Contraindications of birth control pills are many and have great side effects. If you take it at will, it is likely to cause harm to your body.
1. Poor appetite, nausea, vomiting, dizziness and fatigue: most of them occur in the early stage of taking the medicine. When this reaction occurs, on the one hand, you can drink some strong tea and chew some sugar ginger and pickles; On the other hand, we should insist on taking medicine according to regulations. As the human body adapts to drugs, the reaction will gradually disappear. Some women have a serious reaction, so they can take the following drugs to suppress the reaction: vitamin B6, 20 mg each time, 3 times a day; Vitamin C, 1O0 mg per second, three times a day; Anti-reaction tablets, each time 1 tablet, 3 times a day; Compound aluminum hydroxide tablets or yeast tablets, each time 65438 0 g, daily 65438 0 g, taken together with contraceptives.
2. Leucorrhea increases and thins: it mostly happens after taking long-acting contraceptives, and generally does not need treatment. If there is too much leucorrhea, you can put 1 tablet of traditional Chinese medicine in the vagina every night.
3. Intermittent vaginal bleeding: It often happens after missing birth control pills. Generally, as long as you continue to take the medicine on time, the bleeding will stop and the menstrual period will be normal. Of course, you can also ask the doctor to adjust the medicine, or you can change it to other birth control pills. If you take the No.2 contraceptive because of bleeding, you can change it to 1.
4. Hypomenorrhea or even amenorrhea: This situation has little impact on health and is often temporary. If you have amenorrhea for 3 months in a row, you should stop taking the medicine and take other contraceptive measures, and then continue taking the medicine after menstruation recovers on its own. If you still don't menstruate within 1 month after stopping the drug, you should ask a doctor to use megestrol acetate, compound progesterone or menstrual tablets to induce menstruation according to the examination situation, and then you should switch to other contraceptives.
5. Excessive weight gain: If there is edema, diuretics and low-salt foods should be used; If you gain weight obviously, you should stop taking medicine and switch to other contraceptive methods.
6. Yellow-brown spots appear on the face: generally, they will gradually disappear after stopping the drug. If you take vitamin B and vitamin C, the effect will be better.
7. Breast pain: generally can be reduced. If it is serious, stop taking medicine and choose other contraceptive measures.
The main functions of contraceptives include inhibiting ovulation, changing cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to penetrate, or making uterine glands reduce the production of liver sugar, making it difficult for blastocysts to survive, or changing the activity mode of uterus and fallopian tubes, and hindering the transportation of fertilized eggs.
The side effects of contraceptives include nausea, gastrointestinal discomfort, headache, breast tenderness, slight weight gain, nervousness, depression, irregular menstruation, brown spots on the skin and acne. In addition, contraceptives may also cause cancers, such as breast cancer, cervical cancer, liver adenoma and so on.
Therefore, doctors suggest that people with cerebrovascular or coronary artery disease, untreated hypertension, diabetes with vascular problems, smoking over 35 years old, pregnancy or possible pregnancy, liver disease, intestinal malabsorption and so on should never take contraceptives. Patients with migraine, less menstrual flow and depression should try not to take it if it is not necessary.
At present, there is a popular way to get rid of acne among young girls: taking short-acting contraceptives, which is said to be very useful for stubborn acne and acne. In this regard, Professor Wu of Obstetrics and Gynecology in our hospital pointed out that it is safer for adult women to take short-acting contraceptives; However, adolescence is an unstable period of hormone regulation, and the abuse of contraceptives may lead to lifelong infertility.
Why does acne occur in adolescence?
Professor Wu said that a very important factor affecting growth and development in adolescence is the secretion of hormones in the body, such as sex hormones, androgens secreted by adrenal cortex and growth hormones. Many people think that women only have estrogen and no androgen, which is actually wrong. In female adolescence, the testosterone content will gradually increase with age. Effects of Androgen on Women
The growth of pubic hair and armpit hair and the development of labia majora have great influence, which is closely related to the growth of height. When women enter puberty, the secretion of sex hormones is unprecedentedly active, and the secretion of androgens is obviously increased. If the body has no time to effectively adjust and fully adapt, it will produce acne, and may also produce hirsutism and menstrual disorders. With the maturity of growth and development, the level of androgen gradually increases.
