(1) Reasonable nutrition provides energy substances suitable for exercise and gives full play to the good functions of energy substances. Any form of exercise is based on the consumption of heat energy, but the energy reserve in the body is limited. If there is not enough available energy, that is, the water content of glycogen in the body is extremely low, it can not meet the requirements of ATP synthesis rate without water. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the intake of foods rich in carbohydrates in order to make the body have sufficient muscle glycogen reserves.
Secondly, reasonable nutrition is helpful for recovery after strenuous exercise. The key to the recovery of exercise ability lies in the recovery of metabolic ability of the body, including the storage of glycogen in muscle and liver and the concentration of key enzymes (vitamin B complex and trace elements, etc.). ), the balance between body fluids and elements (such as iron) and the integrity of cell membranes. The recovery of these metabolic abilities can only be achieved through reasonable nutritional measures.
Thirdly, reasonable nutrition can reduce the degree of exercise fatigue or delay its occurrence. The common reasons that cause the decline of human body's exercise ability, such as dehydration, body temperature rise caused by thermoregulation disorder, accumulation of acidic metabolites, metabolic disorder caused by electrolyte imbalance, consumption of energy reserves, etc., can delay the occurrence of fatigue or reduce its degree under reasonable nutritional measures (such as proper diet nutrition and rehydration before, during and after a lot of training).
Fourthly, reasonable nutrition helps to solve some special medical problems in sports training: many sports, such as weightlifting, wrestling, judo and rowing. Lose weight because of the need, and there are some sports, such as gymnastics, diving, high jump and so on. The level of weight and body fat is often controlled for a long time because of completing difficult technical movements.
Athletes often reduce or control their weight by controlling diet, drinking water, sweating at high temperature, increasing exercise and even taking diuretics, which will cause serious medical problems. Athletes have special nutritional needs when training in hot or cold environment. Children, teenagers, women or the elderly all have different physiological problems when participating in physical training, and need special nutritional supervision to ensure the normal training and health of athletes.