.
Scientists are still actively exploring ways to reduce noise pollution and eradicate noise sources so that everyone can live in a quiet and harmonious environment.
"Power" is infinite
Environmental noise pollution refers to the phenomenon that the noise emitted by sound sources exceeds the national environmental noise standards and hinders people's work, study, life and other normal activities.
Urban environmental noise mainly comes from traffic noise, industrial noise and social noise. The harm of noise is manifested in many aspects. The most significant impact and harm of noise on human health is to make people's hearing decline and noise deafness. Former US President Ronald Reagan was a film actor when he was young. Once a prop pistol sounded in his ear, causing deafness in one ear. Noise can make people nervous, cause arrhythmia, raise blood pressure and induce heart disease. Noise can also affect the nervous system and digestive system, causing diseases. Stimulated by noise, people's attention is not easy to concentrate, their reaction is slow, and they are prone to fatigue. 1982 At the 9th World Women's Volleyball Championship, the powerful American team met the host team Peru. Cheerleading cries were endless, and finally the American team unexpectedly lost to Peru. After the game, Shringer, the coach of the American team, regretted it, thinking that if it were not for the help of the cheerleading team, there would be no such ending.
Noise is harmful not only to human body, but also to buildings. During the period of 1962, three US military planes flew around Fujisawa, Japan at low altitude at supersonic speed. The strong noise shattered many building glasses, tiles, walls, chimneys, fluorescent lamps and even goods on the shelves of shops, which caused great losses.
The relevant departments of our country once conducted a test survey on the workshop of a machinery factory, and found that 4.5% of the workers who worked in the environment with an average noise of 100 dB for a long time were deaf and 38% were tinnitus. This is because when people are exposed to noise for a period of time, their hearing will decline, and in severe cases, they will not be able to hear the sound. Later, these workers were released from this environment and rested in a quiet place for a while. They all recovered their normal hearing. This phenomenon is called temporary deafness caused by noise. If you work in a strong noise environment for a long time or a long time, you will not only have temporary deafness, but also have periodic temporary deafness. Over time, temporary deafness will become permanent deafness. The results show that people who work and live in a noise environment below 80 decibels for a long time generally do not cause permanent deafness, but noise environment above 80 decibels will cause temporary or permanent damage to people's hearing.
Noise is also extremely harmful to people's mental and physical health. Working or living in a high-intensity noise environment for a long time, people's mood will change obviously, and they will often be agitated, excited or angry for no reason. What's more, some people finally got schizophrenia because they couldn't stand noise pollution. Noise does great harm to people's physiology, and it can cause some diseases, such as stimulating adrenaline secretion, causing arrhythmia, hypertension, indigestion, fetal brain malformation, pregnant women's abortion, and even inducing cancer.
Constant noise of 40 decibels can affect 10% people's sleep. For neurasthenia patients, 40 decibels of noise is enough to keep them awake. 70 decibels of continuous noise can affect 50% people's sleep; If the continuous noise reaches 90 decibels, almost everyone may not be able to sleep. Noise affects learning, and this harm is obvious, especially for young friends, who are not only in the stage of long body, but also in the stage of heavy learning tasks and high test pressure. If they live in a busy urban area or near a construction site, the pain caused by noise to young friends is often unbearable. Persistent strong noise prevents them from finishing their homework, reviewing their lessons and preparing for the exam, which leads to irritability, mood swings and sleepless nights, which seriously affects their physical and mental health and academic performance. In recent years, noise, especially construction noise, has become a new public hazard, which has also triggered many lawsuits. It is not uncommon for residents to take such problems to court.
With the rapid development of human social modernization, man-made noise has become the third largest public hazard in the world after air pollution and water pollution. 1979 The United Nations Environmental Protection Conference has listed noise as "one of the intolerable disasters of mankind". Experiments show that repetitive noise not only damages about 18000 non-regenerative auditory cells, but also harms the whole human body. People who live in noisy environment for a long time. Compared with people living in normal environment, life expectancy is shortened by 8 ~ 12 years. High-intensity noise can also kill people and animals directly and quickly, causing damage to buildings, metals and machines. From this perspective, noise is actually a murderer who kills people without seeing blood.
In the past 10 years, the loudness of urban noise in the United States has doubled, and about 80 million people are troubled by noise (40 million of them are threatened by hearing loss), accounting for 1/3 of the total population of the country. Of the neurological diseases suffered by American residents, 52% are attributed to noise, especially the noise repeated all day; 35% suicides are caused by noise; 30% of criminals are caused by noise. In big cities, the number of deaths caused by noise reaches 1200 every year.
Insomnia, and finally committed suicide because of unbearable. In his suicide note, he accused him of the danger of noise. A young man in Hiroshima was disturbed by the noise from a nearby family box factory, unable to live, study and work with peace of mind, and killed the factory owner with a knife.
During World War II, some countries used megaphones to "interrogate" foreign spies. When the noise reaches 100 decibel, the prisoner will feel pain and anxiety, followed by thinking difficulties and depression, so the interrogator will extract his real information from it. If you continue to raise your voice, the prisoner will start to sweat profusely and twitch all over. When the sound exceeds 130 decibels, the prisoner cries loudly, his conjunctiva is congested, he tries to break free and commits suicide by hitting the wall. Tortured by such high-intensity noise, many prisoners fainted two hours after the eardrum broke.