Falling. At this time, the adjustment and adaptability of the human body is gradually strengthened, and acne will be reduced until it disappears.
Taking birth control pills to treat acne is to get rid of the root cause.
Short-acting oral contraceptives are usually composed of synthetic estrogen and progesterone. Its main function is to inhibit ovarian ovulation; Change the viscosity of cervical mucus to prevent sperm from passing through; Changing the shape of endometrium is not conducive to the implantation of fertilized eggs; Affect tubal peristalsis and so on. To achieve the purpose of contraception. Professor Wu further explained that the trace estrogen and progesterone contained in short-acting contraceptives can "digest" excessive androgen secretion in adolescence in a certain sense, and can inhibit androgen secretion in the body after taking it, which has a certain therapeutic effect on eliminating acne.
However, young girls themselves are in the sensitive stage of hormone regulation. For example, some college entrance examination girls often have menstrual disorders due to mental stress. Taking drugs with more hormone content at this stage of unstable hormone secretion will artificially destroy the hormone level in the body and may cause self-endocrine out of control. Besides, the therapeutic effect is temporary. As long as the drug is stopped, acne will recur.
Send. This means that the use of contraceptives to treat acne must adhere to long-term medication. However, the principle of birth control pills is to inhibit female ovulation, and the physiological function of adolescent women has not yet fully developed. If they take contraceptives for a long time to treat acne, it may lead to irregular menstruation and even infertility, which is equivalent to giving up the foundation and should not be advocated.
Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Xie Mingxia
●●●● Short-acting oral contraceptives commonly used in China are still taken periodically: that is, one tablet is taken every night from the fifth day of menstruation for 22 days without interruption. Generally, menstruation occurs within one week after stopping the drug, and the second cycle drug is taken from the fifth day of the next menstruation.
●● Precautions when taking it. In the case of sugar-coated tablets, it is necessary to check whether the sugar coating is complete, and the tablets that are damp, deformed and damaged cannot be taken, otherwise insufficient dosage may lead to failure; If you forget to take the medicine that day, you should take 1 tablet the next morning or within 12 hours, otherwise it will easily lead to contraceptive failure; If one of the husband and wife goes out for a short time during the medication, it still needs to be taken for 22 days. Otherwise, stopping taking drugs halfway may lead to contraceptive failure or bleeding due to hormone withdrawal disturbing menstrual cycle; In the process of taking birth control pills, remember the names of the drugs used, and never change varieties at will; Those who don't menstruate for seven days after stopping taking the first cycle medicine can start taking the next cycle medicine on the seventh day. If amenorrhea still occurs after stopping the second cycle of drugs, you should consider changing the medicine or stopping the contraceptive under the guidance of a doctor. Those who want to stop breastfeeding and take birth control pills because of amenorrhea during lactation can start taking progesterone after menstruation or on any day, then take it for 22 days, and then take the second cycle medicine after stopping taking the medicine.
●● Take effective measures when taking birth control pills. After missing the medicine, the level of estrogen in the blood drops, and vaginal bleeding will occur. The incidence of bleeding is closely related to missed service. 1 time missed diagnosis, and the incidence of bleeding was 15%. The incidence of twice missed diagnosis of bleeding is 20%-60%. If you miss it three times, the bleeding rate is 60%- 100%. Therefore, you should avoid missing the medicine during taking the medicine. If there is any omission, take 1 tablet in time the next morning. If there is more bleeding than menstruation, you should stop taking medicine, count your menstruation, and start taking medicine for the next cycle on the fifth day. Missed service may not only lead to bleeding, but also affect the contraceptive effect.
Contraceptive pills only taken when visiting relatives are called visiting relatives contraceptives. Not limited by menstruation, 1 day or the same day before visiting relatives can play a contraceptive role. There are two main types: 18 A family visit contraceptive and No.53 family visit contraceptive.
