What is the function of the kidney? As we all know, the kidney is like a big excretion and detoxification machine for the human body. It can regulate human blood pressure and promote the production of red blood cells. In life, diabetes can cause kidney disease. The following is an analysis of kidney function.
What is the function of the kidney? 1 1. Metabolic toxin.
For the body, it is mainly responsible for metabolizing some toxins and garbage in the body. It can excrete some substances left in the kidney through urine.
Second, help adjust.
Kidney can help regulate the stability of internal environment. It can discharge some redundant secretions in the body and keep the acid-base balance of the body in a normal state.
What health care methods should be taken to protect the kidneys?
First of all, ensure adequate sleep.
Nowadays, many people often stay up late because of work and other reasons, which is very unfavorable to the recovery of body organs, especially kidneys. Therefore, you should have enough sleep time at ordinary times, which can recharge your batteries, help replenish kidney essence and keep your kidneys healthy.
Second, have good eating habits.
Nowadays, many people keep some bad eating habits, which will make them overeat and can't eat on time, but they don't know that these bad eating habits will make the body's immune system decline and the kidneys are easily affected by the outside world. Therefore, we should ensure good eating habits in daily life and eat more kidney-tonifying foods, such as leeks, black rice and black sesame seeds.
Third, keep emotional stability.
At present, because many people's emotions are easily affected, especially when the pressure is relatively high, they will be in a state of anxiety and rage for a long time, leading to problems in the organs of the body, especially the liver and kidney. When the mood is unstable, it is easy to make the liver qi stagnate, and it is also easy to raise the blood pressure of the kidney, causing a series of diseases. Therefore, if you want healthy kidneys, you need to maintain a stable mood.
Generally speaking, the health of the kidney can prevent other organs of the body from being affected and a series of diseases will occur. In addition, in a healthy state, the kidney can make the body's immunity normal, so that the body's metabolites can be well excreted by the kidney, so that all aspects of the body will not be affected by toxins.
What are the functions of the kidney? What are the main functions of human kidney?
1, generate urine and maintain water balance:
The glomerulus is like a sieve. When blood flows through the glomerulus, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, protein and other large components cannot pass through the filter screen, so they cannot be filtered out of the glomerulus and remain in the blood vessels. Group components, such as water, sodium, chlorine, urea, sugar, etc. Can pass through a sieve, filter out through the glomerulus and flow into the renal tubules. These liquids are called "raw urine". When the original urine flows through the renal tubule, the renal tubule has the function of reabsorption, 99% of water is absorbed back into the body, and almost all nutrients are reabsorbed;
At this time, only the metabolic waste of the body and a small amount of water are left, forming urine (called "final urine"). There are about 1.3 million glomeruli in each kidney of human body. Every day, 1.80 liters of raw urine is filtered out to form about 1 and 8 liters of urine. When there is too much or too little water in the human body, the kidney regulates the urine volume to keep the water balance in the body.
2. excrete metabolites and toxic substances from the human body;
When the human body metabolizes, it will produce some metabolic wastes, such as urea, uric acid and creatinine. Kidney excretes these wastes from urine through glomerular filtration and renal tubular secretion, thus maintaining normal physiological activities. When acute and chronic renal insufficiency occurs, the glomerular filtration function decreases, and metabolic wastes will accumulate in the body, causing the disorder of normal physiological functions of the human body.
3, adjust the electrolyte and acid-base balance:
Through the filtration of glomerulus, reabsorption and secretion of renal tubules, the kidney discharges excess water in the body, regulates electrolyte and acid-base balance, and maintains the stability of the internal environment.
4. The secretion of erythropoietin:
Promote bone marrow hematopoiesis and generate red blood cells; When renal function is not complete, the synthesis of erythropoietin decreases, which will cause anemia.
5, generate active vitamin D:
25 (OH) 2 vitamin D3 is converted into 1, 25(OH)2 vitamin D3, which regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism in vivo, maintains the normal structure and function of bones, and also participates in the regulation of immune function. When renal function is not complete, it will cause deficiency of active vitamin D.
6. Secretion of vasoactive substances:
The secretion of renin, angiotensin and prostaglandin plays an important role in blood pressure regulation. In chronic kidney disease, the above vasoactive substances may be out of balance, leading to an increase in blood pressure.
7. Degradation and inactivation of hormones:
The kidney is also a place where many hormones are degraded and inactivated, such as insulin, parathyroid hormone, glucagon, calcitonin and many other hormones, which are degraded in the proximal tubule cells of the kidney. When renal function is not complete, the biological half-life of these hormones is obviously prolonged, which leads to accumulation in the body and can cause metabolic disorder.
What is the function of the kidney? 3 1. Eliminate excess water and sodium, potassium, chlorine, calcium and phosphate plasma in the body. Excessive calcium and potassium can lead to cardiotoxicity and even cardiac arrest; The accumulation of sodium and water leads to edema, causing or aggravating hypertension, heart failure, vascular injury and so on.
2. With water as the carrier, hundreds of metabolic wastes, such as organic acids, urea, creatinine, uric acid, guanidines, phenols, amines, etc. Eliminate all the things produced by the huge cell group of human body, so as to ensure that the living environment of human cells is not like a garbage dump.
3. By adjusting acid-base buffer substances such as bicarbonate, hydrogen ions, phosphate, etc., the PH value of blood and tissue fluid is guaranteed to reach physiological state.
4. Eliminate water-soluble drugs, poisons, redundant hormones and other substances to protect the body from related substances and lead to dysfunction.
It is precisely because the kidney provides a healthy living environment for body cells by producing "high-quality" urine, and completes life and tasks efficiently.
Therefore, it is necessary to avoid eating and drinking in the sea, eating and drinking indiscriminately, avoiding a high-salt diet, avoiding excessive exercise and reducing the workload of the kidneys. Of course, in a healthy state, the function of the kidney is very powerful, and it also has a reserve function, so there is no need to worry about the general influence of the kidney.
In addition, the kidney also completed some other important functions by the way:
1, the vascular system of the kidney itself will act as a buffer pool of the blood system, which will help to increase the body's function of regulating blood pressure. Even in animals with renal failure, it will be more difficult to control their blood pressure after nephrectomy.
2. The kidney produces most of the red blood cells, which will order the bone marrow to continuously produce blood to ensure that there are enough red blood cells in our blood, and then the red blood cells will transport oxygen to every cell of the body and participate in aerobic breathing. Patients with renal failure will also lose their function. Fortunately, medical scientists discovered the existence of erythropoietin, and produced artificial erythropoietin through early purification and current genetic engineering. With it, uremia patients can get rid of the fate of relying on repeated blood transfusion decades ago.
3. Processing factory of active vitamin D: The function of vitamin D is very necessary, which ensures normal calcium metabolism and bone metabolism, and also participates in many physiological functions, even our immunity construction. The activation of common vitamin D requires adding a hydroxyl group at -25 and-1 to play a normal biological role, in which the hydroxyl group of-1 needs to be modified. Lack of active vitamin D in patients with renal failure will lead to osteoporosis and hypocalcemia, so it is necessary to supplement active vitamin D.
4. The kidney will secrete prostaglandins, renin, angiotensin, bradykinin and other hormones. Under certain conditions, the release of these hormones can be reasonably controlled to regulate blood pressure. Most patients with renal failure will have hypertension, which is more difficult to control than essential hypertension, so strict diet control and more antihypertensive drugs are often needed to control blood pressure.