1959, the US Air Force conducted an experiment to find out how much noise people can tolerate from supersonic jets. During the test, the plane flew over 10 people who volunteered to do the test, and the height was only 10 ~ 12 meters. As a result, all subjects died and none survived. In the early 1960s, the US Air Force F 104 jet fighter made supersonic flight test over Oklahoma City, flying 8 times a day at an altitude of 10000 meters. After flying for six months, 1 farm 1 one chicken was killed by the roar, and the rest either lost their hair or stopped laying eggs, so the cows stopped producing milk.
Of the 530,000 industrial noise sources counted in the first national industrial pollution survey in China, 230,000 exceeded the standard, which seriously disturbed people. According to the survey of 47 cities in China by 1995, 34 of them have exceeded the standard to disturb the people, and the average equivalent sound level has exceeded 70 decibels. Two-thirds of the traffic trunk lines have noise exceeding 70 decibels. 97.6% of the residents' cultural and educational areas have excessive noise. With the rapid development of township enterprises, noise pollution is spreading to the vast rural areas. It seems that noise has begun to form a social problem that cannot be ignored in China.
High-intensity noise not only directly kills people and animals, but also damages buildings, metals and machines. Noise exceeding 140 dB damages doors and windows, shatters tiles, cracks walls and even collapses ancient buildings. When it reaches 180 dB, it can cause metal weakness and make errors or failures in precision instruments and automatic control instruments; When it reaches 180 dB, the machine rivet can be shaken off.
Now, there is no quiet place on the earth for people to live quietly, especially the residents living in towns, industrial and mining areas and transportation hubs. They are surrounded by noise and are constantly surrounded by noise.
Eliminating the harm of noise will be an environmental problem that cannot be ignored for the sustainable survival and development of human beings in the 2 1 century.
During World War II, the Gestapo in France and some fascists in Nazi German concentration camps brutally persecuted prisoners and prisoners. It is torture to torture the victim with noise. They bombed the audited units with noise above 100 decibel. At first, the victim felt pain in his ears, and then he felt restless and had difficulty thinking, which looked strange. In order to further press questions, the fascists further increased the noise intensity, even making the noise intensity exceed 130 decibels, making the victim sweat profusely and twitch all over until the conjunctiva bleeds, the eardrum ruptures, screams and faints. How hateful the fascism that exterminated mankind is!
In ancient China, the ruling class also used noise torture. They put slaves or prisoners under a huge clock, and then rang the Hong Zhong to torture the people on trial. Many victims were permanently disabled or died suddenly. This kind of torture by ancient rulers is really outrageous!
196 1 year1month, a young man in Tokyo, Japan, jumped off the roof and committed suicide. After investigation, he was neither lovelorn nor in foreign debt, but because he couldn't stand the roar and strange cries of machines in nearby factories and the vibration and roar of trains all day and night, he finally jumped to his death. In June+10 of the same year, there were three mothers and children living near a building equipment factory in Luchuan District, Japan. The machines in the factory roar day and night, so children can't study during the day and sleep at night. In desperation, the mother and son wanted to commit suicide together, but fortunately they were found to be rescued in time to avoid death.
The phenomenon of noise "killing people" not only occurs in Japan, but also frequently appears in newspapers all over the world. It is very important to protect the victims with environmental protection law, and the victims protect themselves with environmental protection law.
In a big city in America, there is a centenarian named La Russo. She is healthy and happy. When celebrating her centenary birthday, someone asked her why she lived so long. She said, "Because she is deaf! I have never heard the noise and thunder of the city since I was 20 years old. " This answer greatly surprised people.
Austrian scientists conducted an animal experiment that lasted for three years. Experiments show that noise in the environment is accelerating the process of human aging.
Scientists experimented with 600 mice and played noise to them for 2 hours every day with ordinary loudspeakers. The results showed that these mice, which were often stimulated by noise for three years, showed signs of premature aging and their life span was shorter than that of ordinary mice. Because mice belong to higher mammals, the aging process of higher mammals is consistent in principle. Therefore, the research results are applicable to humans.
In some industrialized countries, the onset age of cardiovascular diseases does have an obvious trend in advance. In the past, when people discussed the causes of hypertension and coronary heart disease, they did a lot of research on dietary factors. However, in recent years, a large number of investigation and analysis data show that the incidence of these diseases is also related to the human nervous reaction caused by urban noise. Mental stress can easily lead to diseases and promote aging ahead of schedule.
Noise not only damages hearing, but also accelerates the rhythm of breathing and heart activity, increases blood pressure and intracranial pressure, and causes a series of pathological changes such as gastrointestinal dysfunction and memory loss. Experts point out that noise not only affects the information and coding transmission function of auditory nerve impulses, but also accelerates the degeneration of inner ear neurons by damaging auditory organs. The fatigue and injury of central nerve cells will reduce the comprehensive ability of cerebral cortex to analyze audio signals. In normal people, the activities of various organs promote and restrict each other. Under the continuous stimulation of noise, the abnormal reflection of auditory organs will lead to the disorder of human physiological functions, and eventually lead to premature aging of cells, tissues, organs and even the whole human body. Scientists have also found that long-term noise stimulation will weaken the normal function of human immune system, thus increasing the incidence of microbial infections and malignant tumors.
For human health and longevity, we need clean air, clean drinking water and a quiet living environment.