I. 18 Family Visiting Contraceptives
18 A family visiting contraceptive only contains 18 norethindrone, a progestogen, and does not contain estrogen.
Usage: Take 65,438+0 tablets at night 65,438+0 days before visiting relatives, 65,438+0 tablets after visiting relatives, and 65,438+0 tablets the next morning, for a total of 65,438+04 days. Take 14 days if you are not visiting relatives. The effective rate is over 99%.
Second, the contraceptive pill No.53
Contraceptive pill No.53: The main component is estrogen, that is, diyne decarbonyl ester, which is suitable for short-term relatives.
Administration method: Take 1 tablet after sexual intercourse on the day of visiting relatives, take 1 tablet the next morning, and take 1 tablet after each sexual intercourse. Note that the interval between two medications should not exceed 3-4 days. Take at least 8 tablets during each visit. The effective rate of contraception is also above 99%.
How to use long-acting oral contraceptives;
Take 2 tablets for the first time, that is, take 1 tablet on the 5th and 25th day of menstrual cramps respectively, and then take 1 tablet on the same day for the second time every month, and have a baby at noon. In order to enhance contraceptive effect and reduce side effects, you can take anti-side effects tablets (inhibitory tablets) 1-2 tablets, once 1-2 days, twice a day 1-2 times. If you take short-acting contraceptives instead of long-acting contraceptives, you can take 1 long-acting contraceptives after lunch the next day after taking 22 short-acting contraceptives, and then take 1 tablet every month.
Long-acting contraceptives should not be stopped suddenly, but should be stopped after taking short-acting contraceptives for three months, so that the hormone level in the body will gradually decline and avoid massive bleeding.
Side effects: During taking long-acting contraceptives, nausea, vomiting and other reactions similar to early pregnancy will occur, and vaginal secretions will also increase.
There are many kinds of birth control pills, each with different characteristics. What is the basis for choosing a contraceptive that suits you? Here are some principles for your reference.
1. Contraceptive effect: If the contraceptive effect is good, short-acting contraceptives and contraceptive injections once a month are the best, followed by long-acting oral contraceptives, and vaginal contraceptives are not reliable.
2. Convenient and easy to operate: Short-acting oral contraceptives need to be taken continuously once a day, and missing them will affect the effect, which is inconvenient. It's convenient to take a long-acting contraceptive once a month and take an contraceptive once a month. Visiting relatives pills can be taken at any time without any restrictions. Vaginal contraceptive membrane can be used by both men and women at any time, which is more convenient.
3. Conducive to the control of menstrual period: short-acting drugs and monthly medication have no or little effect on menstrual cycle; Some people have irregular menstruation after taking visiting relatives tablets, but the amount of menstruation is not much; Contraceptive needle can prolong menstrual period; External membrane has no effect on menstrual period.
4. Side effects: Most contraceptives contain progesterone and estrogen, which can cause side effects such as nausea and vomiting. In January, the reaction of long-acting pills was heavier, the reaction of short-acting oral pills was lighter, the reaction of injection was lighter, and there was no obvious reaction of visiting relatives contraceptives.
In addition, women over 40 years old and women who smoke should not use oral contraceptives because they are prone to cardiovascular diseases. As for those who suffer from internal medicine diseases and some gynecological diseases, oral contraceptives are hard to report.
Who should not take birth control pills?
Oral contraceptives are simple, but women in the following situations should not take them.
1. Lactating women: Lactating women need to breastfeed their babies. After taking birth control pills, there are contraceptive ingredients in milk. When babies eat this milk, their physical development will be affected, and even some abnormalities will appear, such as breast enlargement, nausea and vomiting, vaginal bleeding of baby girls and testicular atrophy of baby boys.
Second, menopausal women: Due to the endocrine disorder and irregular ovulation of menopausal women, oral contraceptives not only fail to achieve the expected results, but also have an impact on health, which is easy to cause coronary heart disease and gallstones, or uterine bleeding.
Third, women suffering from acute hepatitis, nephritis, heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, uterine fibroids, tuberculosis and other diseases should not take it, so as not to aggravate the condition.
Fourth, women who have had induced abortion should not take it before menstruation, but only after menstruation, so as not to cause uterine atrophy, irregular menstruation or amenorrhea.
Oral contraceptives fall into three categories: short-acting, long-acting and quick-acting.
Short-acting oral contraceptives: the mechanism of action is to inhibit ovulation. There are oral contraceptives 1, oral contraceptives 2, and compound contraceptives 18.
Dosage: Take the medicine from the fifth day of menstrual cramps for 22 days. Contraception can be used 1 month. Generally stop taking 1-3 days for menstruation, and continue taking it from the fifth day of the next menstruation. The method is as above.
Why can't you miss taking medicine from the fifth day of menstruation? Because the main function of birth control pills is to inhibit ovulation, if you take the medicine after the sixth day, the egg cells will not be inhibited to a certain extent, thus causing the possibility of pregnancy, such as missing the medicine halfway, which is prone to vaginal bleeding and disrupting the normal menstrual cycle.
Long-acting oral contraceptive: Its mechanism is to inhibit and change the running speed of pregnant eggs. Take one contraceptive pill per month 1 month, which is suitable for couples who live together for a long time.
Usage: Take one tablet on the fifth day of menstrual cramps, two tablets on the 25th day, and one tablet on the second day of taking medicine every month.
Quick-acting oral contraceptive: also known as visiting relatives contraceptive. Its mechanism of action is mainly to quickly inhibit ovulation, affect sperm penetration and prevent pregnant eggs from implanting. The advantage is that it is not limited by menstrual cycle, when to visit relatives and when to take it.
Emergency contraception is one of the latest contraceptive methods, but it is not always available. Under normal circumstances, when using tools (condoms), it is found that condoms are broken and can be made up by oral contraceptives. However, emergency contraception cannot be used as a routine contraceptive method, and it is usually taken orally once a month.
The principle of emergency contraception is not very harmful to the body, but the side effects will cause irregular menstruation and delayed menstruation.
The contraceptive mechanism of emergency contraception is mainly to inhibit ovulation, or to prevent implantation, which is for endometrium. The administration method is generally two tablets, one at a time. You can take one pill if you find that the contraceptive is broken./kloc-Take the second pill after 0/2 hours. It should be emphasized that some patients will not be able to take oral contraceptives. There is something wrong with the method of taking. For example, after eating it, I felt particularly sick and vomited it. After vomiting, they should take supplements immediately. For example, after taking emergency contraception orally, you have a history of sexual life during your menstrual period 1,1and1. You should take oral contraceptives and have a history of sexual life around the 7 th and 8 th. Are you using contraception? If you don't have contraception, you may be pregnant by then, and it's no use eating any more.
Generally, it is better to take two birth control pills separately, because the drug has the problem of maintaining concentration, and taking the medicine once can not achieve the effect.
Emergency contraception cannot be taken for a long time. There is no absolute limit to our clinical observation, but at first we suggested that patients take it two or three times a year, but now I find that many young people regard it as contraception, taking it several times a month, or taking contraceptives every month for a year. This is not good.
Oral emergency contraception, we don't recommend taking this thing continuously. In general, emergency contraception is a remedial measure, not a routine measure. Another note about taking medicine, don't take it during suspicious pregnancy. Some people are at a loss to take emergency contraceptive measures. When they feel that they are going to have their period and have sex, they take emergency contraception. This is not right. Second, cardiovascular diseases, migraine with caution, as well as liver and renal insufficiency, lactation milk, have an impact on the baby. There are also women over 40 who try not to take it orally. In addition, long-term use of contraceptives can cause vaginitis. But one advantage of it is that it can treat dysmenorrhea. Many patients have dysmenorrhea and their stomachs don't hurt badly. Acne can also be treated, so can menstruation. Although menstruation is not allowed, taking contraceptives can regulate menstruation and prevent endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer. It has its advantages.
Vaginal contraceptive membrane is most suitable for young couples, such as old age and less leucorrhea. The membrane has to dissolve in the vagina for a long time. It is not suitable for people with vaginal or neck injuries. There are generally no side effects, only a few people occasionally have local tingling or itching. Mastering the correct method is the key to the success of contraceptive use.
It's three-point poison!